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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 11064-7:2006 Ergonomic design of control centres Part 7: Principles for the evaluation of control centres The European Standard EN ISO 11064-7:2006 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.180 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:14:29 GMT+00:00 2
2、006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 11064-7:2006 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 April 2006 BSI 2006 ISBN 0 580 48162 X National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 11064-
3、7:2006. It is identical with ISO 11064-7:2006. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PH/9, Applied ergonomics, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references T
4、he British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standa
5、rds Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the r
6、esponsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cov
7、er, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 20, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Da
8、teComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:14:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 11064-7 April 2006 ICS 13.180 English Version Ergonomic design of control centres - Part 7: Principles for the evaluation of
9、control centres (ISO 11064-7:2006) Conception ergonomique des centres de commande - Partie 7: Principes pour lvaluation des centres de commande (ISO 11064-7:2006) Ergonomische Gestaltung von Leitzentralen - Teil 7: Grundstze fr die Bewertung von Leitzentralen (ISO 11064-7:2006) This European Standar
10、d was approved by CEN on 23 March 2006. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such
11、 national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language a
12、nd notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
13、Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CENAll rights of exploit
14、ation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 11064-7:2006: E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:14:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Foreword This document (EN ISO 11064-7:2006) has been prepared by Technical Commi
15、ttee ISO/TC 159 “Ergonomics“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 200
16、6, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2006. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
17、 Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 11064-7:2006 has been approved by
18、CEN as EN ISO 11064-7:2006 without any modifications. EN ISO 11064-7:2006 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:14:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 11064-7:2006(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11064-7 First edition 2006-04-01 Ergonomic design of co
19、ntrol centres Part 7: Principles for the evaluation of control centres Conception ergonomique des centres de commande Partie 7: Principes pour lvaluation des centres de commande EN ISO 11064-7:2006 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:14:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c)
20、 BSI ii Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:14:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Requirements and recommendations for evaluation process. 3 4.1 General ve
21、rification and validation (V HSI software; communications facilities; procedures (written or electronic form); EN ISO 11064-7:2006 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:14:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 6 workstation and console configurations; design of the overal
22、l work environment; training and selection of personnel; team working; auxiliary shutdown rooms and panels; local control rooms; local control panels or stations; the needs of maintenance personnel; other needs of the operators (storage, relaxation areas, rest rooms, etc.). 4.4 Verification and vali
23、dation criteria a) The criteria developed shall cover the complete set of ergonomics issues that are relevant to a project. b) Criteria should be defined for the evaluations of each ergonomic issue and for the objectives that the evaluation is intended to reach. NOTE 1 The criteria can be derived fr
24、om the source documents in use for the project: performance aspects; safety principles; availability and reliability requirements; operator interface and display principles; requirements from applicable standards and guidelines; recommendations and requirements from ergonomics literature. NOTE 2 Per
25、formance criteria can be classified into several types, for example: requirement-referenced criteria the comparison of the performance of the system to an accepted performance requirement; benchmark-referenced criteria the comparison of the performance of the system to a benchmark system that is def
26、ined as acceptable; normative referenced criteria the comparison of the performance of the system to norms established for the performance based on many system evaluations; expert-judgement referenced criteria the comparison of the performance of the system to criteria established through the judgem
27、ent of subject-matter experts. EN ISO 11064-7:2006 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:14:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 7 4.5 Verification and validation input documents a) The design projects evaluation team should collect all important documentation related to
28、 the topic under consideration and used in the design process. NOTE The documentation will be the basis for the human factors evaluation process. b) A design projects evaluation team should have access to appropriate documentation. c) The evaluation team should have access to the members of the team
29、 responsible for design and documentation. d) The evaluation team should have access to a human factors operating experience review. 4.6 Verification and validation team a) The human factors evaluation team should be independent of, but have access to, the design team. Individuals should not be memb
30、ers of both the design and evaluation teams. b) The communication between the independent human factors evaluation team and the designers should be supported and stimulated. c) The human factors evaluation team should be suitably placed in the project organization, i.e., have responsibility, authori
31、ty and positioning within an organization, such that the commitment to human factors V architectural design and civil engineering; systems analysis; instrumentation and control systems; information and computer systems; human factors engineering/ergonomics; facility operation and training (user repr
32、esentatives). 4.7 Verification and validation resources a) The design project shall supply suitable resources for the evaluation team. b) Suitable working materials for the conduct of V control centre components and features; measurements (noise, lighting, heating); questionnaire and interview recor
33、ds; EN ISO 11064-7:2006 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:14:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 8 records of operator responses to specific tests (e.g. simulator based tests or assessments); human engineering discrepancies (HEDs), used to identify their location an
34、d nature so that follow-up action can be taken; resolution of HEDs. 4.8 Verification and validation methods The following should be considered when determining verification and validation methods. a) The evaluation method(s) and/or technique(s) used should be systematic and well documented. NOTE Man
35、y human factors evaluation techniques are applicable in a control centre context. A few of the most commonly used techniques are briefly described in Annex C (for more information, see IEEE Std 84510). The evaluation techniques may be divided into different categories that are related to the way eac
36、h technique is used. b) The evaluation methods should be practical, and effective. c) Fast and inexpensive evaluation methods should be used wherever possible and the more sophisticated and expensive methods restricted to those evaluations that require them. 4.9 Verification and validation measures
37、a) The evaluation process should, as far as possible, include quantitative measures of the required features and performance. NOTE 1 With reference to verification and validation: in a few cases it might not be possible to derive objective evidence of meeting requirements. For these cases, appropria
38、te subjective assessments could be an alternative. b) Overall goals such as safety and availability are often difficult to measure and other aspects should be addressed during evaluation of control centres and human-system interfaces. The following are examples of some human performance measures tha
39、t should be considered: 1) “Compatibility” the way in which things are presented to operators, and the responses to be expected from the operators, are compatible with human input-output abilities and limitations. NOTE 2 Compatibility means that operators should be able to read displays, reach contr
40、ols, etc., regardless of overall system objectives. 2) “Understandability” the information displayed is easily understood and the manual control actions achieve the desired system response. NOTE 3 Understandability means that the structure, format and content of the human-system dialogue results in
41、meaningful communication. 3) “Situation awareness” the situation is understood and, based on current status and past history, offers the possibility of future predictions. 4) “Controllability” upon which the operator can base future decisions. NOTE 4 Controllability means to have a certain control o
42、f the present situation and knowledge of the history that has led up to the existing status. 5) “Mental workload” measures are based on the hypothesis that the operator has limited cognitive processing capacity. NOTE 5 Published literature describes mental workload as that portion of the operators l
43、imited capacity actually required to perform a particular task. EN ISO 11064-7:2006 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:14:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 9 6) Measures of “teamwork”. NOTE 6 The major factors usually listed when describing effective team processes
44、 concern its “potency”. This includes social support for team members by helping each other. Other factors include positive social interactions, sharing of workload, communication and cooperation within the team. All these factors are positively related to team effectiveness, productivity and satisf
45、action. 7) Measures of “Learnability”. NOTE 7 Learnability means that inexperienced users can easily learn how to use the system with little or no need to consult manuals. 8) Measures of “improved performance” such as “effectiveness”, “efficiency” and “satisfaction”. NOTE 8 Improved performance mean
46、s to make a difficult task easier or enable an operator to accomplish a task that might otherwise be impossible. “Effectiveness”, “efficiency” and “satisfaction” together form the three measures of usability. ISO 9241-112 gives details on how to measure usability. NOTE 9 Effectiveness: a human-syste
47、m environment is effective if it supports the operator (or crew) to improve their performance, e.g. reduction of human error such as procedure violations. NOTE 10 Efficiency means that the resources expended in relation to the accuracy and completeness with which users achieve goals, e.g. task times
48、. NOTE 11 Satisfaction signifies the promotion of maximum comfort and positive attitudes through which users achieve goals. 9) Systems performance measures relevant to facility safety (e.g. by keeping specific process parameters within a certain range). 10) Workstation layout, including dynamic anth
49、ropometry evaluations as well as physical positioning and interactions. 4.10 Verification and validation results a) The results from the evaluation should be recorded and documented, including any deviations from criteria. b) The process for assessing deviations found in the evaluation should be systematic and documented. c) All deviations found in the evaluation should be acted on. d) The evaluation team s