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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 1425: Supplement No. 1:1966 Specification for Cleanliness of fillings and stuffings for bedding, upholstery, toys and other domestic articles Supplement No. 1: Appendices UDC 677.066:677.01:684.7 + 688.72 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 24 07:59:08 GMT+00:00 2
2、006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 1425:Supplement No. 1:1996 This Supplement, having been approved by the Bedding Industry Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the General Council on 16 December 1966 BSI 01-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:
3、Committee reference BDM/6 Draft for comment D 65/10238 ISBN 0 580 34146 1 Co-operating organizations The Bedding Industry Standards Committee, under whose supervision this Supplement was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government departments and industrial organizations: Fur
4、nishing Spring Makers Federation Institute of Iron and Steel Wire Manufacturers Ministry of Defence, Army Department* Ministry of Health Ministry of Public Building and Works* National Association of Retail Furnishers* National Bedding Federation* National Union of Furniture Trade Operatives* Tickin
5、g Group Womens Advisory Committee of the BSI* Representatives of filling materials manufacturers The Government departments and industrial organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation o
6、f this Supplement: Association of Public Analysts Association of Public Health Inspectors British Cotton Waste Association British Furniture Manufacturers Federated Associations British Furniture Trades Confederation British Man-made Fibres Federation British Toy Manufacturers Association Ltd. Drape
7、rs Chamber of Trade Furniture Industry Research Association Household Textiles Association Manchester Chamber of Commerce Testing House and Laboratory Ministry of Technology Laboratory of the Government Chemist National Curled Woollen Flock Manufacturers Association National Feather Purifiers Associ
8、ation National Fillings Trades Association Society for Analytical Chemistry Society of Medical Officers of Health Waste Trade Federation West of England Washed Flock Manufacturers Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov
9、 24 07:59:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 1425:Supplement No. 1:1996 BSI 01-2000i Contents Page Co-operating organizationsInside front cover Forewordii Appendix A Sampling1 Appendix B Determination of dry matter3 Appendix C Cleanliness test3 Appendix D Determination of oil and soap7
10、 Appendix E Determination of animal fibre content9 Appendix F Method for determination of trash content10 Appendix G Determination of soluble chlorides11 Appendix H Method for the determination of dust index13 Appendix J Method for determining the proportions of the constituents of cotton/kapok mixt
11、ures16 Appendix K Determination of cotton in mixtures of cotton and man-made fibre16 Appendix L Identification of man-made fibres17 Appendix M Method for the determination of dross content of feathers and down19 Appendix N Method for the determination of down in mixtures of down with poly-acrylonitr
12、ile fibres21 Appendix O Method for the determination of acetone-insoluble material in bonded secondary cellulose acetate fibres22 Appendix P Cleanliness test (water extract)22 Figure 1 Spiral wire plunger for cleanliness test4 Figure 2 Jar for cleanliness test5 Figure 3 Apparatus for dust index test
13、14 Figure 4 Details of jet for dust index test15 Figure 5 Approximate shape of paddles for dross content machine20 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 24 07:59:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 1425:Supplement No. 1:1996 ii BSI 01-2000 Foreword This standard makes refe
14、rence to the following British Standards: BS 410, Test sieves. BS 506, Methanol. BS 507, Ethanol. BS 509, Acetone. BS 572, Interchangeable conical ground glass joints. BS 1752, Laboratory sintered or fritted filters. BS 1780, Pressure gauges. BS 2071, Soxhlet extractors. BS 2792, Method for the quan
15、titative analysis of intimate mixtures of secondary cellulose acetate with certain other fibres. BS 2822, Quantitative chemical analysis of mixtures of protein and non-protein fibres. BS 2889, Method of test for trash content of cotton and for trash and lint content of waste, intended for spinning,
16、by means of the Shirley analyser. BS 3068, Method for the quantitative analysis of mixtures of viscose rayon and cotton. BS 3069, Method for the quantitative chemical analysis of binary mixtures of nylon 6 or nylon 6.6 and certain other fibres. BS 3591, Industrial methylated spirits. This supplement
17、 contains the complete texts of Appendix A to Appendix P inclusive. Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C, Appendix D, Appendix E, Appendix G, Appendix K and Appendix P have been revised. Appendix F, as amended by Amendment No. 1 (PD 4041), incorporates only one further addition (item d) to the list of
18、 apparatus. The remainder (Appendix H, Appendix J, Appendix L, Appendix M, Appendix N and Appendix O) as amended by Amendments Nos. 1 and 3 (PD 4041 and PD 4687) are, with the exception of minor editorial alterations, reprinted without change. This publication thus includes full and up-to-date detai
19、ls of all technical requirements for sampling, preparation of test specimens and testing of filling materials under BS 1425. The fourth (1960) edition (i.e. the third revision) of BS 1425 introduced the concept that the whole of any consignment or stock of filling material complying with the standar
20、d should be capable of passing the cleanliness test. It was also established that a sample for testing might be drawn from any one bag, bale or other package or from any one finished article containing the filling in question. At the same time retesting and the recording of the mean of three test re
21、sults, in cases where a high test figure had been obtained, was withdrawn. As regards the test limits themselves, the Foreword of the previous (i.e. 1954) edition of the standard had explained that to obtain the necessary data on which to base the standard, comparative tests had been made on samples
22、 of good, bad and borderline quality of each type of filling by a number of analysts working independently and in different laboratories. Limits for each test had been agreed after very careful consideration of the results so obtained, making due allowances for slight variations in reproducibility o
23、f tests done in different laboratories and for variability of the materials themselves. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 24 07:59:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 1425:Supplement No. 1:1996 BSI 01-2000iii The changes in approach introduced by the 1960 edition clari
24、fied and simplified the position of the user or purchaser of filling materials. They also ensured that there would be no differences in the attitude of persons taking samples, whether in the capacity of an inspector taking samples under the Rag Flock Regulations or for the BSI marking scheme, or on
25、behalf of a purchaser, or as part of the production control arrangements set up by a producer in his factory. In each case the gross sample taken by the sampling officer, and sent to the analyst for testing, needed simply to be as representative as possible, or reasonably representative within presc
26、ribed terms, of the bulk from which it was taken. This requirement would hold good for a sample of feathers or down taken from a single pillow or a sample of flock taken from a consignment of many bales. But the problem of the manufacturer is to establish means to keep his eye on a long run of produ
27、ction, and this problem is discussed at some length below. Problem of the manufacturer. A significant part of the background to the new approach implicit in the 1960 edition is the onus placed on the manufacturer or producer of any filling material to satisfy himself that his production is run consi
28、stently in a manner which would enable any sample to pass the test requirements. That calls for either a high degree of confidence and commercial “know how”, or some reliable means of quality control (based presumably on sampling of current production and rapid testing and recording of test results
29、on these samples) to ensure that the production line is consistently working to considerably stricter limits than those required by the standard. For that purpose the basic problem of the manufacturer is to take samples from his current product and measure their properties at such intervals as will
30、give adequate and timely warning of any failure to control production at the required level of cleanliness. The frequency of sampling necessary for this purpose will depend on the uniformity of production (and for some fillings, of course, indirectly on the uniformity of the intake of raw materials)
31、. The method and frequency of sampling therefore cannot be specified in advance but must be determined by the manufacturer himself in the light of his own experience. Accordingly the revised Appendix A does not include any recommended rate of sampling for the manufacturers own production control pur
32、poses, but specific directions are given about the methods and procedure for taking samples. Duplicate and triplicate samples. This revised version of certain appendices in BS 1425 has been issued in order to make the working of the standard and the related certification marking scheme operated by t
33、he BSI as simple and effective as possible. Analysts regularly engaged in testing for BS 1425 have from time to time checked the reliability of their technique by comparing the results they severally obtained on carefully prepared duplicate or triplicate samples. It is recognized that the limits spe
34、cified in the standard were originally fixed with due regard to accepted experimental errors and the known variability of the materials being tested, but it is natural that manufacturers also have, from time to time, expressed doubts about the accuracy of the results obtained from different laborato
35、ries. Consequently the recent history of this particular standard had been punctuated by occasional complaints and investigations about allegedly differing results from various testing laboratories on what purported to be identical samples. BS 1425 specifies requirements and methods of test for two
36、different kinds of properties. Some properties are directly concerned with the effectiveness of the cleaning process, and the tests are designed to show whether the material has or has not been effectively processed. For this first kind, i.e. the cleanliness tests, provided that the cleaning process
37、 (e.g. washing or dust extraction) is effective and sufficient, test figures could reasonably be expected to be fairly uniform throughout a batch. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 24 07:59:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 1425:Supplement No. 1:1996 iv BSI 01-2000 O
38、ther properties are connected only with verification of the correct description of the material. For this second kind a typical example is the requirement for a stated animal fibre content in certain fillings. Because of the nature of the raw materials which are processed, for example in washed fill
39、ings, the distribution of animal fibre may be patchy rather than uniform, and likely to be very variable, especially before garnetting and layering of the product. The manufacturing problem in such cases is to include sufficient of the animal fibre component to make sure of achieving a sufficient pr
40、oportion everywhere. Test results for this property must be expected to vary, because of the likelihood of irregular distribution. In the light of the various facts outlined above, the appendix on sampling lays down the requirement for drawing gross samples (i.e. the samples which are sent to analys
41、ts for testing) and also the laboratory procedure for taking out from the gross sample the various test specimens. In each case careful descriptions are included of the procedures to be followed when duplicate or triplicate samples are required because it is regarded as never satisfactory for one la
42、rger sample or test specimen to be drawn and then divided into two or three. The revised text of Appendix A dealing with sampling is also being made available separately, so that copies can easily be put in the hands of everyone likely to be directly concerned with the sampling of fillings for the c
43、leanliness tests required by BS 1425 which are also required by the Rag Flock and Other Filling Materials Regulations 1961 (S.I. 1961, No. 1389) and 1965 (S.I. 1965, No. 1437). A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are r
44、esponsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 23 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see co
45、pyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 24 07:59:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 1425:Supplement No. 1:1996 BSI 01-20001 Appendix A Sampling A
46、.1 Gross sample A sample of filling materials taken for the purpose of testing or inspection is commonly known as the gross sample. Such samples shall be not less than 1 lb (0.5 kg) in weight except in the case of down and feathers and man-made fibres, when the gross sample shall weigh not less than
47、 “ lb (0.23 kg). If the material is of such a nature that dust or short fibres tend to get separated from the filling, the person taking the sample shall take care to include a proper amount of such particles. The gross sample shall then be packed and sealed in a suitable package, e.g. a sampling en
48、velope, and sent (suitably protected from rain, etc.) to the laboratory where tests are to be made. Gross samples of layered materials supplied in rolls should be taken in the form of strips cut across the full width of the roll together with any backing or inter-leaving material, which should remai
49、n with the filling material until it reaches the analyst. A gross sample may be taken from a bulk stock or consignment of filling material or finished articles or, if the sampler deems it desirable, it may be taken from any one bag, bale or other package or finished article. It is recommended that an indication should be given on the sample bag if a sample has been taken only from one unit out of a considerable number. A.2 Sampling of loose material Loose material is defined as filling material in such a condition that a quantity of it has no inherent shape.