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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12275:1998 The Euro
2、pean Standard EN 12275:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 97.220.40 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Mountaineering equipment Connectors Safety requirements and test methods Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 14:33:22 GMT+00:00 200
3、6, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 12275:1998 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Consumer Products and Services Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 December 1998 BSI 1998 ISBN 0 580 30364 0 Am
4、endments issued since publication Amd. No.DateText affected National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 12275:1998. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee SW/136, Sports, playground and other recreational equipment, to Subcommit
5、tee SW/136/5, Mountaineering equipment, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European de
6、velopments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards
7、 Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index, or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their
8、 correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheff
9、ieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 14:33:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by a
10、ny means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12275:1998 E EUROPEAN STANDARDEN 12275 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM August 1998 ICS 97.220.40 Descriptors: sports equipment, mountaineering, connectors, definitions, safety, specifications, equipment specifications, mechanical
11、strength, tests, information, marking English version Mountaineering equipment Connectors Safety requirements and test methods Equipement dalpinisme et descalade Connecteurs Exigences de se curite et me thodes dessai Bergsteigerausru stung Karabiner Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Pru fverfa
12、hren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 July 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical r
13、eferences concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN membe
14、r into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portug
15、al, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 14:33:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 2 EN 12275:1998 BSI 1998 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136, Sports, playground and othe
16、r recreational equipment, the Secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 1999, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the lates
17、t by February 1999. The text is based on UIAA-Standard C (Union Internationale des Associations dAlpinisme), which has been prepared with international participation. This standard is one of a package of standards for mountaineering equipment, see annex B. This European Standard has been prepared un
18、der a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this standard. Annexes A, B and ZA of this European Sta
19、ndard are for information only. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxe
20、mbourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword2 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Definitions3 3.1connector3 3.2self-closing connector3 3.3basic connector (type B)3 3.4HMS connector (type H)3 3.5Klettersteig connector (type K)3 3.6direc
21、tional connector (type D)3 3.7specific anchor connector (type A)3 3.8screwed-closure connector (Quicklink; type Q)3 3.9oval connector (type X)3 3.10 gate3 3.11 self-closing gate3 3.12 gate-locking device3 3.13 gate-open latch3 4Safety requirements5 4.1Design5 4.2Performance6 5Test methods7 5.1Appara
22、tus7 5.2Preparation of test samples7 5.3Procedure7 6Information to be supplied8 7Marking10 Annex A (informative) Effect of connector shape on major axis gate-open strength11 Annex B (informative) Standards on mountaineering equipment12 Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard address
23、ing essential requirements or other provisions of EU Directives12 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 14:33:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 3 EN 12275:1998 BSI 1998 1 Scope This standard specifies safety requirements and test methods for connectors for use in mo
24、untaineering including climbing. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references,
25、subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 20139, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and te
26、sting. (ISO 139:1973). 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 connector openable device, which enables a mountaineer to link himself directly or indirectly to an anchor 3.2 self-closing connector connector with a self-closing gate 3.3 basic connector (t
27、ype B) self-closing connector with adequate strength for use anywhere in a belay system, see Figure 1 3.4 HMS connector (type H) self-closing connector generally pear shaped intended to be used primarily for dynamic belaying, for example using an Italian hitch (HMS), see Figure 2 3.5 Klettersteig co
28、nnector (type K) self-closing connector intended to be used primarily for linking a mountaineer to a Klettersteig anchor (via ferrata) system, see Figure 3 3.6 directional connector (type D) self-closing connector, or a combination of one or more self-closing connectors and slings, designed to ensur
29、e loading in a predetermined direction, see Figure 4 3.7 specific anchor connector (type A) self-closing connector designed only to be linked directly to a specific type of anchor, see Figure 5 3.8 screwed-closure connector (Quicklink; type Q) connector which is closed by a screw-motion gate, which
30、is a load bearing part of the connector when fully screwed up, see Figure 6 3.9 oval connector (type X) self-closing connector designed for lower loads, which is not designed to give full protection in the event of a fall, see Figure 7 3.10 gate part of the connector which can be moved to open it. T
31、he gate can move by pivoting about a hinge (hinged gate), or by a sliding motion (sliding gate) or by a screw motion (screw-motion gate) 3.11 self-closing gate gate which moves automatically to the closed position when released from any open position, or when unlatched, if there is a gate-open latch
32、 3.12 gate-locking device mechanism which reduces the possibility of a closed gate being opened inadvertently. A gate-locking device can operate automatically (to the locked position) or be operated manually 3.13 gate-open latch device which holds the gate in the fully-open position and is actuated
33、by a deliberate manual action Figure 1 Example of basic connector (type B) Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 14:33:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 4 EN 12275:1998 BSI 1998 Figure 2 Example of HMS connector (type H) Figure 3 Example of a Klettersteig connector
34、(type K) Figure 4 Example of directional connector (type D) Figure 5 Example of a specific anchor connector (type A) Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 14:33:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 5 EN 12275:1998 BSI 1998 Figure 6 Example of a screwed-closure connecto
35、r (Quicklink; type Q) Figure 7 Example of an oval connector (type X) 4 Safety requirements 4.1 Design 4.1.1 All edges of a connector that can come into contact with the users hands and/or combinable components such as ropes, slings, accessory cords and harnesses, shall be free from burrs. 4.1.2 Conn
36、ectors of type X shall be roughly symmetrical in outline about the longitudinal centre line. They shall have a minimum radius of curvature of 12 mm at the inner surface of the larger end. 4.1.3 Connectors of type H shall have a gate-locking device, but shall not have a gate-open latch. 4.1.4 Connect
37、ors of type K shall have an automatic gate-locking device. 4.1.5 Connectors of types A and D shall be so designed that the line of application of the load to the connector is uniquely defined. 4.1.6 Connectors of types B, H, D and X shall have a gate opening of at least 15 mm. 4.1.7 Connectors of ty
38、pe K shall have a gate opening of at least 21 mm. 4.1.8 Connectors of types B, D, H and X shall be able to accommodate in region A in accordance with Figure 8 two ropes of 11 mm nominal diameter, without hindering the movement of the gate between the closed and fully open positions. 4.1.9 Connectors
39、 of type K shall be able to accommodate in region A in accordance with Figure 9 a metal rod of 21 mm nominal diameter, without hindering the movement of the gate between the closed and fully open positions. 4.1.10 Connectors of type Q shall require at least four complete rotations of the screw-motio
40、n gate from the fully screwed up position to disengagement of the threads. There shall be a clearly visible indication if the gate is not in the fully screwed up position, for example by the visibility of threads or visibility of a contrasting coloured region. 4.1.11 Any hinged gate shall only open
41、inwards, towards the body of the connector, but the gate can open at up to 20 degrees from the plane of the connector. 4.1.12 A gate-open latch shall be designed to latch the gate open, only in its fully open position. The latch shall unlatch the gate automatically, either by attachment of the conne
42、ctor to an anchor, or by loading the connector. 4.1.13 A manual gate-locking device shall require a deliberate manual action to lock the gate, and shall require at least two different actions to open the gate. 4.1.14 An automatic gate-locking device shall lock the gate automatically when the gate sh
43、uts, and shall require at least two different actions to open the gate. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 14:33:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 6 EN 12275:1998 BSI 1998 Dimensions in millimetres 1)Region A Figure 8 Region A for types B, D, H and X Dimensions i
44、n millimetres 1)Region A Figure 9 Region A for type K 4.2 Performance 4.2.1 Static strength 4.2.1.1 Major axis with gate closed When tested in accordance with 5.3.2.1.3, connectors, in the major axis with the gate closed, shall withstand the loads specified in Table 1 without breaking. Permanent def
45、ormation which affects the operation of the connector is acceptable. 4.2.1.2 Major axis with gate open When tested in accordance with 5.3.2.1.3, connectors, in the major axis with the gate open, shall withstand the loads specified in Table 1 without breaking. Permanent deformation which affects the
46、operation of the connector is acceptable. NOTEIn practice, if loaded with the gate open, connectors can fail at a lower load than that obtained by the method of test specified in 5.3.2.1.3. Further information on this is given in annex A. For connectors with automatic gate-locking devices, and for s
47、crewed-closure connectors (type Q), there is no requirement for this test. 4.2.1.3 Minor axis When tested in accordance with 5.3.2.1.4, connectors, in the minor axis with the gate closed, shall withstand the loads specified in Table 1 without breaking. For connectors of types D and A, there is no re
48、quirement for this test. 4.2.2 Gate forces 4.2.2.1 Self-closing gates When tested in accordance with 5.3.2.2, the force required to open the gate to give a 3 mm opening, shall be greater than 5 N. When released from any open position, or unlatched if there is a gate-open latch, the gate shall return
49、 to the fully closed position. 4.2.2.2 Gate-open latches When tested in accordance with 5.3.2.2.3.1, the minimum force required to latch the gate open shall not be less than 10 N. When tested in accordance with 5.3.2.2.3.2 the force required to be applied to the connector to unlatch the gate shall not be greater than 15 N. 4.2.2.3 Gate performance under load For connectors of types B, D and X, not fitted with a device intended to lock the gate closed under load, when tested in accordance with 5.3.2.2.4, under a n