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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 20202:2004 Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium Cold and tepid ramming pastes Preparation of baked test pieces and determination of loss on baking ICS 71.100.10 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:26:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolle
2、d Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 20202:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 23 December 2004 BSI 23 December 2004 ISBN 0 580 45152 6 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 20202:2004 and implements it as the UK
3、national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/24, Raw materials for the aluminium industry, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The B
4、ritish Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This
5、 publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible inter
6、national/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO
7、title page, pages ii and iii, a blank page, pages 1 to 4, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon
8、Nov 27 04:26:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 20202:2004(E) NINRETOITALAN ADNATSDR ISO 22020 tide tsriFino -400251-70 Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium Cold and tepid ramming pastes Preparation of baked test pieces and determination of loss
9、on baking Produits carbons utiliss pour la production de laluminium Ptes de brasquage froides et tides Prparation dprouvettes cuites et dtermination de la perte la cuisson Referecne unbmer OSI 20202:002)E(4 OSI 4002 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20202 First edition 2004-07-15 obraCnecasuo lairetamesu s
10、d in hte dorpitcuno a folimunuiC mold nad ipetmar dmnig setsap aperP rnoita fo dekab sett ceipdna se edimretnoitafo n o ssoln bnikag rPudosti carbosn tulisis pruo al rpdocuoitn de alluminui m Ptse ed rbsagauqrf eoised t teidse rP raptanoi dprvuottees cuseti et retdminaitd noe la pert e c alusisno BS
11、 ISO 20202:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:26:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii BS ISO 20202:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:26:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization
12、for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has t
13、he right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Interna
14、tional Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publicatio
15、n as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights
16、. ISO 20202 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 47, Chemistry, Subcommittee SC 7, Aluminium oxide, cryolite, aluminium fluoride, sodium fluoride, carbonaceous products for the aluminium industry. BS ISO 20202:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:26:09 GMT+00:00 2006,
17、 Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:26:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI INTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS:20202 O4002(E) 1 Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium Cold and tepid ramming pastes Preparation of baked test p
18、ieces and determination of loss on baking 1 Scope This International Standard describes a method of baking green test specimens made by compacting carbonaceous ramming pastes. It includes the baking procedure (heating rate and holding time) and the determination of the loss on baking (relative mass
19、loss). Baked test specimens of ramming paste need to be prepared for the determination of properties after baking, for instance apparent density, crushing strength and porosity. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For date
20、d references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 4955, Heat-resisting steels and alloys ISO 5725-2, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 2: Basic method for
21、 the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method ISO 14422, Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium Cold-ramming pastes Methods of sampling ISO 14427, Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium Cold and tepid ramming pastes P
22、reparation of unbaked test specimens and determination of apparent density after compaction ASTM E 220, Standard Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples by Comparison Techniques 3 Principle Compacted test specimens of carbonaceous ramming paste are baked in a furnace by raising the temperature
23、at a specified rate to 1 000 C and holding the temperature at this value for 2 h. The mass of each test specimen is measured before and after baking and the loss on baking calculated. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Balance, accurate to 0,1 g. 4.2 Furnace, e.g. an electrically heated muffle furnace or chamber furna
24、ce, with a temperature-control facility enabling it to meet the requirements given in Clause 6. BS ISO 20202:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:26:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 4.3 Baking container with cover, capable of holding the test specimens and ma
25、de from heat-resistant steel (e.g. X15CrNiSi2521 steel as specified in ISO 4955). The distance between the test specimens and between the test specimens and the container walls shall not be less than 10 mm. An example of a suitable container is shown in Figure 1. 4.4 Packing material, consisting of
26、electrographite or calcined petroleum coke, maximum particle size 1 mm. 4.5 Temperature-measuring device, capable of determining the temperature to within 5 C up to 1 000 C, e.g. a type K or S thermocouple calibrated in accordance with ASTM E 220. 5 Sampling Sample the paste in accordance with ISO 1
27、4422. Prepare the test specimens in accordance ISO 14427. 6 Procedure Determine the mass m0 of each unbaked test specimen to the nearest 0,1 g. Insert the test specimens in the baking container (4.3). Surround the test specimens on all sides by at least 10 mm of packing material (4.4). Insert the co
28、ntainer, with its cover fitted, into the furnace (4.2). Heat the furnace in accordance with the heating programme given in Table 1. Table 1 Heating programme Temperature range Heating rate Initial rate of heating Room temperature to 500 C (35 5) Ch1 Subsequent rate of heating 500 C to 1 000 C (100 1
29、0) Ch1 Keep the furnace at a final temperature of (1 000 10) C for 2 h to ensure that all the test specimens reach this temperature. Then allow the furnace to cool down to room temperature. Take the test specimens out of the baking container. Remove any packing material which may be sticking to the
30、surface of the test specimens. Determine the mass m1 of each baked test specimen to 0,1 g. 7 Expression of results Calculate the relative mass loss during the baking process, called the loss on baking, using the following equation: 01 0 100 mm w m = (1) where w is the loss on baking, expressed as a
31、mass fraction in %; m0 is the mass of the green test specimen, in g; m1 is the mass of the baked test specimen, in g. Round the results to the nearest 0,1 % (absolute). BS ISO 20202:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:26:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3 8 Pr
32、ecision (determined in accordance with ISO 5725-2) Repeatability (r) = 0,9 % (absolute) Reproducibility (R) = 2,3 % (absolute) The number of degrees of freedom, i.e. number of laboratories (6) number of samples (4), was 24. NOTE The precision will be influenced by variability in the material. 9 Test
33、 report The test report shall include the following information: a) a reference to this International Standard; b) all details necessary for identification of the sample tested; c) the temperature used for preparation of the green test specimens; d) the results of the test, i.e. the loss on baking;
34、e) the date of the test; f) details of any unusual features noted during the determination; g) details of any operation not included in this International Standard or regarded as optional. BS ISO 20202:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:26:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled
35、Copy, (c) BSI 4 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 test specimen 2 packing material 3 thermocouple Figure 1 Example of a baking container for four specimens BS ISO 20202:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:26:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI blank Licensed Copy:
36、sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:26:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 20202:2004 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standa
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