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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 450-1:2005 Fly ash for concrete Part 1: Definition, specifications and conformity criteria The European Standard EN 450-1:2005 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.100.30 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:28:02 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy
2、, (c) BSI BS EN 450-1:2005 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 16 May 2005 BSI 16 May 2005 ISBN 0 580 45506 8 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 450-1:2005. Together with BS EN 4
3、50-2:2005, this document supersedes BS EN 450:1995. EN 450-1 is a candidate “harmonized” European standard and fully takes into account the requirements of the European Commission mandates M/128, Products related to concrete, mortar and grout, given under the EU Construction Products Directive (89/1
4、06/EEC), and intended to lead to CE marking. The date of applicability of EN 450-1 as a harmonized European Standard, i.e the date after which this standard may be used for CE marking purposes, is subject to an announcement in the Official journal of the European Communities. The Commission in consu
5、ltation with Member States has agreed a transition period for the co-existence of harmonized European Standards and their corresponding national standard(s). It is intended that this period will comprise a period, usually nine months, after the date of availability of the European Standard, during w
6、hich any required changes to national regulations are to be made, followed by a further period, usually of 12 months, for the implementation of CE marking. In this instance a transition time for co-existence consisting of a six months period after the date of availability of the European Standard an
7、d a further period of six months for the implementation of CE marking has been agreed by CEN. At the end of this co-existence period, the national standard will be withdrawn. EN 450-1 is the subject of transitional arrangements agreed under the Commission mandate. In the UK, the corresponding nation
8、al standard is: BS 3892-1:1997, Pulverized fuel ash Part 1: Specification for pulverized-fuel ash for use with Portland cement and based on this transition period of 12 months, BS 3892-1:1997 would be withdrawn in February 2006. NOTEThis date is approximate. Users of this standard should contact BSI
9、 Customer Services The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/516, Cement and lime, to Subcommittee B/516/101, Additions for concrete, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secre
10、tary. The term fly ash as used in this standard refers to siliceous fly ash containing a maximum of 10% reactive calcium oxide, (see 5.2.6). The term also covers pulverized-fuel ash (PFA), which is the more precise term for fly ashes produced from electricity generating power stations burning pulver
11、ized hard coals and which has been in common use in the UK for many years. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international
12、 and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:28:02 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 450-1:2005 BSI XX-2000 i Additional information EN 450-1:2005 contains a
13、 number of changes to the previous version (EN 450:1994); the main changes are as follows: It introduces categories for fly ash fineness and loss on ignition. Most fly ashes produced in the UK will conform to EN 450-1, Category N without any processing. Fly ash that previously conformed to BS 3892-1
14、 will now be known as Category S fly ash, having the same requirements for fineness, (see 5.3.1) and also a water requirement, (see 5.3.6). The water requirement test procedure is included in the normative Annex B. The strength factor test as required by BS 3892-1 has now been superseded by the acti
15、vity index test, (see 5.3.2). Categories of loss on ignition have been included as mentioned (see 5.2.2). The categories permitted within BS 8500-2 and BS EN 197-1 limit the maximum loss on ignition to 7% when measured in accordance with this standard, which are categories A and B only. EN 450-1 int
16、roduces the concept of co-combustion fly ashes for use as an addition to concrete. These ashes are produced when small quantities of secondary materials are combusted with at least 80% of coal by dry mass in a power station with a maximum ash content of 10% being derived from the secondary material,
17、 (see 4.1). The types of these secondary materials are strictly controlled and additional tests are required to ensure the resulting fly ash is suitable for use in concrete. Conformity to the requirements in 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4 is necessary (see 4.2). Further information on the changes to EN 450-1 can
18、be obtained from the UK Technical Committee and its Subcommittee. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or
19、 by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer imm
20、unity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 33 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na,
21、 Sat Nov 04 09:28:02 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:28:02 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 450-1 February 2005 ICS 91.100.30 Supersedes EN 450:1994 English ver
22、sion Fly ash for concrete - Part 1: Definition, specifications and conformity criteria Cendres volantes pour beton - Partie 1: Definition, spcification et critres de conformit Flugasche fr Beton - Teil 1: Definition, Anforderungen und Konformittskriterien This European Standard was approved by CEN o
23、n 22 December 2004. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards
24、may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the C
25、entral Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
26、 Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any
27、 means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 450-1:2005: E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:28:02 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 450-1:2005 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword4 Introduction.5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references6 3 Terms and definition
28、s .7 4 Specific provisions for fly ash from co-combustion8 4.1 Co-combustion materials8 4.2 Establishment of suitability of fly ash from co-combustion.9 4.3 Environmental compatibility.9 5 Specifications.9 5.1 General9 5.2 Chemical requirements.10 5.3 Physical requirements 11 5.4 Other requirements1
29、2 5.5 Information to be supplied upon request13 6 Packaging and labelling13 7 Sampling.13 8 Conformity Criteria14 8.1 General requirements14 8.2 Statistical conformity criteria .16 8.3 Single result conformity criteria.18 Annex A (normative) Release of dangerous substances and emission of radioactiv
30、ity.20 Annex B (normative) Method of determining the water requirement for Category S fly ash 21 Annex C (normative) Method of determining the content of soluble phosphate as available phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5).23 Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requir
31、ements or other provisions of EU Directives25 Bibliography33 Figures Figure ZA.1 Example CE marking information 31 Tables Table 1 Types of co-combustion materials . 9 Table 2 Properties, test methods and minimum testing frequencies for the autocontrol testing by the producer or his agent and the sta
32、tistical assessment procedure. 14 Table 3 Acceptability constant kA (Pk = 10 %) at CR = 5 % 17 Table 4 Values of cA (Pk = 10 %) at CR = 5 % 18 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:28:02 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 450-1:2005 (E) 3 Table 5 Limit values for singl
33、e results19 Table B.1 Mix proportions21 Table ZA.1 Relevant clauses and intended use26 Table ZA.1 (concluded) 27 Table ZA.2 System of attestation of conformity.28 Table ZA.3 Assignment of evaluation of conformity tasks for fly ash under system 1+29 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov
34、 04 09:28:02 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 450-1:2005 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 450-1:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 104 “Concrete and related products”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a natio
35、nal standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2006. This document supersedes EN 450:1994. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the Euro
36、pean Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. It is supported by standards of the series EN 451 for test methods for determi
37、nation of free calcium oxide content and of the fineness by sieve residue. No existing European Standard, apart from EN 450:1995, is superseded. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Sta
38、ndard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffi
39、eldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:28:02 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 450-1:2005 (E) 5 Introduction The use of coal for electricity production results in the generation of large quantities of fly ash. Different types of coal and the type of boiler used in this process produce diff
40、erent fly ashes, such as siliceous, silico-calcareous, or calcareous fly ashes with pozzolanic and/or latent hydraulic properties. All these types of fly ash are used in concrete production in some European countries, based on national experiences and tradition. Before its use fly ash maybe subject
41、to processing, for example by classification, selection, sieving, drying, blending, grinding or carbon reduction, to optimize its fineness, reduce its water demand or to improve other properties. Such processed fly ashes may conform to this document to which reference is made in such case. When they
42、 are out of the scope of this document, their suitability for use as Type II additions in concrete according to EN 206-1 may also be established from National standards or provisions or European Technical Approvals valid in the place of use of the concrete and which refer specifically to the use of
43、the addition in concrete conforming to EN 206-1. When using fly ashes conforming to this document, it should be noted that, apart from the effect from the pozzolanicity of the fly ash, certain properties of fresh and hardened concrete may be affected. Where relevant, such effects have to be consider
44、ed in concrete mix design (see EN 206-1). Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:28:02 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 450-1:2005 (E) 6 1 Scope This document specifies requirements for the chemical and physical properties as well as quality control procedures for sil
45、iceous fly ash, as defined in 3.2, for use as a type II addition for production of concrete, including in particular cast-in-situ or prefabricated structural concrete conforming to EN 206-1. Fly ash according to this document may also be used in mortars and grouts. Fly ash produced with other types
46、or higher percentages of co-combustion materials than those provided for in 4 is outside the scope of this document. It is, however, beyond the scope of this document to specify provisions governing the practical application of fly ash in the production of concrete, i.e. requirements concerning comp
47、osition, mixing, placing, curing etc. of concrete containing fly ash. As regards such provisions, reference should be made to other European or national standards for concrete, such as EN 206-1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this d
48、ocument. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 196-1:1994, Methods of testing cement Part 1: Determination of strength. EN 196-2:1994, Methods of testing cement Part 2: Chemic
49、al analysis of cement. EN 196-3, Methods of testing cement Part 3: Determination of setting time and soundness. EN 196-6, Methods of testing cement Determination of fineness. EN 196-7, Methods of testing cement Methods of taking and preparing samples of cement. EN 196-211), Methods of testing cement Determination of the chloride, carbon dioxide and alkali content of cement. EN 197-1:2000, Cement Part 1: Composition, specification and conformity criteria for comm