《BS-7905-1-2001.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《BS-7905-1-2001.pdf（68页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 7905-1:2001 Lifting equipment for performance, broadcast and similar applications Part 1: Specification for the design and manufacture of above stage equipment (excluding trusses and towers) ICS 53.020.99 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Lice
2、nsed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 13:11:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7905-1:2001 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Cranes and derricks Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under th
3、e authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 13 December 2001 BSI 13 December 2001 The following BSI references relate to the work on this British Standard Committee reference MHE/3 Draft for comment 99/707811 DC ISBN 0 580 38306 7 Committees responsible for this British Standard Th
4、e preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee MHE/3, Cranes and derricks, to Subcommittee MHE/3/13, Lifting equipment for performance, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of British Theatre Technicians Broadcasting Entertainment Cinematograph a
5、nd Theatre Union Co-opted Members Health and Safety Executive Lifting Equipment Engineers Association Professional Lighting and Sound Association Safety Assessment Federation Ltd. Theatres Advisory Council Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComment Licensed Copy: London South Bank Univ
6、ersity, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 13:11:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7905-1:2001 BSI 13 December 2001 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2Normative references1 3Terms and definitions2 4Structural integrity7 5Components7 6Ma
7、chinery24 7Traverse equipment (tracks, trolleys, etc.)30 8Lifting machines32 9Flying of performers46 10Controls47 11Marking52 12Documentation and information54 Annex A (informative) Examples of loading notices57 Annex B (informative) Relationship between the definitions in BS 7905-160 Annex C (infor
8、mative) Discussion of “safety factor”61 Bibliography63 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 13:11:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7905-1:2001 ii BSI 13 December 2001 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Subcom
9、mittee MHE/3/13. It does not supersede any previous British Standard. As with all British Standards for lifting equipment, the primary object of this specification is to ensure reliability and safety without placing restrictions on the general design of lifting or the methods employed in constructio
10、n. This Standard is Part 1 of a two part standard: Part 1: Specification for the design and manufacture of above stage equipment (excluding trusses and towers); Part 2: Specification for design and manufacture of aluminium and steel trusses and towers. This standard is not intended as a Code of Prac
11、tice for the use of the equipment; the BS 7906 series deals with this. Annex A, Annex B and Annex C are informative. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a
12、British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Attention is drawn to the following statutory regulations: The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations (PUWER) 1998 1; The Lifting Operation and Lifting Equipment Regulations (LOLER) 1998 2; The Supply of Machinery (
13、Safety) Regulations 1992 as amended 3. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to ii, pages 1 to 62, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Licensed Copy: L
14、ondon South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 13:11:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7905-1:2001 BSI 13 December 2001 1 1 Scope This British Standard specifies requirements for the design and manufacture of components and systems used to lift and traverse equi
15、pment and personnel for the following applications: a) film; b) television; c) theatre and similar entertainment events; d) conferences and exhibitions. Lifts and elevators are not covered by this standard. Nothing in this standard is intended to replace the requirements of The Provision and Use of
16、Work Equipment Regulations (PUWER) 1, The Lifting Operation and Lifting Equipment Regulations (LOLER) 2 and The Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations 1992 as amended 3. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions that, through reference in this text, constitute pro
17、visions of this part of this British Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to apply. BS 46-1, Keys and keyways and taper pins Part 1: Specification for
18、keys and keyways. BS 228, Specification for short-pitch transmission precision roller chains and chain wheels. (ISO 606) BS 1290, Specification for wire rope slings and sling legs for general lifting purposes. BS 2573 (all parts), Rules for the design of cranes. BS 2853, Specification for the design
19、 and testing of steel overhead runway beams. BS 3266, Specification for thimbles for natural fibre rope. BS 3481-2, Flat lifting slings Part 2: Specification for flat woven webbing slings made of man-made fibre for general service. BS 4235-1, Specification for metric keys and keyways Part 1: Paralle
20、l and taper keys. BS 4429, Specification for rigging screws and turnbuckles for general engineering, lifting purposes and pipe hanger applications. BS 5281, Specification for ferrule-secured eye terminations for wire rope. BS 6166-3, Lifting slings Part 3: Guide to the selection and safe use of lift
21、ing slings for multi-purposes. BS 6570, Code of practice for the selection, care and maintenance of steel wire ropes. BS 6668-2, Textile lifting slings Part 2: Specification for round slings made of man-made fibre for general service. BS 7671, Requirements for electrical installations IEE Wiring Reg
22、ulations. BS 7905-2, Lifting equipment for performance, broadcast and similar applications Part 2: Specification for design and manufacture of aluminium and steel trusses and towers. BS 7909, Code of practice for design and installation of temporary distribution systems delivering a.c. electrical su
23、pplies for lighting, technical services and other entertainment related purposes. BS EN 292, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design. BS EN 364, Personal protective equipment against falls from a height Test methods. BS EN 418, Safety of machinery Emergency stop equipment,
24、functional aspects Principles for design. BS EN 795, Protection against falls from a height Anchor devices Requirements and testing. BS EN 818 (all parts), Short link chain for lifting purposes. BS EN 1677 (all parts), Components for slings. BS EN 20898 (all parts), Mechanical properties of fastener
25、s. BS EN 60204-1, Safety of machinery. Electrical equipment of machines Part 1: Specification for general requirements. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 13:11:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7905-1:2001 2 BSI 13 December 2001 BS I
26、SO 6336 (all parts), Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears. DIN 6899:1988, Steel thimbles for fibre ropes. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of this British Standard the following terms and definitions apply1). 3.1 anchorage fixture forming the interface between
27、the temporary or permanent supporting structure and other items of lifting equipment, by means of which the loads are transmitted into the supporting structure NOTESometimes referred to as “hanging point” or “suspension point”. 3.2 bar length of tube or other section, usually steel or aluminium, to
28、which loads are attached NOTESometimes referred to as “barrel” or “pipe”. 3.3 bottom limit means for preventing lowering below the working range of travel 3.4 certified identified and supplied with a certificate signifying compliance with the standard and/or the appropriate load (this includes test
29、details if appropriate) 3.5 competent person person who has such practical and theoretical knowledge and such experience as is necessary to carry out their work and is aware of the limits of his/her own competence, expertise and knowledge 3.6 controlled stop stop at a predetermined rate 3.7 D:d rati
30、o pitch circle diameter of the pulley or winding drum divided by the diameter of the rope 3.8 duality ability of a system to maintain the position or intended movement of a load when there is failure of any one component in that system 3.9 dynamic working coefficient breaking load of a component div
31、ided by the sum of the maximum static and dynamic loads applied to that component 3.10 emergency stop device that causes a controlled stop as quickly as safely possible and which overrides all other controls 3.11 ferrule aluminium, copper or steel sleeve compressed by dies or swages onto a wire rope
32、 to form a permanent termination NOTESometimes referred to as “crimp”, “swage” or “sleeve”. 1) See also Annex B. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 13:11:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7905-1:2001 BSI 13 December 2001 3 3.12 fleet
33、angle angle of deflection of rope as it leaves a drum or pulley NOTESee Figure 27. 3.13 hoist lifting machine (including lighting hoist, chain hoist, winch, power hoist and flying bar) 3.14 hook clamp lifting accessory used to support lighting and similar equipment hanging from bars 3.15 “in view” f
34、lying wire wire that can be seen by the audience, and which for artistic reasons needs to be as thin as practicably possible without compromising safety 3.16 karabiner connector with a lockable, self-closing and load bearing gate 3.17 lifting accessory component or equipment separate from the liftin
35、g machine and placed between the lifting machine and the load or on the load to attach it NOTELifting accessories are not capable of providing movement. 3.18 lifting machine machine which is intended to raise, lower and suspend materials or persons 3.19 lifting system assembly of lifting machines an
36、d accessories 3.20 load suspended item or force related to mass 3.20.1 alternating load force which is applied sometimes in one direction and then in the opposite direction 3.20.2 axial load force in line with axis, e.g. the axis could be the centre line of a hydraulic cylinder 3.20.3 dead load forc
37、e arising at any part of a system at rest due to mass in the system and excluding any forces due to live load (see 3.20.7) 3.20.4 design load prevailing force according to design 3.20.5 dynamic load force arising at any part of a system due to acceleration or deceleration of mass Licensed Copy: Lond
38、on South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 13:11:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7905-1:2001 4 BSI 13 December 2001 3.20.6 imposed load equivalent to live load (see 3.20.7) 3.20.7 live load mass attached to lifting system NOTESometimes called “payload”. 3.20.
39、8 minimum breaking load applied force below which an item will not break 3.20.9 overload live load greater than the safe working load 3.20.10 point load force applied at one place 3.20.11 service load force expected during normal use 3.20.12 shock load force generated during impact 3.20.13 specific
40、load force that is specified 3.20.14 static load force imposed on a part of a system when at rest 3.20.15 uniformly distributed load (UDL) force evenly spread over the force withstanding item 3.20.16 safe working load (SWL) maximum mass that is permitted to be raised, lowered or suspended 3.20.17 wo
41、rking load limit (WLL) maximum permitted mass that equipment is designed to lift, as specified by the equipment manufacturer 3.20.18 load bearing withstanding of force, e.g. a load bearing beam is a beam which withstands force due to loading 3.20.19 load capacity amount of force sustainable by desig
42、n 3.20.20 load factor arbitrary factor established and tabulated relative to force Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 13:11:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7905-1:2001 BSI 13 December 2001 5 3.20.21 load path assembly of items conne
43、cted to one another to withstand force whereby each item is subjected to force due to the load considered 3.20.22 load testing application of known force to assess integrity of equipment 3.21 maximum speed designed top speed of operation 3.22 permanent not intended to be dismantled or decommissioned
44、 during the life of the product, except for servicing NOTESee 3.35 for definition of temporary. 3.23 personnel flying lifting, lowering or suspension of an artiste in performance, to give the impression of levitation or flying 3.24 pitch circle effective circle of rolling without slip between transm
45、itting elements 3.25 range of travel designed distance between the highest and lowest positions 3.26 rope diameter diameter of the smallest circle that can encompass all strands of a rope 3.27 rope lock device to hold a rope by means of friction 3.28 safety bond form of secondary suspension that is
46、capable of arresting the fall of an individual item of equipment when there has been a dislocation of its primary attachment to the lifting system 3.29 safety factor minimum breaking load of a component divided by the maximum designed static load NOTESafety factor is also known as “working coefficie
47、nt” (see Annex C for discussion). Figure 1 Pitch circle Pitch circle diameter Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 13:11:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7905-1:2001 6 BSI 13 December 2001 3.30 static test test during which machinery o
48、r a component is subjected to the loading equivalent to the SWL multiplied by a static test coefficient 3.31 static test coefficient factor applied during a static load test to allow for dynamic loading NOTEStatic test coefficient has the following minimum values: a) 1.5 for manually operated machin
49、ery and lifting accessories; b) 1.25 for other machinery. 3.32 Stress 3.32.1 ultimate stress force required to pull material apart divided by original cross-sectional area (see BS EN 10002-1) 3.32.2 yield stress minimum force required to pull material, such that the unloaded length is increased after removal of the force; divided by the original cross-sectional area (see BS EN 10002-1) 3.33 swivel device that enables one part to turn relative to the other part while axially loa