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1、Adopted by INCITS (InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards) as an American National Standard.Adopted by INCITS (InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards) as an American National Standard. Date of ANSI Approval: 12/30/2003 Published by American National Standa
2、rds Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036 Copyright 2003 by Information Technology Industry Council (ITI). All rights reserved. These materials are subject to copyright claims of International Standardization Organization (ISO), International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), Ame
3、rican National Standards Institute (ANSI), and Information Technology Industry Council (ITI). Not for resale. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, without the prior written permission of ITI. All requests pertaining to this standard sho
4、uld be submitted to ITI, 1250 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC 20005. Printed in the United States of America Reference number ISO/IEC 7064:2003(E) ISO/IEC 2003 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 7064 First edition 2003-02-15 Information technology Security techniques Check character systems Technologies d
5、e linformation Techniques de scurit Systmes de caractres de contrle Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=USN Ship Repair Facility Yokosuka/9961031100 Not for Resale, 05/08/2007 23:41:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without lic
6、ense from IHS -,-,- ISO/IEC 7064:2003(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performin
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9、tariat at the address given below. ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the
10、 address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reserved Copyright American National Sta
11、ndards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=USN Ship Repair Facility Yokosuka/9961031100 Not for Resale, 05/08/2007 23:41:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO/IEC 7064:2003(E) ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reserved iii Contents 1Scope 1 2Te
12、rms and definitions 1 3Symbols and notation 2 4Types of systems 2 4.1Pure systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 4.2Hybrid systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 5Complia
13、nce and designation 2 5.1Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 5.2Check character generating products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 5.3Checking products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 5.4System designation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 6Specification of pure systems 3 6.1Formula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15、 . . . . . . . . .3 6.2Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 6.3Check character position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 7Computational methods for pure systems with one chec
16、k character 4 7.1Pure system recursive method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 7.1.1Computation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 7.1.2Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 7.2Pure system polynomial method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 7.2.1Computation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 7.2.2Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 8Computational methods for pure systems with two check characters 6 8.1Computation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 8.2Example using recursive method. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 8.3Example using polynomial method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 8.4 Simplifi ed procedure for ISO/IEC 7064, MOD 9710 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 9Specification for hybrid systems 7 9.
20、1Formula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 9.2Check character position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 10 Computational method for hybrid systems 8 10.1 Hybrid system recursive m
21、ethod. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 10.1.1 Computation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 10.1.2 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 An
22、nex A (informative) Criteria for the selection of check character systems for applications . . . . . 10 Annex B (informative) Check character systems for other alphabets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=USN Ship Repair Facility Yokosuka/9961031100 Not for Resale, 05/08/2007 23:41:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO/I
24、EC 7064:2003(E) iv ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the d
25、evelopment of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-gover
26、nmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task o
27、f the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vot
28、e. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 7064 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technolo
29、gy, Subcommittee SC 27, IT Security techniques. This first edition of ISO/IEC 7064 cancels and replaces ISO 7064:1983, which has been technically revised. Note, however, that implementations which comply with ISO 7064:1983 will be compliant with ISO/IEC 7064:2003. Copyright American National Standar
30、ds Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=USN Ship Repair Facility Yokosuka/9961031100 Not for Resale, 05/08/2007 23:41:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO/IEC 7064:2003(E) ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reserved v Introduction The need for s
31、tandardization of check character systems was determined by the following considerations: a) of the multitude of systems in use, many have very similar characteristics, and much of the variety fails to provide any signifi cant benefi t; b) few of the existing systems have been thoroughly verifi ed m
32、athematically and several have serious defects; c) the variety of systems undermines the economics of products which generate or validate check characters, and frequently prevents the checking of interchanged data. Therefore a small set of compatible systems were selected to cope with various applic
33、ation needs; they were validated, and within the constraints of each application, off er high protection against typical transcription and keying errors. Existing check character systems as specifi ed in ISO 2108, ISO 2894 and ISO 6166 are used in special application fi elds (ISO 2894 has been withd
34、rawn). These do not however, achieve the error detection rate of the systems specifi ed in this International Standard. Annex A summarizes the criteria to be considered when selecting a check character system specifi ed in this International Standard for a particular application. Annex B provides an
35、 example of a method by which this standard may be applied to an alphabet that has more than 26 characters. Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=USN Ship Repair Facility Yokosuka/9961031100 Not for Resale, 05/08/2007 23:41:08 MDTNo reproduc
36、tion or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=USN Ship Repair Facility Yokosuka/9961031100 Not for Resale, 05/08/2007 23:41:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license fro
37、m IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 7064:2003(E) Information technology Security techniques Check character systems 1Scope 1.1 This International Standard specifi es a set of check character systems capable of protecting strings against errors which occur when people copy or type data. The st
38、rings may be of fi xed or variable length and may have character sets which are a) numeric (10 digits: 0 to 9); b) alphabetic (26 letters: A to Z); and c) alphanumeric (letters and digits). Embedded spaces and special characters are ignored. 1.2 This International Standard specifi es confor- mance r
39、equirements for products described as gener- ating check characters or checking strings using the systems given in this International Standard. 1.3These check character systems can detect: a) all single substitution errors (the substitution of a single character for another, for example “4234” for “
40、1234)”; b) all or nearly all single (local) transposition errors (the transposition of two single characters, either adjacent or with one character between them, for example “12354” or “12543” for “12345”); c) all or nearly all circular shift errors (circular shifts of the whole string to the left o
41、r right); d) a high proportion of double substitution er- rors (two separate single substitution errors in the same string,for example “7234587” for “1234567)”; and e) a high proportion of all other errors. 1.4This International Standard excludes systems designed specifi cally to: a) permit both err
42、or detection and automatic correc- tion; b) detect deliberate falsifi cation; and c) check strings interchanged solely between ma- chines. 1.5This International Standard is for use in infor- mation interchange between organizations. It is also strongly recommended for use in internal information sys
43、tems. 2 Terms and defi nitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and defi nitions apply. 2.1 check character: Added character which may be used to verify the accuracy of the string by a mathematical relationship to that string. 2.2 check character system: Set of ru
44、les for gen- erating check characters and checking strings in- corporating check characters. 2.3 supplementary check character: Check character which does not belong to the charac- ter set of the strings which are to be protected. 2.4 modulus: Integer used as a divisor of an integer dividend in orde
45、r to obtain an integer remainder. 2.5 congruence: Property of a set of integers which diff er from each other by a multiple of the mod- ulus. Congruence is indicated by the symbol . For example, 39 6 (mod11) indicates that 39 and 6 are congruent with respect to the modulus 11, i.e., 39 6 = 33, which
46、 is a multiple of 11. 2.6 radix: Base of a geometric progression. c ? ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reserved1 Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=USN Ship Repair Facility Yokosuka/9961031100 Not for Resale, 05/08/2007 23:41:08 MDTNo reproduction
47、 or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO/IEC 7064:2003(E) 3Symbols and notation Throughout ISO/IEC 7064 the following symbols and notation are used. aiNumerical value of the character in position i. i Index of the character position. M Modulus. n Number of characters in a string, i