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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 8514-2:1992 Implementation of ISO 8514-2:1992 Micrographics Alphanumeric computer output microforms Quality control Part 2: Method UDC 681.327.57:658.562.6 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:49 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 8514-2
2、:1992 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Information and Documentation Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 May 1992 BSI 11-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this sta
3、ndard: Committee reference DOT/16 Draft for comment 89/95565 DC ISBN 0 580 20882 6 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Information and Documentation Standards Policy Committee (DOT/-) to Technical Committee DOT/16, upon which
4、 the following bodies were represented: British Computer Society British Library British Office Technology Manufacturers Alliance British Photographic Association Her Majestys Stationery Office Kodak Limited London Borough of Bromley National Centre for Information Media and Technology (Cimtech) Uni
5、ted Kingdom Association for Information and Image Management The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: Ministry of Defence Ordnance Survey Public Record Office Society of British Aerospace Companies Amendments issued since publicati
6、on Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:49 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 8514-2:1992 BSI 11-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii Forewordiii Text of ISO 8514-21 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun she
7、ffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:49 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 8514-2:1992 ii BSI 11-1999 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 8514-2:1992 and implements it as the UK national standard. Together with BS ISO 8514-1:1992 it supersedes DD 27:1973, which i
8、s withdrawn. This British Standard is published under the direction of the Information and Documentation Standards Policy Committee whose Technical Committee DOT/16 has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international committee any enquiries on in
9、terpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. NOTEInternational and European Standards, as well as overseas standards, are available from BSI Sales Department, BSI, Linford Wood, Milton Ke
10、ynes, MK14 6LE. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This doc
11、ument comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 4, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table o
12、n the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:49 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:49 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 8514-2:1992(E) ii BSI 11-1999 Contents Page Forewordiii
13、1Scope1 2Normative references1 3Definitions1 4Outline of the method1 5Test procedure1 6Density of first generation microform3 7Applications3 Annex A (informative) Distribution copiesInside back cover Figure 1 Image frame combining test slide and the generated test data4 Table 1 Summary of acceptable
14、 density limits3 Descriptors: Micrographics, microforms, computer output microfiches, tests, quality control. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:49 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 8514-2:1992(E) BSI 11-1999iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for
15、Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the r
16、ight to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft Inter
17、national Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 8514-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 171, Mi
18、crographics and optical memories for document and image recording, storage and use. ISO 8514 consists of the following parts, under the general title Micrographics Alphanumeric computer output microforms Quality control: Part 1: Characteristics of the test slide and test data; Part 2: Method. Annex
19、A of this part of ISO 8514 is for information only. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:49 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:49 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 8514-2:1992(E) BSI 11
20、-19991 1 Scope This part of ISO 8514 describes a method for defining and controlling the quality of alphanumeric COM microforms. It also provides a means for controlling the intensity (exposure) settings of the image generator. ISO 8514-1 specifies the characteristics of the test slide and of the te
21、st data used for applying the method. ISO 8514-1 and ISO 8514-2 apply only to COM recorders that use a physical form slide. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 8514. At the time of publicat
22、ion, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 8514 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of cu
23、rrently valid International Standards. ISO 5-2:1991, Photography Density measurements Part 2: Geometric conditions for transmission density. ISO 5-3:1984, Photography Density measurements Part 3: Spectral conditions. ISO 446:1991, Micrographics ISO character and ISO test chart No. 1 Description and
24、use. ISO 3334:1989, Micrographics ISO resolution test chart No. 2 Description and use. ISO 6196-7:, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 07: Computer micrographics1). ISO 8514-1:1992, Alphanumeric computer output microforms Quality control Part 1: Characteristics of the test slide and rest data. ISO 9923:,
25、 Micrographics Transparent A6 microfiche image arrangements1). 3 Definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO 8514, the definitions given in ISO 6196-7 and the following definition apply. 3.1 test slide a form slide, conforming to ISO 8514-1, designed for use in monitoring the quality of output
26、from a COM system 4 Outline of the method The method described is used initially to set up the COM system to yield satisfactory images and later as a means to maintain consistent performance on a day-to-day basis. If several COM recorders are in use, it also provides the means to ensure that equival
27、ent performance is being obtained from each COM recorder. The method first uses the test slide specified in ISO 8514-1 to determine if optimum focus of the image of the test slide is being achieved. This is carried out using the ISO No. 1 or No. 2 test chart. The E-H patterns and density areas and/o
28、r halftone screen scale are then used to establish the proper exposure. The data from the character generator is used to adjust and determine the registration accuracy of the data with the test slide. This is accomplished using the addressing area e. The “E” and “H” characters are used to set up the
29、 exposure from the image generator. In general, this exposure level is established by the user in relation to his own needs. The typical set of COM characters and the characters of similar appearance in area k are used to establish that the data from the image generator are legible. 5 Test procedure
30、 The following procedure consists of obtaining first the best image of the test slide and then of establishing the best image from the image generator. 5.1 Optimizing the test slide image 5.1.1 Optical focus of the test slide Since, in almost all cases, the form slide imaging system is prefocused by
31、 the manufacturer, this test is used to confirm that the minimum resolution specified in 5.1.4 is being achieved. If not, the necessary adjustment shall be made before any other operation is initiated. For that purpose the optical image at the film plane or the real image on the film shall be checke
32、d. In the latter case the value obtained is dependent not only on the COM recorder lens focus but also on the exposure conditions, film type, and processing. The maximum resolving power shall be determined through several tests carried out at various exposure settings ranging from underexposure, thr
33、ough normal exposure to overexposure. To measure the resolution, use either the ISO test chart No. 1 or the ISO resolution test chart No. 2. NOTE 1Maximum resolution is rarely achieved when practical exposure conditions are used. 1) To be published. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun No
34、v 26 12:30:49 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 8514-2:1992(E) 2 BSI 11-1999 5.1.2 Test slide exposure Test “A” Fill a microfiche (or its microfilm equivalent) with images of the test slide using a series of gradually increasing form-flash intensities (line by line or column by column).
35、 Choose the exposure level for the test slide that gives an image in which the thinnest E-H pair (A1) appears underexposed and the heaviest E-H pair (D5) appears overexposed. If more than one pair appears underexposed or overexposed, choose the image in which the amount of under- and overexposure is
36、 equal. Note the exposure setting that gives these results. Once the proper exposure level is chosen, if a densitometer is available, measure the visual diffuse transmission density in accordance with ISO 5-2 and ISO 5-3 of the appropriate density area. For positive-appearing COM images measure the
37、maximum density on the density measuring areaD and for negative-appearing COM images measure the minimum density on the density measuring areaD and note the density of the density measuring areaC. Record the related coordinates of the numbers as “read” on the test microform corresponding to the opti
38、mum exposure. This can be used for future checking of the system to ensure that proper exposure and processing is maintained. If a densitometer is not available, the density balancing areas h may be used as a visual comparison reference. To read the density balancing scale, consider areas as “read”
39、only those having enough visual contrast to distinguish both the white and the black numbers from the background of the areas in which they are located. 5.1.3 COM reduction ratio The reduction ratio shall be in accordance with ISO 9923. The actual reduction ratio of the COM recorder can be checked b
40、y taking the ratio between any element of which the initial dimension on the artwork is indicated (see ISO 8514-1), and the actual dimension on the same element on the microimage. To do this accurately the use of a travelling microscope can be required. It is also essential that the proper reduction
41、 has been used during preparation of the test slide. In most COM systems, using a particular lens, the reduction ratio is fixed, hence this test is useful only in determining if the specifications of this part of ISO 8514 have been met. 5.1.4 COM resolving power The test charts located in area g are
42、 used to determine the resolving power obtained on the microform and to check the focus of the test slide image. When the microform is examined in accordance with ISO 446 or ISO 3334, it should be possible to read, at a reduction ratio 1 : 48, the character 125 of the ISO lest chart No. 1 or the tes
43、t pattern 3.2 of the ISO resolution test chart No. 2. 5.1.5 Legibility control of the test slide image Check the quality of the characters located in areaj. In routine work the overall area should be easily legible. The characters located in areaj are a sample of standard characters recommended for
44、use in making standard (or working) form slides. This test is used to check that a working form slide is of adequate quality. 5.2 Optimizing the image of the image generator 5.2.1 Setting of the Image generator luminance Test “B” Set the test slide exposure to the value determined to be optimum in t
45、est “A”. Next, generate data (see ISO 8514-1, Figure 3) using the image generator. Prior to recording on film, align the dynamic data to the test slide grid. Fill a microfiche (or its microfilm equivalent) with images from the test slide and image generator using gradually increasing generator expos
46、ure. 5.2.2 Legibility and exposure determination Choose the exposure level from the image generator that produces the best images and then using a microscope or a full size blowback microform reader, compare the E-H pairs to those having the same height and line width as a pair from the test slide.
47、Do this for each of the five areasi on the test slide image. Note the number and letter position of each comparable E-H set. 5.2.3 Control of the alignment The grid of areae can be used to check the alignment accuracy of the image generator, the stability of deflection, frame to frame, and any possi
48、ble character distortion or aberration. 5.2.4 COM character set The typical set of COM characters is generated in areak. Examine each character to ensure legibility, particularly the sequence of similar characters, e.g. I, 1, 0, O, Q, B, 8, G, 6, 5, S, Z, 7, 2. etc. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffi
49、eldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:49 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 8514-2:1992(E) BSI 11-19993 Table 1 Summary of acceptable density limits 6 Density of first generation microform Produce images of the test slide on film and make density measurements on these images as follows: 6.1 Density test areas There are two areasf used for the measurement of density. The clear area of the test slide (area B) is used to measure the maximum density when conventional processing is used or to measure the minimum density w