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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 7970:2000 BS 7274:
2、2000 ICS 67.060 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Specification Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:35:50 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction
3、 of the Consumer Products and Services Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 September 2000 BSI 09-2000 ISBN 0 580 36368 6 BS ISO 7970:2000 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments National foreword This British Sta
4、ndard reproduces verbatim ISO 7970:2000 and implements it as the UK national standard. It supersedes BS 7274: 1990 (1994) which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AW/4, Cereals and pulses, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to under
5、stand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on
6、this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index,
7、or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer i
8、mmunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 13, and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Licensed Copy: sheffiel
9、dun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:35:50 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 7970:2000(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7970 Second edition 2000-06-15 Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) Specification Bl tendre(Triticum aestivumL.) Spcifications Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldu
10、n, na, Mon Nov 27 03:35:50 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 7970:2000(E) ii? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:35:50 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 7970:2000(E) ?iii Contents?Page Foreword.iv 1?Scope 1 2?Normative references1 3?Terms and definiti
11、ons .1 4?Requirements.3 4.1?General characteristics and organoleptic properties3 4.2?Health characteristics .3 4.3?Physical and chemical characteristics3 5?Sampling.4 6?Test methods4 Annex A (informative) Indicative list of harmful and toxic seeds 5 Annex B (normative) Unacceptable mites and insect
12、pests of stored cereals.6 Annex C (normative) Determination of impurities.7 Bibliography13 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:35:50 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 7970:2000(E) iv? Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
13、federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that c
14、ommittee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in acco
15、rdance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention
16、is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 7970 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 34,Agricultural food p
17、roducts, Subcommittee SC 4,Cereals and pulses. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 7970:1989), which has been technically revised. Annexes B and C form a normative part of this International Standard. Annex A is for information only. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun
18、, na, Mon Nov 27 03:35:50 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI INTERNATIONAL STANDARD?ISO 7970:2000(E) ?1 Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) Specification 1?Scope This International Standard lays down minimum specifications for wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) intended for human consumption and which is t
19、he subject of international trade. It also gives an indicative list of harmful and toxic seeds (annex A), a list of unacceptable mite and insect pests of stored cereals (annex B) and a method for the determination of impurities (annex C). 2?Normative references The following normative documents cont
20、ain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to i
21、nvestigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 712,Cereals
22、and cereal products Determination of moisture content (Routine reference method). ISO 3093,Cereals Determination of falling number. ISO 5223,Test sieves for cereals. ISO 6639-3,Cereals and pulses Determination of hidden insect infestation Part 3: Reference method. ISO 6639-4,Cereals and pulses Deter
23、mination of hidden insect infestation Part 4: Rapid methods. ISO 7971,Cereals Determination of bulk density, called “mass per hectolitre“ (Reference method). ISO 7971-2,Cereals Determination of bulk density called “mass per hectolitre“ Part 2: Routine method. ISO 13690,Cereals, pulses and milled pro
24、ducts Sampling of static batches. 3?Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 impurities damaged wheat grains and all organic and inorganic materials other than wheat grains NOTE?The impurities comprise four main categories
25、as follows: damaged wheat grains (3.2), other cereals (3.3), extraneous matter (3.4), and harmful and/or toxic seeds, bunted grains and ergot (3.5). (See also Table C.1.) Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:35:50 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 7970:2000(E) 2? 3.
26、2?Damaged wheat grains 3.2.1 broken grains grains of wheat in which part of the endosperm is exposed NOTE?This includes wheat without germ. 3.2.2 shrivelled grains whole grains, whatever their condition, which pass through a sieve with long rounded apertures 1,70 mm wide 3.2.3?Unsound grains 3.2.3.1
27、 mouldy grains grains which have moulds visible to the naked eye on one-third of the surface and/or in the kernel 3.2.3.2 heat-damaged grains grains which have a chestnut to black coloration resulting from an abnormal increase in the temperature of the grain during storage and/or drying 3.2.4 grains
28、 attacked by pests grains which show damage visible to the naked eye, owing to attack by rodents, insects, mites or other pests 3.2.5 sprouted grains grains which have started to sprout NOTE?Sprouted grains are not taken into account as such, but according to the ?-amylase activity which results fro
29、m their presence and which is expressed as the Falling Number (see 4.3.4). 3.3 other cereals cereal grains belonging to species other thanTriticum aestivumL. 3.4 extraneous matter after removal of ergot, this category includes: ?all the components of the sample, with the exception of grains of other
30、 cereals (3.3), grains of wheat, harmful and/or toxic seeds (3.5.1) and bunted grains (3.5.2), which are retained by a sieve with long rounded apertures 3,55 mm wide, and all the components which pass through a sieve with long rounded apertures 1,00 mm wide (by convention, the latter are considered
31、to be inorganic); ?all the organic components other than grains of wheat, other cereals (3.3), harmful and/or toxic seeds (3.5.1), bunted grains (3.5.2), foreign seeds, fragments of straw, dead insects and fragments of insects, etc., and inorganic components such as stone and sand, which pass throug
32、h a sieve with long rounded apertures 3,55 mm wide and which are retained by a sieve with long rounded apertures 1,00 mm wide 3.5?Harmful and/or toxic seeds, bunted grains and ergot 3.5.1 harmful and/or toxic seeds seeds which if present in quantities above a certain limit may have a damaging or dan
33、gerous effect on health, organoleptic properties or technological performance NOTE?An indicative list of these seeds is given in annex A. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:35:50 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 7970:2000(E) ?3 3.5.2 bunted grains grains filled w
34、ith a fetid-smelling dust comprising the spores of bunts, i.e.Tilletia caries(DC.) Tul. syn.Tilletia tritici (Bjerk.) R. Wolff,Tilletia controversaKhn, syn.Tilletia brevifaciensC.W. Fischer,Tilletia foetida(Wallr.) Liro, syn. Tilletia laevisKhn,Tilletia indicaMitra 3.5.3 ergot sclerotium of the fung
35、usClaviceps purpurea 4?Requirements 4.1? General characteristics and organoleptic properties Wheat grains shall be sound, clean and have no foreign odours or odours denoting any deterioration. 4.2? Health characteristics 4.2.1?Wheat grains shall not contain additives, toxic substances, pesticides re
36、sidues or other contaminants which can affect human health. The maximum levels authorized are laid down by the joint FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission. 4.2.2?Wheat shall be free from the living insects listed in annex B, when determined according to part 3 or 4 of ISO 6639, and of mites when det
37、ermined by the sieving method. 4.3? Physical and chemical characteristics 4.3.1?Moisture content The moisture content of wheat, determined in accordance with ISO 712, shall not be greater than 15,5 % (mass fraction). NOTE?Lower moisture contents are required for certain destinations, in relation to
38、the climate, and duration of transport and storage. For further information, see ISO 6322, parts 1, 2 and 3. 4.3.2?Bulk density The bulk density, called “mass per hectolitre“, of wheat shall be determined using instruments calibrated according to the reference method given in ISO 7971 or, by default
39、, according to the routine method given in ISO 7971-2, and shall not be less than 70 kg/hl. 4.3.3?Impurities The maximum impurities content, determined using the method described in annex C, shall not exceed the value given in Table 1. The maximum content of damaged wheat grains (broken grains, shri
40、velled grains, unsound grains, grains attacked by pests) and other cereals, determined in accordance with the method described in annex C, shall not exceed 15 % (mass fraction) in total. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:35:50 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 79
41、70:2000(E) 4? Table 1 Maximum levels of impurities Impurities?Definition given in?Maximum permissible level % (mass fraction) Broken grains?3.2.1 7 a Shrivelled grains?3.2.2 8 a Unsound grains?3.2.3 1 a Grains attacked by pests?3.2.4 2 a Other cereals?3.3 3 a Extraneous matter?3.4?2 Inorganic materi
42、al?3.4?0,5 Harmful and/or toxic seeds, bunted grains and ergot?3.5?0,5 Each of any toxic seeds?3.5?0,05 Ergot?3.5.3?0,05 a The maximum content of broken grains, shrivelled grains, unsound grains, grains attacked by pests and other cereals shall not exceed 15 % (mass fraction) in total. 4.3.4? ? ? ?-
43、Amylase activity The ?-amylase activity (see 3.2.5), determined in accordance with ISO 3093, and expressed as the Falling Number, shall be not less than 160. 5?Sampling Sampling shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 13690. 6?Test methods The tests shall be carried out using the methods specifi
44、ed in 4.3 and annex C. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:35:50 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 7970:2000(E) ?5 Annex A (informative) Indicative list of harmful and toxic seeds WARNING This is a non-exhaustive list which could be completed if the necessity arose
45、. A.1 Toxic seeds Botanical name?Common name Acroptilon repens(L.) DC. Agrostemma githagoL.Corn-cockle Coronilla variaL.Coronilla, Crown vetch Crotalariaspp.Crotalaria Datura fastuosaL. Datura stramoniumL.Stramony, thorn apple Heliotropium lasiocarpumFisher et C.A. MeyerHeliotrope Lolium temulentumL
46、.Darnel Ricinus communisL.Castor-oil plant Sophora alopecuroidesL.Stagger bush, Russian centaury Sophora pachycarpaSchrank ex C.A. Meyer Thermopsis montanaBuffalo pen Thermopsis lanceolataR. Br. in Aiton Trichoderma incanum A.2 Harmful seeds Botanical name?Common name Allium sativumL.Garlic Cephalar
47、ia syriaca(L.) Roemer et ShultesTeasel Melampyrum arvenseL.Cow-cockle Melilotusspp.Melilot Sorghum halepense(L.) Pers.Johnson grass Trogonella foenum-graecumL.Fenugreek Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:35:50 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 7970:2000(E) 6? Anne
48、x B (normative) Unacceptable mites and insect pests of stored cereals The following are unacceptable in stored cereals: Acarusspp. Cryptolestesspp. Ephestiaspp. Glycyphagusspp. Nemapogon granellaL. Oryzaephilusspp. Plodia interpunctellaHbn. Prostephanus truncatusHorn. Rhizopertha dominicaF. Sitophil
49、usspp. Sitotroga cerealellaOliv. Tenebroides mauritanicusL. Triboliumspp. Trogoderma granariumEverts Tyrophagusspp. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:35:50 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 7970:2000(E) ?7 Annex C (normative) Determination of impurities C.1 Principle The impurities are separated by sieving and are graded into the categories shown in Table C.1. Table C.1 Categories of impurities Category of impurity?Corresponding main category Broken grains Shrivelled grains Unsound grains Grains attacked