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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 14050:1998 Environmental management Vocabulary ICS 01.040.13; 13.020 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:19:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 14050:1998 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Management
2、Systems Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1998 BSI 08-1999 ISBN 0 580 30245 8 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 14050:1998 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its
3、preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ES/7, Environmental management Terms and definitions, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and
4、keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European p
5、ublications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary
6、provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the ISO tit
7、le page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 10 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: shef
8、fieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:19:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 14050:1998 BSI 08-1999i Contents Page National forewordInside front cover Forewordiii Introduction1 Scope3 Normative reference3 1Terms and definitions3 Annex A (informative) Additional concepts encountered
9、 in the international environmental community8 Index alphabtique10 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:19:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:19:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Licensed C
10、opy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:19:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 14050:1998 ii BSI 08-1999 Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing Intern
11、ational Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with
12、 ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
13、International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 14050 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management, Subcommittee SC 6, Terms and definitions. Annex A of this International Standard is for informatio
14、n only. Descriptors: Environments, environmental protection, management, environmental management, vocabulary. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:19:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 14050:1998 BSI 08-1999iii Avant-propos LISO (Organisation internationale de
15、 normalisation) est une fdration mondiale dorganismes nationaux de normalisation (comits membres de lISO). Llaboration des Normes internationales est en gnral confie aux comits techniques de lISO. Chaque comit membre intress par une tude a le droit de faire partie du comit technique cr cet effet. Le
16、s organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec lISO participent galement aux travaux. LISO collabore troitement avec la Commission lectrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation lectrotechnique. Les projets de Normes international
17、es adopts par les comits techniques sont soumis aux comits membres pour vote. Leur publication comme Normes internationales requiert lapprobation de 75 % au moins des comits membres votants. La Norme internationale ISO 14050 a t labore par le comit technique ISO/TC 207, Management environnemental, s
18、ous-comit SC 6, Termes et dfinitions. Lannexe A de la prsente Norme internationale est donne uniquement titre dinformation. Descripteurs: Milieu, protection de lenvironnement, gestion, management environnemental, vocabulaire. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:19:03 GMT+00:00
19、2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:19:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 14050:1998 BSI 08-19991 Introduction This International Standard contains concepts and their definition as used in the ISO 14000 series of stand
20、ards and related to environmental management. Communication is important in the implementation and operation of Environmental Management Systems. This communication will be most effective if there is a common understanding of the terms used. Many environmental terms and definitions are the result of
21、 recently developed concepts. The gradual evolution of these environmental concepts inevitably means that environmental terminology will continue to develop. The purpose of this document is to convey understanding of the terms used in the published standards in the ISO 14000 series. The terms and de
22、finitions in this International Standard are derived from the following International Standards on environmental management. ISO 14001:1996, Environmental management systems Specification with guidance for use. ISO 14004:1996, Environmental management systems General guidelines on principles, system
23、s and supporting techniques. ISO 14010:1996, Guidelines for environmental auditing General principles. ISO 14011:1996, Guidelines for environmental auditing Audit procedures Auditing of environmental management systems. ISO 14012:1996, Guidelines for environmental auditing Qualification criteria for
24、 environmental auditors. Because of the ongoing work on the development of environmental management standards within ISO/TC 207 including the publication of additional and revised International Standards, this International Standard will be reviewed, and as appropriate revised or amended. Other conc
25、epts which may be encountered in the environmental management field are not defined in this International Standard. However, to aid users of the ISO 14000 standards on environmental management, some of these additional concepts are included with bibliographic references in an informative annex. User
26、s should be aware that the application and description of these concepts vary throughout the international environmental community. Their presence in Annex A is not intended to promote or endorse the use of these concepts. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:19:03 GMT+00:00 200
27、6, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 14050:1998 2 BSI 08-1999 Introduction La prsente Norme internationale comprend des notions et leurs dfinitions telles quutilises dans la srie des normes ISO 14000 relatives au management environnemental. La communication est importante dans la ralisation et le fo
28、nctionnement des Systmes de management environnemental. Cette communication sera dautant plus efficace quil existera une dfinition commune des termes employs. Beaucoup de termes et dfinitions lis lenvironnement sont le rsultat de notions dveloppes rcemment. Cette volution progressive des notions env
29、ironnementales signifie invitablement que la terminologie environnementale va continuer se dvelopper. Lobjet de ce document est de dfinir la signification des termes utiliss dans les Normes internationales publies dans la srie ISO 14000. Les termes et dfinitions de la prsente Norme internationale pr
30、oviennent des Normes internationales suivantes sur le management environnemental. ISO 14001:1996, Systmes de management environnemental Spcification et lignes directices pour son utilisation. ISO 14004:1996, Systmes de management environnemental Lignes directrices gnrales concernant les principes, l
31、es systmes et les techniques de mise en uvre. ISO 14010:1996, Lignes directrices pour laudit environnemental Principes gnraux. ISO 14011:1996, Lignes directrices pour laudit environnemental Procdures daudit Audit des systmes de management environnemental. ISO 14012:1996, Lignes directrices pour laud
32、it environnemental Critres de qualification pour les auditeurs environnementaux. tant donn que le travail actuellement en cours sur le dveloppement des normes de management environnemental, dans le cadre de ISO/TC 207, comprend la publication de Normes internationales nouvelles ou rvises, la prsente
33、 Norme internationale sera examine, et, selon le cas, rvise ou amende. Certaines notions qui pourraient tre rencontres dans le domaine du management environnemental ne sont pas dfinies dans la prsente Norme internationale. Afin daider les utilisateurs des normes ISO 14000 sur le management environne
34、mental, ces notions additionnelles sont nanmoins incluses, avec leurs rfrences bibliographiques, dans une annexe informative. Les utilisateurs sont avertis que lapplication et la description de ces notions varient dans la communaut environnementale internationale. Leur prsence dans lannexe A nest pa
35、s destine promouvoir lutilisation de ces notions. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:19:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 14050:1998 BSI 08-19993 ScopeDomaine dapplication This International Standard contains definitions of fundamental concepts related to en
36、vironmental management, published in the ISO 14000 series of standards. La prsente Norme internationale contient les dfinitions de notions fondamentales, en rapport direct avec le management environnemental, publies dans la srie des normes ISO 14000. Normative referenceRfrence normative The followin
37、g standard contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encourage
38、d to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standard indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 10241:1992, International terminology standards Preparation and layout. La norme suivante contient des dispo
39、sitions qui, par suite de la rfrence qui en est faite, constituent des dispositions valables pour la prsente Norme internationale. Au moment de la publication, ldition indique tait en vigueur. Toute norme est sujette rvision et les parties prenantes des accords fonds sur la prsente Norme internation
40、ale sont invites rechercher la possibilit dappliquer ldition la plus rcente de la norme indique ci-aprs. Les membres de la CEI et de lISO possdent le registre des Normes internationales en vigueur un moment donn. ISO 10241:1992, Normes terminologiques internationales laboration et prsentation. 1 Ter
41、ms and definitions1 Termes et dfinitions In accordance with ISO 10241, in some situations in this International Standard, the special usage of a concept in a particular context is indicated by the qualification given in angle brackets before the definition. Dans quelques cas de la prsente Norme inte
42、rnationale, conformment a lISO 10241, lusage particulier dune notion dans son contexte spcifique est signal par un qualificatif entre crochets angulaires avant la dfinition. 1.11.1 audit conclusionconclusion daudit professional judgement or opinion expressed by an auditor about the subject matter (1
43、.25) of the audit, based on and limited to reasoning the auditor has applied to audit findings (1.4) jugement ou avis professionnel port ou exprim par un auditeur sur lobjet (1.25) audit, et qui se base uniquement sur le raisonnement que lauditeur a appliqu au constat daudit (1.4) 1.21.2 audit crite
44、riacritres daudit policies, practices, procedures or requirements against which the auditor compares collected audit evidence (1.3) about the subject matter (1.25) politiques, pratiques, procdures ou exigences par rapport auxquelles lauditeur compare les preuves daudit (1.3) runies sur l objet (1.25
45、) audit NOTERequirements may include, but are not limited to, standards, guidelines, specified organizational requirements and legislative or regulatory requirements. NOTELes exigences peuvent inclure des normes, des lignes directrices, des exigences spcifies sur lorganisation et des exigences lgale
46、s ou rglementaires, mais ne sont pas limites cela. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:19:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 14050:1998 4 BSI 08-1999 1.31.3 audit evidencepreuve daudit verifiable information, records or statements of fact information, enregist
47、rement ou dclaration de faits vrifiables NOTE 1Audit evidence, which can be qualitative or quantitative, is used by the auditor to determine whether audit criteria (1.2) are met. NOTE 1La preuve daudit, qui peut tre qualitative ou quantitative, permet lauditeur de dterminer si les critres daudit (1.
48、2) sont respects. NOTE 2Audit evidence is typically based on interviews, examination of documents, observation of activities and conditions, existing results of measurements and tests or other means within the scope of the audit. NOTE 2La preuve daudit est en gnral base sur des entrevues, sur lexame
49、n de documents, sur lobservation des activits et des conditions, sur les rsultats existants de mesurages et dessais ou sur tout autre moyen dans les limites du champ de laudit. 1.41.4 audit findingconstat daudit result of the evaluation of the collected audit evidence (1.3) compared against the agreed audit criteria (1.2) rsulta