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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 50445:2008 Product family standard to demonstrate compliance of equipment for resistance welding, arc welding and allied processes with the basic restrictions related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz 300 GHz) ICS 13.280; 17.220.01; 25.160.10 ? Copyright Britis
2、h Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 21:03:40 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- BS EN 50445:2008 This British Standard was published under the authority of t
3、he Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 54906 9 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 50445:2008. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee WEE/6, Electric arc welding equipment. A list of
4、 organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal o
5、bligations. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication DateComments Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 21:03:40 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from
6、 IHS -,-,- EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50445 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM February 2008 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Bruss
7、els 2008 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 50445:2008 E ICS 17.220.01; 25.160.10 English version Product family standard to demonstrate compliance of equipment for resistance welding, arc welding and allied processes
8、 with the basic restrictions related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz - 300 GHz) Norme de famille de produit pour dmontrer la conformit dun quipement pour le soudage par rsistance, le soudage larc et les techniques connexes avec les restrictions de base concernant lexposition des pe
9、rsonnes aux champs lectromagntiques (0 Hz - 300 GHz) Produktfamiliennorm zur Konformittsprfung von Einrichtungen zum Widerstandsschweien, Lichtbogenschweien und artverwandten Prozessen in Bezug auf die bei der Exposition durch elektromagnetische Felder anzuwendenden Basisgrenzwerte (0 Hz - 300 GHz)
10、This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2008-02-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical
11、references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENE
12、LEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
13、Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing
14、 Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 21:03:40 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- EN 50445:2008 2 Foreword This European Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 26A, Electric arc welding equipment. The text of the draft was submitted to
15、the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 50445 on 2008-02-01. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by p ublication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2009-02-01 latest date by which the national standards
16、conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2011-02-01 This European Standard is to be read in conjunction with EN 50444 and EN 50505. The latter was prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 26B, Electric resistance welding. This European Standard has been prepared under mandates M/305
17、and M/351 given to CENELEC by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. _ Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 21:03:40 MDTNo reproduction or networking permi
18、tted without license from IHS -,-,- 3 EN 50445:2008 Contents 1 Scope .4 2 Normative references.4 3 Terms and definitions 5 4 Compliance criteria and exposure limits .6 4.1 Background.6 4.2 Equipment for use by the general public.7 4.3 Equipment for occupational use7 4.4 Equipment for occupational us
19、e in a public area7 4.5 Exposure of persons wearing cardiac pacemakers or other medical implants.7 4.6 Projectile risk.7 4.7 Touch currents 8 5 Compliance assessment8 5.1 General8 5.1.1 Measurement and calculation.8 5.1.2 Time averaging.8 5.1.3 Spatial averaging8 5.1.4 Assessment of equipment with p
20、ulsed or non-sinusoidal welding current.9 5.1.5 Assessment of equipment with multiple welding current waveforms .9 5.2 Assessment of EMF9 5.2.1 General considerations.9 5.2.2 Electric field.10 5.2.3 Magnetic field measurements to show compliance with reference levels10 5.2.4 Calculations to show com
21、pliance with reference levels10 5.2.5 Calculations to show compliance with basic restrictions10 6 Information to be supplied with the apparatus10 7 Marking11 8 Uncertainty of assessment11 8.1 Using uncertainty for comparison with limits.11 8.2 Permissible expanded uncertainties .12 Annex A (informat
22、ive) General public basic restrictions and reference levels13 Annex B (informative) Occupational basic restrictions and reference levels15 Annex C (informative) Example for general EMF information17 Bibliography18 Tables Table 1 Summation parameters9 Table 2 Permissible expanded uncertainties.12 Tab
23、le A.1 General public basic restrictions for electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields .13 Table A.2 General public reference levels for electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields.14 Table B.1 Occupational basic restrictions for electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields15 Table B.2 Occupa
24、tional reference levels for time varying electric and magnetic fields16 Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 21:03:40 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from
25、 IHS -,-,- EN 50445:2008 4 1 Scope This product family standard applies to equipment for resistance welding, arc welding and allied processes designed for use in industrial or domestic environments, including welding power sources, wire feeders and ancillary equipment, e.g. torches, liquid cooling s
26、ystems and arc striking and stabilising devices. NOTE 1 Allied processes are for example resistance hard and soft soldering, resistance heating by means comparable to resistance welding equipment, electric arc cutting and arc spraying. The frequency range covered is 0 Hz to 300 GHz. This product fam
27、ily standard may be used to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of Directive 2006/95/EC 1 (needed for placing electric welding equipment on the European market), with regard to the limitation of human exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF). There are additional requirements in the Directi
28、ve, which are not included in this product family standard. NOTE 2 The Directive 2006/95/EC 1, Article 2, stipulates that the Member States take all appropriate measures to ensure that electrical equipment may be placed on the market only if, having been constructed in accordance with good engineeri
29、ng practice in safety matters in force in the Community. This product family standard may also be used for assessment regarding the requirements of Directive 2004/40/EC 3 on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (electr
30、omagnetic fields) or Recommendation 1999/519/EC 2 on the limitation of exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields, provided that no other relevant field sources are present in close proximity. If other relevant field sources are present, additional assessment is necessary. NOTE 3 It sh
31、ould be noted that the supplier of specific equipment might not know the overall exposure environment in which the equipment is being used. This product family standard can only be used to assess human exposure from the specific equipment under evaluation when being used in accordance with the suppl
32、iers guidelines. NOTE 4 Assessment procedures for workplaces with multiple field-sources may be found in EN 50499 7. Other standards may apply to products covered by this product family standard. In particular this standard can not be used to demonstrate electromagnetic compatibility with other equi
33、pment; nor does it specify any product safety requirements other than those specifically related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields. NOTE 5 Procedures to demonstrate compliance are not specified for the whole frequency range. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are ind
34、ispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 50392 Generic standard to demonstrate the compliance of electronic and electrical appara
35、tus with the basic restrictions related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz 300 GHz) EN 50444 Basic standard for the evaluation of human exposure to electromagnetic fields from equipment for arc welding and allied processes EN 50505 Basic standard for the evaluation of human exposure t
36、o electromagnetic fields from equipment for resistance welding and allied processes EN 60974-1 Arc welding equipment Part 1: Welding power sources (IEC 60974-1) EN 60974-6 Arc welding equipment Part 6: Limited duty manual metal arc welding power sources (IEC 60974-6) Copyright British Standards Inst
37、itution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 21:03:40 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 5 EN 50445:2008 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following term
38、s and definitions apply. 3.1 action values magnitude of directly measurable parameters at which one or more of the specified measures in Directive 2004/40/EC 3 must be undertaken 3.2 arc welding power source equipment for supplying current and voltage and having the required characteristics suitable
39、 for arc welding and allied processes NOTE 1 An arc welding power source may also supply services to other equipment and auxiliaries e.g. auxiliary power, cooling liquid, consumable arc welding electrode and gas to shield the arc and the welding area. NOTE 2 In the following text, the term “welding
40、power source” is used. 3.3 basic restrictions exposure limit values restrictions on exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields that are based directly on established health effects and biological considerations 3.4 compliance boundary spatial border outside which any point of investig
41、ation is deemed to be compliant 3.5 EMF electric, magnetic or electromagnetic field 3.6 expert competent person skilled person person who can judge the work assigned and recognize possible hazards on the basis of professional training, knowledge, experience and knowledge of the relevant equipment NO
42、TE Several years of practice in the relevant technical field may be taken into consideration in assessment of professional training. 3.7 induced current density (J) electromagnetic field induced current per unit area inside the body 3.8 industrial and professional use use intended only for experts o
43、r instructed persons 3.9 instructed person person informed about the tasks assigned and about the possible hazards involved in neglectful behaviour NOTE If necessary, the person has undergone some training. Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled
44、 Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 21:03:40 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- EN 50445:2008 6 3.10 magnetic flux density (B) magnitude of a field vector that is equal to the magnetic field strength H multiplied by the permeability o
45、f the medium B = H 3.11 point of investigation (POI) location in space at which the value of the E-field, H-field or power density is evaluated NOTE This location is defined in cartesian, cylindrical or spherical co-ordinates relative to the reference point on the EUT. 3.12 reference levels directly
46、 measurable quantities, derived from basic restrictions, provided for practical exposure assessment purposes NOTE Respect of the reference levels will ensure respect of the relevant basic restriction. If the reference levels are exceeded, it does not necessarily follow that the basic restriction wil
47、l be exceeded. 3.13 resistance welding equipment equipment for supplying current and voltage and having the required characteristics suitable for resistance welding and allied processes 4 Compliance criteria and exposure limits 4.1 Background Reference levels are provided for practical exposure asse
48、ssment purposes to determine whether the basic restrictions are likely to be exceeded. If the measured value exceeds the reference level, it does not necessarily follow that the basic restriction will be exceeded. In some situations, it may be necessary to show compliance with the basic restrictions directly, but it may also be possible to derive compliance criteria that allow a simple measurement or calcu