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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 3651-1:1998 Determination of resistance to intergranular corrosion of stainless steels Part 1: Austenitic and ferritic-austenitic (duplex) stainless steels Corrosion test in nitric acid medium by measurement of loss in mass (Huey test) The European Standard EN ISO 3651-1:1
2、998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 77.060 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 09:04:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 3651-1:1998 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board, was published under th
3、e authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 July 1998 BSI 04-1999 ISBN 0 580 30041 2 National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN ISO 3651-1:1998. It is identical with ISO 3651-1:1998. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Techni
4、cal Committee ISE/72, Methods of physical and metallographic testing, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; m
5、onitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references Attention is drawn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC Standards normally include an annex which list
6、s normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications. The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standar
7、ds Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard
8、 does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN ISO title page, page 2, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 4 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright d
9、ate) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 09:04:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 3651-1
10、:1998 BSI 04-1999i Contents Page National forewordInside front cover Foreword2 Forewordiii Text of ISO 3651-11 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 09:04:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 09:04:57 GMT+00:00
11、 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 3651-1 May 1998 ICS 77.060 Descriptors: See ISO document English version Determination of resistance to intergranular corrosion of stainless steels Part 1: Austenitic and ferritic-austenitic (duplex) stainless
12、 steels Corrosion test in nitric acid medium by measurement of loss in mass (Huey test) (ISO 3651-1:1998) Dtermination de la rsistance la corrosion intergranulaire des aciers inoxydables Partie 1: Aciers austnitiques et austno-ferritiques (duplex) Essai de corrosion en milieu acide nitrique par mesu
13、rage de la perte de masse (essai de Huey) (ISO 3651-1:1998) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 March 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard withou
14、t any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language mad
15、e by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland,
16、 Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of exploita
17、tion in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 3651-1:1998 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 09:04:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 3651-1:1998 BSI 04-1999 2 Foreword The text of the International Standard ISO
18、 3651-1:1998 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 17 “Steel” in collaboration with Technical Committee ECISS/TC 1 “Steel testing”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text
19、 or by endorsement, at the latest by November 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 1998. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard:
20、Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard ISO 3651-1:1998 was approved by CEN as a Europ
21、ean Standard without any modification. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 09:04:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 09:04:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 3651-1:1998 ii BSI 04-1999 Contents Page
22、 Forewordiii Introduction1 1Scope1 2Purpose of the test1 2.1Verification of the intrinsic resistance of the alloy to intergranular corrosion1 2.2Inspection of the efficiency of the solution treatment1 3Heat treatment of sensitization1 4Corrosion test1 4.1Principle1 4.2Test pieces1 5Apparatus2 6Corro
23、sive solution2 7Procedure2 8Calculation4 9Test report4 Figure 1 Example of cold finger condenser3 Descriptors: Iron and steel products, austenitic steels, stainless steels, tests, corrosion tests, intergranular corrosion tests, determination, corrosion resistance. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffiel
24、dun, na, Sun Nov 19 09:04:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 3651-1:1998 BSI 04-1999iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is nor
25、mally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in
26、the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard r
27、equires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 3651-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 17, Steel, Subcommittee SC 7, Methods of testing (other than mechanical tests and chemical analysis). This second edition cancels and replaces the first
28、 edition (ISO 3651-1:1976), which has been technically revised. ISO 3651 consists of the following parts, under the general title Determination of resistance to intergranular corrosion of stainless steels: Part 1: Austenitic and ferritic-austenitic (duplex) stainless steels Corrosion test in nitric
29、acid medium by measurement of loss in mass (Huey test); Part 2: Ferritic, austenitic and ferritic-austenitic (duplex) stainless steels Corrosion test in media containing sulfuric acid. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 09:04:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv blank
30、 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 09:04:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 3651-1:1998 BSI 04-19991 Introduction The term “intergranular corrosion test” denotes the corrosion test carried out by means of preferential attack of the grain boundaries. Austenitic
31、and ferritic-austenitic (duplex) stainless steels may be subject to such attack when they are held at a temperature between about 500 C and 1 000 C. This heat cycle, which may provoke sensitization to intergranular corrosion, may occur during hot forming (forging, rolling) as the result of incorrect
32、 solution treatment or during a welding operation. NOTEIntergranular corrosion in nitric acid may be associated with one or more of the following: precipitation of chromium carbides; precipitation of intermetallic compounds such as sigma phase, in molybdenum-bearing grades; segregation of impurity e
33、lements to the grain boundaries. The interpretation of the result (for example, maximum rate of corrosion) shall form the subject of an agreement between the interested parties. 1 Scope This part of ISO 3651 specifies a method for the determination of the resistance to intergranular corrosion of aus
34、tenitic and ferritic-austenitic (duplex) stainless steels in a nitric acid medium by measurement of the loss in mass (Huey test). It also specifies the purpose which may be assigned to the test. The method is applicable only to austenitic and ferritic-austenitic (duplex) stainless steels supplied in
35、 the form of rolled or forged products, tubes and cast products and intended for use in a strongly oxidizing medium (for example, relatively concentrated nitric acid). In general the Huey test should not be used for grades containing molybdenum unless the material tested is to be used in nitric acid
36、 service. NOTEIt is important to note that the result of the corrosion test is only strictly valid for the corrosive medium used in the test. It constitutes a basis for estimating the resistance to intergranular corrosion but may not be used to check resistance to other forms of corrosion (general c
37、orrosion, pitting, stress corrosion, etc.). It is necessary for the user to adapt the specified corrosion test to the use which will be made of the alloy. This test should, in no case, be considered as an absolute criterion of the quality of the alloy. 2 Purpose of the test This intergranular corros
38、ion test may have either of the purposes given in 2.1 or 2.2. If an order specifies this corrosion test, the purpose of the test shall be stated at the time of ordering. 2.1 Verification of the intrinsic resistance of the alloy to intergranular corrosion This verification applies only to austenitic
39、steel grades which are specially produced for resistance to intergranular corrosion in strongly oxidizing media. The specimen is inspected after having undergone a heat treatment for sensitization (see clause 3). 2.2 Inspection of the efficiency of the solution treatment This inspection is only carr
40、ied out on thin products for which the cooling speed may be made sufficiently rapid. The specimen is inspected in the state in which it is delivered to the user, without heat treatment for sensitization. 3 Heat treatment of sensitization In order to verify the intrinsic resistance to intergranular c
41、orrosion (see 2.1), it is necessary to carry out a heat treatment for sensitization for stabilized steels and steels with a very low carbon content (C 0,03 %). This sensitization treatment is usually obtained by maintaining the test piece for 30 min at a temperature of 700 C 10 C followed by rapid c
42、ooling (in water). The duration of the rise in temperature shall not exceed 10 min. Other sensitization treatments may be used by agreement between the interested parties. Welded pieces shall not be submitted to a heat treatment of sensitization. 4 Corrosion test 4.1 Principle A test piece, prepared
43、 as specified in 4.2.2, is weighed, then immersed in a boiling solution of nitric acid for 5 periods each of 48 h. The criterion for evaluating the test result is loss in mass determined by weighing after each period. 4.2 Test pieces 4.2.1 Dimensions The test piece taken from the wrought product sha
44、ll have its largest dimension located in the direction of forming. For wrought products and castings the test piece shall be cut as near as possible to the surface. The test piece dimension shall be determined as a function of the weighing facilities and the volume of solution to be used. The test p
45、iece length shall, however, be at least equal to twice its width, and the total surface area of the sections perpendicular to the direction of rolling or the fibres shall be less than 15 % of the total surface area of the test piece. In comparative tests, the ratio of the total surface area to the t
46、otal area of the sections shall be kept constant. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 09:04:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 3651-1:1998 2 BSI 04-1999 4.2.2 Preparation Depending on the purpose of the test (see clause 2), the test piece, either with or without
47、sensitization treatment, shall be prepared as specified in 4.2.2.1 or 4.2.2.2. Unless otherwise stated on the order, the method of preparation shall be left to the manufacturer and shall be recorded on the test report. 4.2.2.1 Mechanical preparation The test piece shall be descaled mechanically by g
48、rinding on all surfaces and sharp edges, with grade 120 or finer, iron-free abrasive paper or cloth. Over-heating of the test piece shall be avoided. 4.2.2.2 Chemical preparation The test piece without any mechanical treatment shall be descaled for no more than one hour, either in a solution of 50 v
49、olumes of hydrochloric acid (20= 1,19 g/ml), 5 volumes of nitric acid (20= 1,40 g/ml) and 50 volumes of water at 50 C to 60 C, or in a solution of 50 volumes of hydrochloric acid and 50 volumes of water at ambient temperature. In the case of the chemical preparation, it shall be necessary to ensure in advance that intergranular corrosion does not occur due to the preparation. This should be achieved by micro examination of samples of each steel grade tested. 4.2.2.3 Degreasing Immediately before being placed in the corrosi