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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12693:2008 Refrigerating systems and heat pumps Safety and environmental requirements Positive displacement refrigerant compressors ICS 23.140; 27.080 ? BS EN 12693:2008 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 3
2、1 July 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 57424 5 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12693:2008. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RHE/18, Refrigeration safety. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtai
3、ned on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicatio
4、n DateComments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12693 May 2008 ICS 23.140; 27.080 English Version Refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental requirements - Positive displacement refrigerant compressors Systmes de rfrigration et pompes chaleur - Exigences de s
5、curit et denvironnement - Compresseurs volumtriques pour fluides frigorignes Klteanlagen und Wrmepumpen - Sicherheitstechnische und umweltrelevante Anforderungen - Verdrngerverdichter fr Kltemittel This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 April 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the
6、CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre o
7、r to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official ve
8、rsions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
9、 Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN natio
10、nal Members. Ref. No. EN 12693:2008: E EN 12693:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction.4 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references5 3 Terms and definitions .7 3.6 Symbols8 4 List of significant hazards 10 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures12 5.1 General12 5.2 Protection of moving parts
11、.12 5.3 Safety to prevent loss of stability 12 5.4 Safety during handling12 5.5 Safety to prevent rupture or bursting12 5.6 Electrical safety14 5.7 Measures to reduce emissions of substances.16 6 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures .16 6.1 General16 6.2 Type test .17 6.3 I
12、ndividual test.19 7 Marking, graphical symbols, written warnings.20 7.1 General20 7.2 Marking.21 7.3 Graphical symbols, written warnings and information22 8 Documentation and information for the user .22 8.1 General22 8.2 Instruction handbook22 Annex A (informative) Basic design criteria for refrige
13、rant compressors24 Annex B (normative) Procedure for the design of a refrigerant compressor.25 Annex C (normative) Materials 28 Annex D (normative) Determination of the allowable pressure at the maximum operating temperature30 Annex E (normative) Determination of the allowable pressure at minimum op
14、erating temperature (requirements to avoid brittle fracture) .31 Annex F (informative) Compilation of material characteristics of often used materials .37 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC61 Annex ZB (informativ
15、e) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC.62 Bibliography63 BS EN 12693:2008 EN 12693:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12693:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 182 “Refrigerating systems, safety and environmental
16、requirements“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by Novemb
17、er 2008. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directives 98/37/EC and 2006/42/EC. For relationship with EU Directive(s) see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are a
18、n integral part of this document. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, t
19、he national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, N
20、orway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN 12693:2008 EN 12693:2008 (E) 4 Introduction This standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazar
21、dous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have b
22、een designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. 1 Scope This standard applies to positive displacement refrigerant compressors for stationary and mobile refrigerating systems and heat pumps defined in 3.1, hereafter called compressors. It applies for compressors used in c
23、ommercial and industrial appliances and with electrical energy supply including integral motors, up to 1 000 VAC and 1 500 VDC. It applies to open drive, semi hermetic and hermetic motor compressors, which contain a positive compression function. This standard is not applicable to: compressors used
24、in household appliance for which EN 60335-2-34 applies; compressors using water or air as refrigerant. This standard does not deal with requirements for vibration and noise. NOTE 1 Compressors for automotive comfort air conditioning systems can be developed according e.g. SAE J 639. NOTE 2 Noise emi
25、ssion depends on the complete installation of the built-in compressors and the corresponding operating conditions. For semi-hermetic and open drive compressors which include moving parts and for which the external envelope is primarily designed for mechanical loads, thermal loads (to limit the possi
26、ble deformation due to temperature), stiffness of the structure (external mechanical loads and weight of the equipment), taking into account established safe industrial practice, it is considered that pressure is not a significant design factor. Attached parts covering other functions e.g. oil separ
27、ators, oil coolers, suction accumulators shall comply to EN 14276-1 or EN 13445-6 (cast iron) or EN 13445-8 (aluminium) or showing compliance to the relevant European requirements. This applies also to shells for hermetic compressors either welded or with any kind of permanent joint. Requirements fo
28、r compressors used in explosive atmospheres are not covered by this standard. NOTE 3 For further guidance see EN 13463-1. This standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to compressors, when they are used as intended and under conditions for misuse which ar
29、e reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). BS EN 12693:2008 EN 12693:2008 (E) 5 This standard specifies safety requirements for the design, construction, manufacture and testing, documentation and marking of compressors, including integral accessories, e.g. shut-off valve, if neces
30、sary. The requirements in this standard take account of the intended use, as defined in 3.12 of EN ISO 12100- 1:2003. This standard relates to the compressor itself which is to be incorporated in a refrigerating system. This standard is not applicable to compressors as defined in the scope which are
31、 manufactured before the date of publication as EN. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
32、 any amendments) applies. EN 287-1, Qualification test of welders Fusion welding Part 1: Steels EN 294, Safety of machinery Safety distance to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs EN 378-1:2008, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps Safety and environmental requirements Part 1: Basic
33、 requirements, definitions, classification and selection criteria EN 378-2:2008, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps Safety and environmental requirements Part 2: Design, construction, testing, marking and documentation EN 378-3, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps Safety and environmental require
34、ments Part 3: Installation site and personal protection EN 378-4, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps Safety and environmental requirements Part 4: Operation, maintenance, repair and recovery EN 837-1, Pressure gauges Part 1: Bourdon tube pressure gauges Dimensions, metrology, require- ments and te
35、sting EN 837-3, Pressure gauges Part 3: Diaphragm and capsule pressure gauges Dimensions, metrology, requirements and testing EN 953, Safety of machinery Guards General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards EN 1050, Safety of Machinery Principles for risk assessmen
36、t EN 1515 (all parts), Flanges and their joints Bolting EN 1561, Founding Grey cast irons EN 1563, Founding Spheroidal graphite cast irons EN 1779, Non-destructive testing Leak testing Criteria for method and technique selection EN 10045-1, Metallic materials Charpy impact test Part 1: Test method B
37、S EN 12693:2008 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS EN 12693:2008 (E) 6 EN 10204, Metallic products Types of inspection documents EN 12178, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps Liquid level indicating devices Requirements, testing and marking EN 12516-2, Industrial valve
38、s Shell design strength Part 2: Calculation method for steel valve shells EN 13136:2001, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps Pressure relief devices and their associated piping Methods for calculation EN 13445-2:2002, Unfired pressure vessels Part 2: Materials EN 13445-3, Unfired pressure vessels P
39、art 3: Design EN 20898 (all parts), Mechanical properties of fasteners EN 60034-1:2004, Electrical rotating machinery Part 1: Rating and performance (IEC 60034-1:2004) EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:2005, modified) EN 6
40、0335-2-34, Household and similar electrical appliances Safety Part 2-34: Particular requirements for motor-compressors (IEC 60335-2-34:2002) EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989) EN 60947-4-1, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 4-1: Contactors and
41、 motor-starters Electromechanical contactors and motor-starters (IEC 60947-4-1:2000) EN 60999 (all parts), Connecting Devices Electrical copper conductors Safety requirements for srew- type and screwless-type clamping units EN 61010-1, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, co
42、ntrol and laboratory use Part 1: General requirements (IEC 61010-1:2001) EN ISO 898 (all parts), Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel EN ISO 4126-2, Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure Part 2: Bursting disc safety devices (ISO 4126-2:2003) EN I
43、SO 9606-2, Qualification test of welders Fusion welding Part 2: Aluminium and aluminium alloys (ISO 9606-2:2004) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery B
44、asic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) EN ISO 15607, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials General rules (ISO 15607:2003) EN ISO 15614-1, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic ma
45、terials Welding procedure test Part 1: Arc and gas welding of steels and arc welding of nickel and nickel alloys (ISO 15614-1:2004) EN ISO 15614-2, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials Welding procedure test Part 2: Arc welding of aluminium and its alloys (ISO
46、 15614-2:2005) BS EN 12693:2008 EN 12693:2008 (E) 7 CR ISO 15608:2000, Welding Guidelines for a metallic material grouping system (ISO/TR 15608:2000) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 378-1:2008, EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following app
47、ly. NOTE All pressures are gauge pressures unless otherwise specified. 3.1 positive displacement compressor compressor in which compression is obtained by changing the internal volume of the compression chamber 3.2 specified maximum allowable pressure, PS maximum allowable pressure as stated by the
48、compressor manufacturer 3.3 specified maximum allowable standstill pressure, PSs maximum allowable value for the equalisation pressure in the compressor as stated by the compressor manufacturer NOTE 1 This pressure corresponds to different maximum permissible ambient temperatures for different refri
49、gerants (see 6.5.2). NOTE 2 PSS PS 3.4 compressor overflow device device specifically intended to protect the compressor against bursting caused by abnormal conditions, e.g. the discharge valve shut. The device relieves from the high pressure/intermediate side of the compressor to a lower pressure side NOTE The device may be a bursting disc or may be a spring loaded over