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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 7354:1990 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Code of practice for Design of high-voltage open-terminal stations Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 12:31:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7354:1990 This British Standard,
2、 having been prepared under the direction of the Power Electrical Engineering Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 30 November 1990 BSI 06-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference
3、PEL/92 Draft for comment 85/27094 DC ISBN 0 580 18876 0 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Power Electrical Engineering Standards Policy Committee (PEL/-) to Technical Committee PEL/92, upon which the following bodies were r
4、epresented: ASTA Certification Services Association of Manufacturers Allied to the Electrical and Electronic Industry (BEAMA Ltd.) British Railways Board Copper Development Association Department of the Environment (Property Services Agency) ERA Technology Ltd. Electricity Supply Industry in England
5、 and Wales GAMBICA (BEAMA Ltd.) Health and Safety Executive Transmission and Distribution Association (BEAMA Ltd.) The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: Association of Consulting Engineers Association of Supervisory and Executiv
6、e Engineers Electrical Installation Equipment Manufacturers Association (BEAMA Ltd.) Engineering Equipment and Materials Users Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issue Comments 7160July 1992Indicated by a sideline in the margin Licensed Copy: London South Bank University
7、, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 12:31:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7354:1990 BSI 07-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordiii Section 1. General 1.1Scope1 1.2Definitions1 1.3Relevant acts and regulations4 Section 2. Switching arrangements
8、 2.1General5 2.2Service continuity5 2.3Choice of switching arrangements5 Section 3. Busbar connection and structures 3.1General8 3.2Design parameters8 3.3Factor of safety9 3.4Insulators9 3.5Busbars and connections10 3.6Terminal fittings and clamps10 3.7Supporting structures10 Section 4. Main switchi
9、ng equipment 4.1General11 4.2Circuit-breakers11 4.3Disconnectors11 4.4Current transformers11 4.5Capacitive couplers and voltage transformers11 4.6Surge arresters12 Section 5. Layout 5.1General13 5.2 Clearances13 5.3Access for maintenance16 Section 6. Auxiliary equipment 6.1Battery systems17 6.2Press
10、urized air systems for operation of equipment17 6.3Mobile gas handling plant17 6.4A.C. supplies18 Section 7. Earthing 7.1Symbols20 7.2General20 7.3Earthing20 7.4Design considerations23 7.5Interconnecting two station grids28 Section 8. Control, indication and interlocking 8.1Control31 8.2Indication31
11、 8.3Interlocking31 Section 9. Marking and identification 9.1General33 9.2Phase marking of busbars and main connections33 9.3Equipment identification33 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 12:31:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7354:199
12、0 ii BSI 07-1999 Page 9.4Labels33 Section 10. Insulation co-ordination 10.1 General34 10.2 Selection of BIL34 10.3 The location and use of rod-gap protection34 10.4 Station direct lightning strike protection35 10.5 Selection of SIL (for highest voltage for equipment of 300 kV and above)35 Appendix A
13、 Limitation of work areas39 Appendix B Application of safety clearances39 Appendix C Notes on the provision of safety clearances and work sections39 Appendix D Example of an equipment item numbering system42 Figure 1 Commonly used switching arrangements6 Figure 2 Step voltage coefficient Cs29 Figure
14、 3 Allowance touch and step voltages30 Figure 4 Protection zones36 Figure 5 Station shielding for 0.1 % failure rate for inner zones only37 Figure 6 Outer type protective zones (for a single spike, for the outboard side of a row of spikes and for the outboard side of an array of earthwires)38 Figure
15、 7 Application of safety clearances40 Figure 8 Tertiary connected shunt reactor numbering and nomenclature47 Figure 9 Equipment numbering system48 Table 1 Relevant standards and documents2 Table 2 Analysis of service continuity7 Table 3 Clearances: practice used within UK15 Table 4 Clearances: inter
16、national practice16 Table 5 Typical loads19 Table 6 Maximum current density for earthing conductors and rods21 Table 7 Formulae for the calculation of the current to ground from metallic sheathed cables26 Table 8 Reduction of touch voltage due to interconnecting grids A and B, referred to the new st
17、ation (B) touch voltage28 Table 9 Station BIL35 Table 10 Summary of numbering system for 400 kV equipment, designated X46 Publication(s) referred toInside back cover Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 12:31:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c)
18、BSI BS 7354:1990 BSI 07-1999iii Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Power Electrical Engineering Standards Policy Committee. It supersedes BS 162:1961, which is withdrawn. This code of practice represents a standard of good practice and takes the form of recom
19、mendations. Attention is drawn to the following Regulations: a) The Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974; b) The Factories Act 1961; c) The Electricity at Work Regulations 1989; d) The Electricity Supply Regulations 1988. In a limited number of locations the Mines and Quarries Act 1954 may apply.
20、 It is essential that all persons responsible for electrical work or operation make themselves acquainted with the appropriate standing regulations and statutory regulations. It has been assumed in the drafting of this British Standard that the execution of its provisions will be entrusted to approp
21、riately qualified and experienced people for whose guidance it has been prepared. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself
22、 confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 54, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indi
23、cated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 12:31:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv blank Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 12:31:44 GM
24、T+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7354:1990 BSI 07-19991 Section 1. General 1.1 Scope 1.1.1 General This British Standard gives recommendations for the design of high-voltage open-terminal stations. This standard does not cover equipment included in installations for which separate standar
25、ds exist. Such equipment should comply with the relevant separate standards. Some relevant British Standards are listed in Table 1. 1.1.2 International practice Both UK and international practice concerning clearances are included in section 5. International practice is included to allow this standa
26、rd to be applied to installations designed in the UK for construction overseas. See also note 1 to 1.3. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. (See also Table 1.) 1.2 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard the definitions g
27、iven in BS 4727-2: Group 06 apply together with the following. 1.2.1 switchgear a general term covering switching devices and their combination with associated control, measuring, protective and regulating equipment and also assemblies of such devices and equipment with associated interconnections,
28、accessories, enclosures and supporting structures, intended in principle for use in connection with generation, transmission, distribution, and conversion of electric power 1.2.2 open-type switchgear switchgear in which the live parts are not provided with protective covers 1.2.3 outdoor open-type s
29、witchgear open-type switchgear suitable for installation in the open air, i.e. capable of withstanding wind, rain, snow, dirt deposits, condensation, ice and hoar-frost 1.2.4 indoor open-type switchgear open-type switchgear designed solely for installation within a building or other housing, where t
30、he open-type switchgear is protected against wind, rain, snow, abnormal dirt deposits, abnormal condensation, ice and hoar-frost 1.2.5 busbar a conductor forming a common electrical connection between a number of circuits 1.2.6 busbar connection a conductor forming the electrical connection between
31、a busbar and an individual piece of apparatus 1.2.7 connection a conductor other than a busbar or busbar connection which carries current to or from an individual piece of apparatus 1.2.8 clearance the distance between two conductive parts measured by a taut string 1.2.9 clearance to earth the clear
32、ance between any conductive parts and any parts which are earthed or intended to be earthed 1.2.10 clearance between poles the clearance between any conductive parts of adjacent poles 1.2.11 clearance between connections of the same pole the total clearance between parts of the same pole separable e
33、lectrically from each other by a mechanical switching device in the open position or by any other means 1.2.12 short-circuit the connection of two or more points of different poles or parts of a circuit through a negligible impedance 1.2.13 short-circuit current an overcurrent resulting from a short
34、-circuit due to a fault or an incorrect connection in an electric circuit 1.2.14 short-time withstand current (of a circuit) the current that a circuit or a switching device in the closed position can carry during a specified short time under prescribed conditions of use and behaviour Licensed Copy:
35、 London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 12:31:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7354:1990 2 BSI 07-1999 1.2.15 highest voltage for equipment (Um) the highest r.m.s. phase-to-phase voltage for which the equipment is designed in respect of its insulation
36、as well as other characteristics which relate to this voltage in the relevant equipment standards. This voltage is the maximum r.m.s. value of the highest voltage of the system for which the equipment may be used NOTEIn systems with highest voltage for equipment equal to or greater than 123 kV, this
37、 voltage Um in general does not materially differ from the highest value of the system operating voltage. Below 123 kV, the voltage Um may be higher than the highest system voltage, since each standard value of the voltage Um applies to different systems the nominal voltage of which may differ by as
38、 much as 20 % (for instance, Um = 24 kV covers both 20 kV and 22 kV), and having therefore different values of the highest system voltage. Table 1 Relevant standards and documents ItemReference Air compressor: code of practice Air conditioning of building: code of practice Air receivers: fusion weld
39、ed steel Batteries Batteries: maintenance code of practice Batteries: sulphuric acid Busbars Bushings Cable boxes for transformer Cable covers Cables: compression joints Cables: polyethylene, polypropylene and rubber Cables: mineral insulated Cables: telecommunications Cables: telecommunications (in
40、ternal) Cables: thermosetting insulator armoured Cables: 1 000 V, paper insulated aluminium covered Cables: up to 33 kV paper insulated lead covered Cables: power and lighting, PVC Cables: power and lighting, rubber Cables: up to 1 000 V, PVC for switchgear and controlgear Cable glands and sealing b
41、oxes for use in mines Cable sockets Capacitors: power Cathodic protection Conduit: steel Circuit-breakers: high-voltage Construction electrical supplies Contactors Cranes: safe use of Current transformers Disconnectors and earth switches Earthing Fire detection and alarm system Fire extinguishing in
42、stallations Flameproof enclosures Fuses Indicating lamp colours Instruments Insulating oil maintenance Insulation co-ordination guide: high-voltage Insulation co-ordination: low-voltage Insulation and fillings for overhead lines BS 6244 BS 5720 BS 5169 BS 397 and BS 6290 BS 6133 BS 3031 BS 159 BS 22
43、3 BS 2562 BS 2484 BS 4579 BS 6469 and BS 6899 BS 6207 BS 3573 BS 4808 BS 5467 BS 5593 BS 6480 BS 6004 BS 6007 BS 6231 BS 542 BS 91 BS 1650 CP 1021 BS 31 BS 5311 CP 1017 BS 775 and BS 5424 CP 3010 BS 3938 BS 5253 CP 1013 BS 5839 BS 5306 BS 229 BS 88, BS 2692 and BS 3036 BS 4099 BS 89 and BS 90 BS 573
44、0 BS 5622 PD 6499 BS 3288, BS 137, BS 5419 and BS 5253 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 12:31:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7354:1990 BSI 07-19993 Table 1 Relevant standards and documents 1.2.16 rated voltage for equipment the r
45、.m.s. phase-to-phase voltage by which the equipment is designated and to which certain operating characteristics of the equipment are related 1.2.17 basic insulation level (BIL) the voltage of the standard lightning impulse waveform that, under specified conditions, the insulation of a device is des
46、igned to withstand ItemReference Insulators post: guide Interference radio abatement: code of practice Interference radio measurement Intruder alarm signalling: code of practice Oil: insulating Ladders: fixed Lighting: emergency Lightning: protection of structures, code of practice Lightning arreste
47、rs Line traps Maintenance of switchgear/controlgear Meters Motors Motor starters and controllers Power line carrier systems Pressure vessel access openings Reactors Rectifier equipment (semiconductor) Relays Rubber mats Safety of machinery Safety isolating transformers Sealing compound Surge diverte
48、rs Switches above 1 kV Switches air breaker up to 1 kV Switchgear assemblies up to 1 kV Switchgear metal clad above 1 kV Switchgear protective enclosures Symbols Tap-changers: applications guide Tap-changers: on-load Telemetry and control signals Telephones: private Television cabling Terminals: mar
49、king of Terminology: switchgear and controlgear Testing of SF6 gas Transformer: current Transformer: loading of Transformer: oil gas analysis, guide Transformer: power Transformer: power application, guide Transformer: voltage Valves, etc. for compressed air installations BS 3297 BS 5602 BS 5049 BS 5979 BS 148 BS 4211 BS 5266 and BS 764 BS 6651 BS 2914 BS 4996 BS 6423, BS 6626 and BS 6867 BS 5685 BS 5000 BS 587 IEC 481 BS 470 BS 4944 BS 4417 BS 5992 and BS 142 BS 921 BS 5304 BS 3535 BS 1858 BS 2914 BS 5463 BS 5419 BS 5486 BS 5227 BS 5