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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 897:1999 The Europe
2、an Standard EN 897:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 71.100.80 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption Sodium carbonate Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 03:21:16 GMT+
3、00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 897:1999 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 January 1999 BSI 01-1999 ISBN 0 580 3064
4、3 7 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateText affected National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 897:1998. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/59, Chemicals for drinking water treatment, which has the respons
5、ibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizat
6、ions represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. The United Kingdom did not support this standard at the CEN Enquiry stage and voted against its acceptance at the Formal Vote stage. The principal UK objections were as follows. a) The limits of detection of the methods
7、for the determination of toxic substances, especially the method for determination of lead, are not adequate when the methods are intended as the means of verifying the requirements given in Table 2. b) There is confusion regarding the operation of the spectrometer used for the determinations of ars
8、enic, cadmium, chromium, lead and nickel. The parameters and operating conditions are specified in Table B.2 but the instructions on B.1.5.4.1 require the parameters to be set in accordance with the operating manual of the instruments manufacturer. If there are any conflicts between these two requir
9、ements, the BSI technical committee recommends that the parameters in question be set in accordance with the operating manual. c) The requirement for mercury in Table 2 is expressed in milligrams of mercury per kilogram of sodium carbonate whereas the result of the determination in accordance with I
10、SO 5666-1 will be in micrograms per litre of test solution. Additional information Article 8 of the Council of the European Community Directive 80/778/EEC relating to the quality of water intended for human consumption requires Member States to ensure that substances used in the preparation of drink
11、ing water do not cause any contravention of the maximum admissible concentrations prescribed in annex 1 to the Directive. This requirement is given effect in England and Wales by regulation 25 of the Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 1989 (similar provisions apply in Scotland and Northern Ire
12、land). Regulation 25 makes provision for attaching conditions of use to chemicals which are authorized for use in public water supplies. Details of conditions of use are contained in the Secretary of States List of Approved Products published by the Drinking Water Inspectorate, Floor 2/A1, Ashdown H
13、ouse, 123 Victoria Street, London SW1E 6DE. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index, or by using the
14、Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from leg
15、al obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 03:21:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI CEN European Committee for
16、 Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 897:1998 E EUROPEAN STANDARDEN 897
17、NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM July 1998 ICS 71.100.80 Descriptors: potable water, water treatment, chemical compounds, sodium carbonates, description, physical properties, chemical properties, impurities, toxic substances, tests, labelling, storage, utilization English version Chemicals used f
18、or treatment of water intended for human consumption Sodium carbonate Produits chimiques utilise s pour le traitement de leau destine e a la consommation humaine Carbonate de sodium Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser fu r den menschlichen Gebrauch Natriumcarbonat This European Standard was approve
19、d by CEN on 1 July 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national stand
20、ards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to
21、the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Unite
22、d Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 03:21:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 2 EN 897:1998 BSI 01-1999 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164, Water supply, the Secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This Euro
23、pean Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 1999, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 1999. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the nat
24、ional standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents
25、 Page Foreword2 Introduction3 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Description3 3.1Identification3 3.2Commercial forms3 3.3Physical properties3 3.4Chemical properties4 4Purity criteria4 4.1General4 4.2Composition of commercial product4 4.3Impurities and main by-products4 4.4Toxic substances4 5Test method
26、s4 5.1Sampling4 5.2Analyses4 6Labelling Transportation Storage5 6.1Means of delivery5 6.2Risk and safety labelling according to the EU Directives5 6.3Transportation regulations and labelling5 6.4Marking5 6.5Storage5 Annex A (informative) General information on sodium carbonate6 Annex B (normative) A
27、nalytical methods6 Annex C (normative) General rules relating to safety8 Annex D (informative) Bibliography8 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 03:21:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 3 EN 897:1998 BSI 01-1999 1) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number. 2) Eur
28、opean Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances. Introduction In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption, caused by the product covered by this standard: 1) this standard provides no information as to whether the product may be used with
29、out restriction in any of the member states of the EU or EFTA; 2) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product remain in force. 1 Scope This European Standard is appli
30、cable to anhydrous sodium carbonate used for treatment of water intended for human consumption. It describes the characteristics of sodium carbonate and specifies the requirements and the corresponding test methods for sodium carbonate. It gives information on its use in water treatment. 2 Normative
31、 references This present European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions
32、 of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods. (ISO 3696-1987) ISO
33、740, Sodium carbonate for industrial use Determination of total soluble alkalinity Titrimetric method. ISO 746, Sodium carbonate for industrial use Determination of matter insoluble in water at 50 degrees C. ISO 2460, Sodium hydrogen carbonate for industrial use Determination of iron content 1,10-Ph
34、enanthroline photometric method. ISO 3165, Sampling of chemical products for industrial use Safety in sampling. ISO 5666-1:1983, Water quality Determination of total mercury by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry Part 1: Method after digestion with permanganate-peroxodisulfate. ISO 6206, Chemic
35、al products for industrial use Sampling Vocabulary. ISO 8213, Chemical products for industrial use Sampling techniques Solid chemical products in the form of particles varying from powders to coarse lumps. 3 Description 3.1 Identification 3.1.1 Chemical name Sodium carbonate. 3.1.2 Synonym or common
36、 names Soda ash, anhydrous sodium carbonate, light soda ash, heavy soda ash. 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass 105,99. 3.1.4 Empirical formula Na2CO3. 3.1.5 Chemical formula Na2CO3. 3.1.6 CAS Registry number1) 497-19-8. 3.1.7 EINECS reference2) 207-838-8. 3.2 Commercial forms The product is available as
37、 dry powder or fine granules and described as light soda or heavy soda according to bulk density (see 3.3.2). 3.3 Physical properties 3.3.1 Appearance The product is a white powder or crystals, slightly hygroscopic. 3.3.2 Density Solid: 2,53 g/cm3. Bulk density: ranging from 0,5 kg/dm3to 0,65 kg/dm3
38、 (light soda ash); ranging from 0,8 kg/dm3to 1,2 kg/dm3 (heavy soda ash). 3.3.3 Solubility in water 212 g/l at 20 8C. 3.3.4 Vapour pressure Not applicable. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 03:21:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 4 EN 897:1998 BSI 01-1999 3) 100
39、 kPa = 1 bar. 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa3) Not applicable. 3.3.6 Melting point 851 8C. 3.3.7 Specific heat 1,043 kJ/kgK. 3.3.8 Viscosity, dynamic Not applicable. 3.3.9 Critical temperature Not applicable. 3.3.10 Critical pressure Not applicable. 3.3.11 Physical hardness The hardness of solid sod
40、ium carbonate is given as 1 to 2 on the Mohs scale of hardness. 3.4 Chemical properties Sodium carbonate reacts exothermically with acids with formation of carbon dioxide. Sodium carbonate is slightly hygroscopic and dissolution in water is an exothermic reaction. 4 Purity criteria 4.1 General Limit
41、s have been given for impurities and toxic substances where these are likely to be present in significant quantities from the current production process and raw materials. If a change in the production process or raw materials leads to significant quantities of other impurities or by-products being
42、present, this shall be notified to the user. 4.2 Composition of commercial product The product shall contain not less than 99 % (m/m) of Na2CO3. 4.3 Impurities and main by-products The product shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1. The concentration limits refer to Na2CO3. Table 1 I
43、mpurities ImpurityLimit in mg/kg of Na2CO3 Iron(II)1)max.20 Insolubles2)max. 200 1) Iron(II) can cause organoleptic problems. 2) Indicate the presence of foreign matter. 4.4 Toxic substances NOTEFor the purpose of this standard, toxic substances are those defined in the EU Directive 80/778/EEC of 15
44、 July, 1980 (see D.1). The content of toxic substances shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 2. The concentration limits are specified in milligrams per kilogram of Na2CO3. Table 2 Toxic substances ElementLimit in mg/kg of Na2CO3 Arsenic (As)max. 2 Cadmium (Cd)max. 2 Chromium (Cr)max.
45、 2 Mercury (Hg)max. 0,1 Nickel (Ni)max. 2 Lead (Pb)max. 2 NOTEAntimony, selenium, cyanides, pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are not relevant toxic substances as listed in EU Directive 80/778/EEC because they are not likely to be found in the raw materials. 5 Test methods 5.1 Sampling
46、 Take a sample in accordance with ISO 8213, taking account of ISO 3165 and also ISO 6206. 5.2 Analyses 5.2.1 Main product The percentage by mass % (m/m) of Na2CO3shall be determined by titration of the total alkalinity with a standard volumetric acid solution in accordance with ISO 740. 5.2.2 Impuri
47、ties 5.2.2.1 Iron The iron content shall be determined by a spectrometric method with 1,10-phenanthroline in accordance with ISO 2460 replacing sodium bicarbonate by sodium carbonate. 5.2.2.2 Insolubles The percentage by mass % (m/m) of the insolubles in water shall be determined at 50 8C in accorda
48、nce with ISO 746. 5.2.3 Toxic substances The contents of toxic substances except for mercury, shall be determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP/OES). Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 03:21:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 5 E
49、N 897:1998 BSI 01-1999 4) See D.2. 5) United Nations Number. 5.2.3.1 Arsenic The arsenic content shall be determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP/OES) (see B.1). 5.2.3.2 Cadmium The cadmium content shall be determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP/OES) (see B.1). 5.2.3.3 Chromium The chromium content shall be determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP/OES) (see B.1). 5.2.3.4 Mercury The mercury content