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1、BRITISH STANDARD CONFIRMED OCTOBER 1984 BS 3146-2: 1975 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Specification for Investment castings in metal Part 2: Corrosion and heat resisting steels, nickel and cobalt base alloys UDC 669 145 + 669.14.018.4.018.8 145 + 669.245 145 + 669.255 145 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun
2、sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 08:05:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3146-2:1975 This British Standard, having been approved by the Iron and Steel and the Non-ferrous Metals Industry Standards Committees, was published under the authority of the Executive Board on 30 May 1975 BSI 03-19
3、99 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference ISM/NFM/6 Draft for comment 73/43232 DC ISBN 0 580 08812 X Co-operating organizations The Iron and Steel and the Non-ferrous Metals Industry Standards Committees, under whose supervision this British Standard wa
4、s prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government departments and scientific and industrial organizations. The Iron and Steel Industry Standards Committee British Cast Iron Research AssociationInstitution of Mechanical Engineers British Constructional Steelwork Association(Automo
5、bile Division) British Ironfounders AssociationInstitution of Production Engineers British Mechanical Engineering ConfederationInstitution of Structural Engineers British Steel Industry*Lloyds Register of Shipping Concrete SocietyMinistry of Defence* Council of Ironfoundry AssociationsNational Assoc
6、iation of Drop Forgers Department of Employmentand Stampers Department of Industry (NPL)Oil Companies Materials Association Department of Trade (Marine Division)Process Plant Association Engineering Equipment Users AssociationRoyal Institute of British Architects Federation of Civil Engineering Cont
7、ractorsShipbuilders and Repairers Greater London CouncilNational Association Institute of British Foundrymen*Society of Motor Manufacturers and Institute of Iron and Steel Wire ManufacturersTraders Ltd.* Institute of Marine EngineersSteel Castings Research and Trade Association* Tin Research Institu
8、te The Non-ferrous Metals Industry Standards Committee Aluminium FederationInstitution of Production Engineers Association of Bronze and Brass Founders*Institution of Structural Engineers British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers Lead Development Association AssociationLight Metal Founders Associa
9、tion* British Lead Manufacturers AssociationLondon Metal Exchange British Non-ferrous Metals FederationMagnesium Industry Council British Non-ferrous Metals Technology CentreMinistry of Defence* British Steel Industry*National Brassfoundry Association Copper Development AssociationNon-ferrous Metal
10、Stockists Department of Trade (Marine Division)Post Office Electric Cable Makers ConfederationRoyal Institute of British Architects Institute of British Foundrymen*Society of Motor Manufacturers and Institution of Mechanical Engineers Traders Ltd.* (Automobile Division)Tin Research Institute Institu
11、tion of Mining and MetallurgyZinc Development Association The Government department and industrial organizations marked with an asterisk in the above lists, together with the following. were directly represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation of this British Standard. British Invest
12、ment Casters Technical Association. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments 4767March 1985Indicated by a sideline in the margin Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 08:05:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3146-2:1975 BSI 03-1999i Contents Pa
13、ge Co-operating organizationsInside front cover Forewordiii Section 1. General requirements 1Scope1 2References1 3Definitions1 4Information to be supplied by the purchaser2 5Method of manufacture2 6Freedom from contamination2 7Chemical composition2 8Tolerances3 9Freedom from defects3 10Heat treatmen
14、t3 11Provision and preparation of test samples3 12Tests3 13Retests4 14Non-destructive testing4 15Rectification of defects6 16Identification6 17Manufacturers certificate6 18The rounding of numbers rule6 Section 2. Specific requirements for investment castings in corrosion and heat resisting steels an
15、d nickel and cobalt base alloys Type ANC 1: 13 % chromium martensitic steel castings7 Type ANC 2: 18 % chromium 2 % nickel martensitic steel castings7 Type ANC 3: Austenitic 18 % chromium 10 % nickel steel castings8 Type ANC 4: Austenitic 18 % chromium, 11 % nickel 3 % molybdenum steel castings9 Typ
16、e ANC 5: Nickel chromium steel castings10 Type ANC 6: Chromium nickel steel castings10 Type ANC 8 : Nickel base 20 % chromium 0.4 % titanium castings11 Type ANC 9: Nickel base 20 % chromium 2.5 % titanium 1.2 % aluminium castings11 Type ANC 10: Nickel base 20 % chromium 16.5 % cobalt 2.4 % titanium
17、1.3 % aluminium castings12 Type ANC 11: Nickel base 21 % chromium 10 % cobalt 10 % molybdenum castings12 Type ANC 13: Cobalt base 26 % chromium 10 % nickel 7 % tungsten castings13 Type ANC 14: Cobalt base 27 % chromium 5.5 % molybdenum 2.7 % nickel castings13 Type ANC 15: Nickel base 28 % molybdenum
18、 castings13 Type ANC 16: Nickel base 7 % molybdenum 16.5 % chromium 4.5 % tungsten castings14 Type ANC 17: Nickel base 9 % silicon 3 % copper castings14 Type ANC 18: Nickel base 31 % copper, silicon castings14 Type ANC 19: Nickel base 20 % chromium, 7 % niobium, 6 % molybdenum, 3 % iron, 3 % tungste
19、n castings15 Type ANC 20: 14 % chromium, 5 % nickel, 2 % copper, 1 % molybdenum steel castings15 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 08:05:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3146-2:1975 ii BSI 03-1999 Page Type ANC 21: 26 % chromium, 5 % nickel, 3 % copper, 2 % molyb
20、denum steel castings16 Type ANC 22: 16 % chromium, 4 % nickel, 3 % copper steel castings17 Appendix A Stress unit conversion19 Figure 1 Types of test sample5 Publications referred to20 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 08:05:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3146-
21、2:1975 BSI 03-1999iii Foreword This Part of this British Standard, which has been prepared under the authority of the Iron and Steel and the Non-ferrous Metals Industry Standards Committees, has been revised to meet the needs of industry in the rapidly growing field of investment castings. The advan
22、tages of investment castings of the type described in this standard are the complexity of the shapes that can be cast, and the accurate approach to final form that can be obtained without a large amount of machining which may be difficult. The scope of the new edition has been enlarged and it is now
23、 being published in 4 parts. The other parts which complete the series are as follows: Part 1: Carbon and low alloy steel; Part 3: Vacuum melted alloys; Part 4: Non-ferrous alloys. It is intended that the Izod impact values given in section 2 of this Part will be replaced by Charpy V-notch impact va
24、lues when sufficient data are available. Stress unit conversions are given in Appendix A. Certification. Attention is drawn to the certification facilities described on the inside back cover of this standard. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract.
25、Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 20, an inside back cover an
26、d a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 08:05:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv blank L
27、icensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 08:05:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3146-2:1975 BSI 03-19991 Section 1. General requirements 1 Scope This Part of this British Standard specifies requirements for investment castings in corrosion and heat resisting steels and n
28、ickel and cobalt base alloys, complying with the general requirements of this section. and with the appropriate requirements of section 2. 2 References The titles of the British Standards referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this British
29、 Standard the following definitions apply. 3.1 investment casting the production of castings by a process which involves the investment of an expendable pattern with a refractory slurry 3.2 remelting stock metal supplied in cast or wrought form, the chemical composition of which has been established
30、 by analysis 3.3 melt the product of a single furnace charge used to produce castings or the amount of metal tapped from the furnace without any further addition of metal having been added to the furnace or ladle (when a continuous process is employed) excluding deoxidants 3.4 heat treatment batch c
31、astings of similar mass and dimensions produced from melts conforming to the same material specification and heat treated together the following heat treatment definitions apply martensitic corrosion and heat resisting stainless steels 3.5 annealing heating to and holding at a suitable temperature,
32、followed by cooling at a suitable rate for such purposes as: a) inducing softness b) improving machinability c) obtaining a desired structure d) removing stresses 3.6 hardening increasing the hardness of steel by quenching from a temperature within or above the austenite transformation range 3.7 tem
33、pering heating hardened or normalized steel to some temperature below the austenite transformation range, and holding for a suitable time at that temperature, followed by cooling at a suitable rate austenitic and precipitation hardening alloys 3.8 precipitation treatment (ageing) the heat treatment
34、of alloys to promote precipitation to produce optimum creep, or stress rupture and/or tensile characteristics. It may be accompanied by a change in hardness Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 08:05:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3146-2:1975 2 BSI 03-1999 3.9 sol
35、ution treatment the heat treatment of alloys normally intended for subsequent precipitation treatment, at a suitable temperature for sufficient time to ensure adequate solution of the precipitation phase(s), followed by cooling at a rate sufficient to retain the phase(s) in solution. The term is als
36、o associated with material in the softest condition 3.10 softening or annealing heat treatment the heat treatment designed to give a soft, ductile product and normally associated with recrystallization of the material NOTE 1The terms are generally applied to alloys not subjected to precipitation tre
37、atment. NOTE 2A “softening” treatment is sometimes applied to alloys which are suitable for precipitation treatment in order to eliminate the effect of cold work. This treatment may effect an incomplete solution of the precipitated phase(s). 4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser The followin
38、g information should be stated on the enquiry and order. A drawing of the part to be made should be supplied in appropriate cases. a) The number of this British Standard together with the type number and grade (if applicable) given in section 2, e.g. BS 3146/2 ANC 1/A. b) The condition in which the
39、castings are to be supplied. (See clause 10 and section 2.) c) Whether non-destructive testing is required and, if so, the details which have been agreed. (See clause 14.) d) Whether consultation is required before castings are rectified. (See clause 15.) e) Whether a certificate is required, giving
40、 details of analysis, mechanical testing and non-destructive testing, as appropriate. (See clause 17.) f) Whether the hardness of the castings is required for type ANC 1, type ANC 2 and type ANC 22. g) Any special requirements of the purchaser. 5 Method of manufacture The method and control of remel
41、ting stock shall be at the discretion of the melting stock manufacturer unless otherwise agreed between the founder and the melting stock manufacturer. The method and control of the manufacture of the castings shall be at the discretion of the founder unless otherwise agreed between the founder and
42、the purchaser. 6 Freedom from contamination All reasonable precautions shall be taken to prevent contamination during storage of materials used for the production of melts. 7 Chemical composition 7.1 Remelting stock. The composition of stock for remelting shall be within the limits of the relevant m
43、aterial specification unless otherwise stated on the founders order. Residual elements and other elements not listed in the relevant material specification shall not be added deliberately except for the purpose of finishing the cast. No further additions shall be made to the cast or melt after the f
44、inal analysis sample has been taken. The melting stock manufacturer shall supply to the founder the results of the analysis for those elements specified. Care should be taken to prevent contamination of the metal from preceding casts or melts. 7.2 Castings. The chemical composition of the castings s
45、hall conform to the appropriate material specification given in section 2. Residual elements and others not listed in the relevant material specification shall not be added deliberately except for the purpose of finishing the melt. All reasonable precautions shall be taken to prevent the addition of
46、 such elements arising from scrap or other materials used in the manufacture of the metal, and the purchaser by agreement with the founder may set a limit to one or more residual elements. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 08:05:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3
47、146-2:1975 BSI 03-19993 An analysis for residual elements is not normally carried out unless there is reason to suspect the presence of such elements in excessive amounts. Care shall be taken to ensure that contamination of the metal does not occur from preceding heats. If so stated on the enquiry a
48、nd order, the founder shall supply a certificate of the chemical analysis on a basis agreed between the founder and the purchaser. (See also clause 17.) 8 Tolerances The castings shall be within the dimensional tolerances as specified on the casting drawing or order. 9 Freedom from defects Castings
49、shall be free from harmful defects. Notwithstanding previous acceptance as complying with the requirements of this standard, any casting which is later found to contain harmful defects shall be rejected. Surface or superficial imperfections may be removed providing such rectification does not materially affect the strength, appearance or use for which the casting is intended. Any castings which have been subjected to rectification shall conform to such tolerances as are specified in clause 8. 10 Heat treatment In the case of allo