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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 13506:2008 Protective clothing against heat and flame Test method for complete garments Prediction of burn injury using an instrumented manikin ICS 13.340.10 ? Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing C
2、o/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:13:12 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- BS ISO 13506:2008 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 May 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 53454 6 National
3、foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 13506:2008. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee PH/3, Protective clothing, to Subcommittee PH/3/2, Clothing for protection against heat and flame. A list of organizations represented on this commi
4、ttee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments/corrigenda issued
5、 since publication DateComments Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:13:12 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Reference number ISO 13506:20
6、08(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13506 First edition 2008-05-01 Protective clothing against heat and flame Test method for complete garments Prediction of burn injury using an instrumented manikin Vtements de protection contre la chaleur et la flamme Mthode dessai pour vtements complets Estimation d
7、e la probabilit de brlure laide dun mannequin instrument BS ISO 13506:2008 Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:13:12 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license f
8、rom IHS -,-,- ii Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:13:12 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- iii Contents Page Foreword. v Introduction.
9、vi 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references2 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 General4 5 Apparatus .4 5.1 Instrumented manikin .4 5.2 Heat flux sensors.6 5.2.1 Principle6 5.2.2 Number of heat flux sensors7 5.2.3 Heat flux sensor-measuring capacity7 5.2.4 Heat flux sensor construction7 5.2.5 Heat flux sensor cal
10、ibration7 5.3 Data acquisition system7 5.4 Computer software program 8 5.4.1 General8 5.4.2 Incident heat flux calculation .8 5.4.3 Predicted burn injury calculations.8 5.4.4 Calculation of predicted area of burn injury.8 5.4.5 Additional computer software features.8 5.5 Flame exposure chamber .8 5.
11、5.1 General8 5.5.2 Chamber size9 5.5.3 Chamber air flow9 5.5.4 Chamber isolation9 5.5.5 Chamber air exhaust system9 5.5.6 Chamber safety devices9 5.6 Fuel and delivery system9 5.6.1 General9 5.6.2 Fuel9 5.6.3 Delivery system9 5.6.4 Burner system10 5.7 Image recording equipment11 5.8 Safety checklist
12、11 5.9 Specimen conditioning area.11 6 Sampling and test specimens11 6.1 General11 6.1.1 Type of test specimen.11 6.1.2 Garment/ensemble material evaluation/comparison.11 6.1.3 Garment/ensemble design evaluation/comparison .11 6.1.4 Garment/ensemble specification evaluation 12 6.2 Number of test spe
13、cimens12 6.3 Standard garment design .12 7 Specimen preparation.12 7.1 Pretreatment.12 7.2 Conditioning.13 8 Procedure .13 BS ISO 13506:2008 Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:
14、13:12 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- iv 8.1 Preparation of test apparatus13 8.1.1 General.13 8.1.2 Flame exposure chamber purging 13 8.1.3 Gas line charging13 8.1.4 Confirmation of exposure conditions.13 8.2 Specimen testing 13 8.2.1 General.13 8.2.2 Dressi
15、ng the manikin13 8.2.3 Recording the specimen identification, test conditions and test observations.14 8.2.4 Confirmation of safe operation conditions and lighting of pilot flames .14 8.2.5 Starting the image recording system14 8.2.6 Exposure of the test specimen14 8.2.7 Acquisition of the heat tran
16、sfer data 14 8.2.8 Recording of specimen response remarks 15 8.2.9 Initiation of heat transfer and burn injury calculation.15 8.3 Preparation for the next test exposure.15 9 Test report15 9.1 General.15 9.2 Type of test15 9.3 Specimen identification15 9.4 Exposure conditions.15 9.5 Calculated result
17、s .16 9.5.1 General.16 9.5.2 Predicted total area (%) of manikin injured based on the total area of the manikin containing heat flux sensors .16 9.5.3 Predicted total area (%) of manikin injured based on area of manikin covered by the test specimen16 9.5.4 Other information that may be reported.16 9
18、.6 Observations .16 Annex A (informative) Considerations for conducting tests and using test results.17 Annex B (informative) Inter-laboratory test data.18 Annex C (informative) Estimation of skin burns .19 Annex D (normative) Calibration procedure21 Annex E (informative) Elements of a computer soft
19、ware program.24 Bibliography .26 BS ISO 13506:2008 Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:13:12 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- v Foreword
20、 ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
21、 committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of elec
22、trotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the
23、 member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for iden
24、tifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 13506 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 94, Personal safety Protective clothing and equipment, Subcommittee SC 13, Protective clothing. BS ISO 13506:2008 Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled
25、Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:13:12 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- vi Introduction The purpose of heat- and flame-resistant protective clothing is to shield the wearer from hazards that can cause burn injury. The clothing
26、can be made from one or more materials. The evaluation of materials for potential use in this type of clothing generally involves two steps. First, the materials are tested to gauge their ability to limit flame spread. They are then tested to determine the rate of heat transferred through them when
27、exposed to a particular hazard. A variety of test methods are used in these two steps, depending on the intended end use of the materials. The first test conducted is the one described in ISO 15025. In this test, a flame of prescribed size is applied to one or several vertically suspended fabric lay
28、er(s) for a prescribed time, and then removed. The location of the flame can be at the lower edge of the specimen or on the face of the material. The length of the flame spread on the material is observed and used as an indicator of the materials ability to support combustion. The second test, that
29、for heat transmission, can involve one or more tests, depending on the intended end use of the materials. For situations where the potential hazard is a contact with a flame, the method used is the one described in ISO 9151. If the hazard is exposure to thermal radiation only, then the method used i
30、s the one described in ISO 6942. Materials to be used in structural fire-fighting clothing can also be tested using ISO 17492. All these test methods use exposure heat flux density levels ranging from 20 kW/m2 to 80 kW/m2. The value depends on the test method and the potential hazard. These tests ar
31、e transient and of short duration. The tests are terminated when a particular end point is reached, such as the temperature rise in a heat sensor located behind the material layer(s). Because these tests are transient, the endothermic and exothermic properties, the material density, the specific hea
32、t and the thermal conductivity of the material(s) are all important parameters in determining the outcome. The samples are conditioned before testing. It is advisable that the specimens tested as outlined above be representative of the garment or ensemble material or component specimens. While these
33、 tests are able to allow a ranking of garment or ensemble materials and components, the tests do not allow a complete assessment of a garment or ensemble made of the materials. All of the above test methods use small amounts of material, up to 150 mm x 150 mm in area, and hold the material initially
34、 flat, either in a vertical or in a horizontal plane. Multiple layers are used where appropriate (e.g. structural fire-fighting ensembles). In this case, the layer normally worn on the exterior is exposed directly to the energy source, while the layer normally worn on the inside is away from the ene
35、rgy source. With the planar orientation and alignment of materials, shrinkage has little effect on the outcome of the test, unless the shrinkage is so severe as to cause holes to form in the material during the exposure to the energy source. Sagging, however, does directly affect the results, as an
36、air gap can form or grow in size, adding an insulating effect. While it is possible to test with the aforementioned test methods seams, zippers, pockets, buttons or other closures, metal and plastic clips or other features that can be included in a full garment like heraldry, company logos, etc., th
37、is is not frequently done because it is difficult to do. These aspects and the overall design features of a garment or ensemble that can affect the performance are best evaluated by testing full garments or ensembles on a manikin, and it is for this purpose that this International Standard was estab
38、lished. In the test method in this International Standard, a stationary, full-sized male form (female forms are under development) is dressed in a complete garment and exposed for a prescribed short duration to a laboratory simulation of a flash fire. The average incident heat flux density to the ex
39、terior of the garment is 84 kW/m2, a value similar to those used in ISO 9151, ISO 6942 and ISO 17492. The data-gathering period is 60 s for single-layer garments and 120 s for any other type of test specimen. Heat sensors fitted to the surface of the manikin are used to measure the heat flux density
40、 variation with time and location on the manikin and to determine the total energy absorbed over the data-gathering period. This information can be used to assist in evaluating the performance of the garment or protective clothing ensembles under the test conditions. It can also be used to estimate
41、the extent and nature of skin damage that a person would suffer if wearing the test garment under similar exposure conditions. BS ISO 13506:2008 Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008
42、 22:13:12 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- vii The manikin is tested in a standing position in initially quiescent air. Controlled air motion for simulating wind effects or body movement is not presently possible, but it is possible to move the manikin throug
43、h a stationary flame. Motion of this nature is not within the scope of this International Standard. Variations in the fit of the test garment that can occur when sitting or bending are not evaluated. The fire simulations are dynamic. As such, the exposure is more representative of an actual industri
44、al accident or structural fire than the exposures used in the bench scale tests mentioned above. The heat flux density resulting from the exposure is neither constant nor uniform over the surface of the manikin/garment. Under these conditions, the results are expected to have more variability than c
45、arefully controlled bench scale tests. In addition, the garment is not constrained to be a flat surface, but is allowed to have a natural drape on the manikin. The effect these variables have on a garment can be seen in several ways: ignition and burning of the garment and heraldry, shrinkage or sag
46、ging in all directions after flaming, hole generation, smoke generation and structural failure of seams. Many of these failures rarely appear in the bench scale testing of the materials because they are a result of garment design variables, interaction between material properties and design variable
47、s, construction techniques and localized exposure conditions that are more severe. Fit of the garment on the manikin is important. A standard garment is specified to minimize the effect of this variable. Experience suggests that testing a garment one size larger than the standard will reduce the tot
48、al energy transferred and percentage body burn by about 5 %. This International Standard is not designed to measure material properties directly, but to evaluate the interaction of material behaviour and garment design. One can compare relative material behaviour by making a series of test garments out of different materials using a common pattern. The performance of the full garments will not necessarily be ranked in the same order as