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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12640:2001 The Euro
2、pean Standard EN 12640:2000 has the status of a British Standard ICS 43.080.10; 55.180.99 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Securing of cargo on road vehicles Lashing points on commercial vehicles for goods transportation Minimum requirements and testing Licensed
3、 Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 08:24:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Consumer Products and Services Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effec
4、t on 15 February 2001 BSI 02-2001 ISBN 0 580 37067 4 BS EN 12640:2001 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12640:2000. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committ
5、ee TW/1, Freight containers and swap bodies, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and Europe
6、an developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standar
7、ds Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index, or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for the
8、ir correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displ
9、ayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 08:24:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12640 July 2000 ICS 43.080.10; 55.180.99 English version Securing of carg
10、o on road vehicles Lashing points on commercial vehicles for goods transportation Minimum requirements and testing Arrimage des charges bord des vhicules routiers Points darrimage bord des vhicules utilitaires pour le transport des marchandises Prescriptions minimales et essais Ladungssicherung auf
11、Straenfahrzeugen Zurrpunkte an Nutzfahrzeugen zur Gterbefrderung Mindestanforderungen und Prfung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 June 2000. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the
12、status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German).
13、 A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finlan
14、d, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
15、 2000 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12640:2000 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 08:24:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 2 EN 12640:2000 BSI 02-2001 Contents Page Foreword 3
16、1 Scope 4 2 Terms and definitions 4 2.1 Lashing point . 4 2.2 Lashing equipment 4 2.3 Angle of inclination 4 2.4 Angle of rotation ? ? ? ? 4 3 Identification . 4 4 Requirements . 5 4.1 Design requirements . 5 4.2 Number and layout of the lashing points . 5 4.3 Strength of the lashing points . 7 4.4
17、Verification . 7 5 Testing 7 6 Marking . 7 Annex A (informative) Example of calculation . 8 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 08:24:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 3 EN 12640:2000 BSI 02-2001 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Commi
18、ttee CEN/TC 119, Swap bodies for combined goods transport, the Secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2001, and conflicting national standards
19、 shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2001. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, I
20、reland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Annex A is informative. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 08:24:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 4 EN 12640:2000 BSI 02-2001 1Scope This standard specif
21、ies the minimum requirements and test methods for lashing points fitted to commercial vehicles and trailers with flatbed body construction of maximum total mass above 3,5 t and intended for general use. The standard does not apply to: ? vehicles designed and constructed exclusively for the transport
22、ation of bulk materials; ? vehicles designed and constructed exclusively for the transportation of specific cargo with particular securing requirements. 2Terms and definitions For the purpose of this standard the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1lashing point securing device on a vehicle, t
23、o which a lashing may be directly attached A lashing point can be e.g. an oval link, a hook, a ring, a lashing shoulder. 2.2lashing equipment device designed to be attached to the lashing points in order to secure the cargo on the vehicle. The lashing equipment consists of tensioning elements (e.g.
24、belt, chain, cable), tensioning device (e.g. wrench, ratchet, spanner, tension jack) and connections, if required (e.g. hook, eyelet) 2.3angle of inclination angle between a vertical line through the lashing point and the direction of application of the lashing force (see Figure 1) 2.4Angle of rotat
25、ion ? ? ? ? smallest angle between a plane through the lashing point parallel to the vehicles longitudinal centre plane and a vertical plane through the direction of application of the lashing force (see Figure 1) 3 Identification To comply with this standard the lashing points shall be identified b
26、y reference to the number of this standard and the permissible tensile load according to 4.3. EXAMPLE: Identification of a lashing point for a permissible tensile load of e.g. 20 kN: lashing point EN 12640-20. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 08:24:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontroll
27、ed Copy, (c) BSI Page 5 EN 12640:2000 BSI 02-2001 4 Requirements 4.1Design requirements 4.1.1Lashing points shall be designed so that they transmit the forces they receive into the structural elements of the vehicle. They shall be fixed in the loading platform and in the vertical front end wall. In
28、their position of rest they shall not project above the horizontal level of the loading platform nor beyond the vertical surface of the front end wall into the loading space. NOTE: The recesses in the loading platform required to accommodate the lashing points should be as small as possible. 4.1.2La
29、shing points shall be designed to accommodate lashing forces applied from any direction within the conical area determined as follows (see Figure 1): ? angle of inclination from 0 to 60; ? angle of rotation () from 0 to 180 for lashing points with a transverse distance from the side wall and the las
30、hing points 50 mm; ? angle of rotation () from 0 to 360 for lashing points within a transverse distance from the side wall and the lashing points 50 mm but 250 mm. 4.1.3If the lashing point has a round inside profile then the useable inside diameter shall be ? 40 mm. If it is oval then the clearance
31、 in the most unfavourable angle position shall have a width of ? 25 mm and a length of ? 40 mm. The material cross section of the ring or of an oval link shall fit into a circle with a diameter of ? 18 mm (see Figure 2). Rings which can move around their complete perimeter when lashed shall not be p
32、ermitted. 4.1.4 The lashing points shall be designed so as not to compromise the splash protection and the customs security of the cargo area. 4.2 Number and layout of the lashing points 4.2.1Lashing points on the floor 4.2.1.1 The number of lashing points shall be determined by the highest result o
33、f the following: ? length of the loading platform (see 4.2.1.2); ? maximum distance between lashing points (see 4.2.1.3); ? permissible tensile load (see 4.2.1.4). 4.2.1.2 For vehicles with an effective cargo loading length not exceeding 2 200 mm there shall be at least 4 lashing points, at least 2
34、on each side. For vehicles with an effective cargo loading length greater than 2 200 mm there shall be at least 6 lashing points, at least 3 on each side. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 08:24:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 6 EN 12640:2000 BSI 02-2001 4.2.1
35、.3 The lashing points are to be arranged in such a way that: ? with the exception of the area above the rear axle, the distance between two adjacent lashing points on one side shall be not more than 1 200 mm. In the area above the rear axle the distance between two adjacent lashing points shall be a
36、s close to 1 200 mm as practicable but in any case shall not be more than 1 500 mm; ? the distance from front or rear end wall shall not be greater than 500 mm; ? the distance from the side walls of the loading area should be as small as possible and in any case shall not be greater than 250 mm. 4.2
37、.1.4 a) For vehicles with a maximum authorised total mass greater than 12 tonnes, the number of lashing points X shall be calculated by use of the formula (1): 20 1,5P X ? ?(1) In this case P is the inertial force in kN resulting from the maximum payload. b) for vehicles with a maximum total mass ex
38、ceeding 7,5 tonnes, but not greater than 12 tonnes, the number of lashing points X shall be calculated by using the formula (2): 10 1,5P X ? ?(2) c) for vehicles with a maximum total mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes, but not greater than 7,5 tonnes, the number of lashing points X shall be calculated by usi
39、ng the formula (3): 8 1,5P X ? ?(3) 4.2.2Lashing points in the front wall The front wall of a vehicle shall be equipped with at least 2 lashing points mounted symmetrically on either side of the vehicle centre line. The lashing points shall be located such that: a) the vertical distance of the two l
40、ashing points measured from the surface of the loading platform is 1 000 mm ? 200 mm (see Figure 1); b) the distance measured in transverse direction from the side of the front wall should be as small as possible and in any case not greater than 250 mm. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sa
41、t Oct 28 08:24:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 7 EN 12640:2000 BSI 02-2001 4.3 Strength of the lashing points 4.3.1Each lashing point on the loading platform shall be designed for a permissible tensile load as specified in Table 1. Table 1 Maximum allowed mass (m) of the vehicle t
42、 Permissible tensile load for lashing point kN * 3,5 1220 * 1 kN = 100 daN 4.3.2Each lashing point on the front wall shall be designed for a permissible load of 10 kN. 4.4Verification The reference test method for compliance with this standard shall be as specified in clause 5. Upon completion of th
43、e test there shall be no permanent deformation which could impair the function of the lashing point. The strength of the lashing points may also be determined by calculation, provided that the equivalence of the calculation to the reference test method can be demonstrated. 5 Testing 5.1One lashing p
44、oint on the loading platform and one lashing point on the front end wall shall be used for testing. The test force F to be applied shall be 1,25 times the permissible tensile force. In the test, the lashing point shall be connected to a suitable lashing hook in accordance with the manufacturers inst
45、ructions. 5.2The direction of application of the test force shall lie within the ranges of angles defined in 4.1.2. One test shall be performed in each of the three most unfavourable directions of application. 5.3The test force shall be applied for at least 3 min. 5.4To apply the test forces a test
46、frame shall be used which shall be fixed appropriately to the load area (see Figure 3) or the bulkhead (analogous). This frame shall be fitted with its longitudinal edge 500 ? 30 mm from the lashing point being tested, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. The width of the frame correspo
47、nds to the distance between the lashing points arranged in pairs less 1 000 mm. The width of the frame sections is ? 50 mm. 6 Marking Vehicles with lashing points in compliance with this standard, shall be fitted with a marking plate in accordance with Figure 4 in a clearly visible place. For the co
48、nvenience of the users the tensile load should be indicated in daN. The plate shall have a blue background, white lettering and a white border. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 08:24:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 8 EN 12640:2000 BSI 02-2001 Annex A (informa
49、tive) Example of calculation Example to determine the number of lashing points in accordance with 4.2. Semi-trailer Length of loading platform:12,6 m Payload max.:28 tonnes A.1 Determination of the number of lashing points a) According to the requirements of item 4.2.1.2: at least 6 lashing points b) According to the requirements of item 4.2.1.3: 12,6 ? (2 ? 0,5) = 11,6 : 1,2 = 9,67 rounded up = 10 compartments = 11 pairs of lashing points = 22 lashing points c) According to the requirements of item 4.2.1