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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 3085:1996 Implementation of ISO 3085:1996 Iron ores Experimental methods for checking the precision of sampling ICS 78.060.10 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 05:46:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 3085:1996 This British Standard, hav
2、ing been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 March 1997 BSI 12-1998 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference ISE/58 Draft for comment 94/302601
3、DC ISBN 0 580 27034 3 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee ISE/58, Iron ores, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Iron and Steel Producers Association Institution of Mining and Metallurgy
4、Co-opted members Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 05:46:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 3085:1996 BSI 11-1998i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii Forewordii 1Sc
5、ope1 2Normative references1 3Definitions1 4Principle1 5General conditions1 5.1Sampling1 5.2Sample preparation and measurement2 5.3Replication of experiment2 5.4Record of the experiment2 6Method of experiment2 6.1Sampling2 6.2Sample preparation and measurement4 7Analysis of experimental data5 7.1Meth
6、od 15 7.2Method 26 7.3Method 37 8Interpretation of results and action8 8.1Checking for changes in quality variation8 8.2Increasing number of increments8 8.3Increasing mass of increments8 9Test report8 Annex A (informative) Example of experiment on periodic systematic sampling by method 19 Annex B (i
7、nformative) Alternative method for analysis of experimental data14 Annex C (informative) BibliographyInside back cover Figure 1 Schematic diagram for example 13 Figure 2 Schematic diagram for example 23 Figure 3 Flowsheet for method 14 Figure 4 Flowsheet for method 25 Figure 5 Flowsheet for method 3
8、5 Figure A.1 Example of control charts for mean and range (Graphical presentation of data in Table A.113 Table A.1 Example of recording particulars of experiment10 Table A.2 Example of data sheet for checking precision11 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 05:46:54 GMT+00:00 2006,
9、 Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 3085:1996 ii BSI 11-1998 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 3085:1996 and implements it as the UK national standard. This British Standard is published under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board whose Technical Committee ISE/58
10、 has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international committee any enquiries on interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. NOTEIn
11、ternational and European Standards, as well as overseas standards, are available from Customer Services, BSI, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct
12、 application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the ISO title page, page ii, pages 1 to 14, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard
13、has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 05:46:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun,
14、na, Mon Nov 27 05:46:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 3085:1996 ii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out t
15、hrough ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO colla
16、borates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by
17、 at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 3085 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 102, Iron ores, Subcommittee SC 1, Sampling. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 3085:1986), which has been technically revised. Annexes A to C o
18、f this International Standard are for information only. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 05:46:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 3085:1996 BSI 11-19981 1 Scope This International Standard specifies experimental methods for checking the precision of sampling o
19、f iron ores being carried out in accordance with the methods specified in ISO 3081 or ISO 3082. NOTE 1These methods may also be applied for the purpose of checking the precision of sample preparation and measurement. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through re
20、ference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying t
21、he most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 2597-1:1994, Iron ores Determination of total iron content Part 1: Titrimetric method after tin(II) chloride reduction. ISO 3081:1986, Iron ores Increme
22、nt sampling Manual method. ISO 3082:1987, Iron ores Increment sampling and sample preparation Mechanical method. ISO 3083:1986, Iron ores Preparation of samples Manual method. ISO 3084:1986, Iron ores Experimental methods for evaluation of quality variation. ISO 3087:1987, Iron ores Determination of
23、 moisture content of a consignment. ISO 47011), Iron ores Determination of size distribution by sieving. ISO 9507:1990, Iron ores Determination of total iron content Titanium(III) chloride reduction methods. ISO 9508:1990, Iron ores Determination of total iron content Silver reduction titrimetric me
24、thod. ISO 11323:1996, Iron ores Vocabulary. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the definitions given in ISO 11323 apply. NOTE 2The precision of sampling is defined mathematically in ISO 3081:1986, annex A. 4 Principle From twenty lots or more, preferably taking twice as m
25、any increments as specified in ISO 3081 or ISO 3082 and placing the increments alternately into two gross samples. If this is impracticable or the precision testing is carried out in conjunction with routine sampling, the normal number of increments specified in ISO 3081 or ISO 3082 may be used. Pre
26、paration of separate test samples from each gross sample and the determination of relevant quality characteristics. Analysis of the experimental data obtained and calculation of the estimated value of precision of sampling for each selected quality characteristic. Comparison of the estimated precisi
27、on with that specified in ISO 3081 or ISO 3082, and taking the necessary action if the estimated precision does not attain these specified values. 5 General conditions 5.1 Sampling The sampling procedure to be followed shall be selected from the three methods of sampling, viz. periodic systematic sa
28、mpling, stratified sampling or two stage sampling, depending on the method of taking increments from the lot in accordance with ISO 3081 or ISO 3082. 5.1.1 Number of lots To reach a reliable conclusion, it is recommended that the experiment be carried out on more than 20 lots of the same type of iro
29、n ore. However, if this is impracticable, at least 10 lots should be covered. If the number of lots for the experiment is not sufficient, each lot may be divided into several parts to produce more than 20 parts in total for the experiment, and the experiment should be carried out on each part, consi
30、dering each part as a separate lot in accordance with ISO 3081 or ISO 3082. 5.1.2 Number of increments and number of gross samples The number of increments required for the experiment shall preferably be twice the number specified in ISO 3081 or ISO 3082. Hence, if the number of increments required
31、for routine sampling is n1 and one gross sample is made up from these increments, the number of increments required for the experiment shall be 2n1 and two gross samples shall be constituted. 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 4701:1985) Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 05:46
32、:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 3085:1996 2 BSI 11-1998 Alternatively, if the experiment is carried out as part of routine sampling, n1 increments may be taken and two gross samples constituted, each comprising n1/2 increments. In this case, the sampling precision obtained will
33、 be for n1/2 increments. The precision thus obtained must be divided by to obtain the sampling precision for gross samples comprising n1 increments (see clause 7). 5.2 Sample preparation and measurement Sample preparation shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 3082 or ISO 3083. The measurement
34、shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 2597, ISO 9507 or ISO 9508 for total iron content, ISO 3087 for moisture content, and ISO 4701 for size analysis. NOTE 3For the determination of the total iron content, it is preferable to carry out a series of determinations on test samples for a lot over
35、 a period of several days. 5.3 Replication of experiment Even when a series of experiments has been conducted prior to regular sampling operations, the experiments should be carried out periodically to check for possible changes in quality variation and, at the same time, to control the precision of
36、 sampling, sample preparation and measurement. Because of the large amount of work involved, it should be carried out as part of routine sampling, sample preparation and measurement. 5.4 Record of the experiment For future reference and to avoid errors and omissions, it is recommended that detailed
37、records of experiments be kept in a standardized format (see clause 8 and annex A). 6 Method of experiment 6.1 Sampling 6.1.1 Periodic systematic sampling 6.1.1.1 The number of increments, n1, shall be selected from ISO 3081:1986, Table 4 or ISO 3082:1987, Table 4 depending on the mass of the lot an
38、d the classification of quality variation, i.e. “large”, “medium”, or “small”. 6.1.1.2 When 2n1 increments are taken, the sampling interval, m, in tonnes, shall be calculated by dividing the mass, m1, of the lot by 2n1, i.e. giving intervals equal to one-half of the sampling interval for routine sam
39、pling. Alternatively, when the experiment is carried out as part of routine sampling and n1 increments are taken, the sampling interval, m, shall be calculated by dividing the mass, m1, of the lot by n1. The sampling intervals thus calculated shall be rounded down to the nearest 10 t. 6.1.1.3 The in
40、crements shall be taken at the sampling interval determined in 6.1.1.2, with a random start. 6.1.1.4 The increments shall be placed alternately in two containers. Thus, two gross samples, A and B, will be constituted. EXAMPLE 1 (see Figure 1) Suppose that a lot of 19 000 t is transferred by belt con
41、veyors and that the ore is classified as “medium” quality variation, then the number of increments required for routine sampling, n1, is 60, as shown in ISO 3081:1986, Table 4 or ISO 3082:1987, Table 4. When 2n1 increments are taken, the sampling interval for the experiment, m, is given by the equat
42、ion Thus, increments are taken at 150 t intervals. The point for taking the first increment from the first sampling interval of 150 t is determined by a random selection method. If the point for taking the first increment is determined as 20 t from the beginning of handling the lot, subsequent incre
43、ments should be taken at the point 20 + im, where i = 1, 2, ., 2n1 (170 t, 320 t and so on). Since the whole lot size is 19 000 t, 126 increments will be taken. The increments are placed alternately in two containers, and two gross samples, A and B, are constituted, each composed of 63 increments. 6
44、.1.2 Stratified sampling 6.1.2.1 When the number of wagons or containers (hereinafter referred to simply as “wagons”), i.e. the number of strata, n4, forming one lot, is smaller than the number of increments required, n1 given in ISO 3081:1986, Table 4, the number of increments, n3, to be taken from
45、 each wagon (stratum) shall be calculated from the equation. The number of increments thus calculated shall be rounded up to the next higher whole number if 2n1 increments are taken, or to the next higher whole even number if n1 increments are taken. 2 m m1 2n1 - -= m m1 n1 - -= Licensed Copy: sheff
46、ieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 05:46:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 3085:1996 BSI 11-19983 6.1.2.2 When 2n1 increments are taken, 2n3 increments shall be taken from each wagon and shall be separated at random into two partial samples, each of n3 increments. Alternatively, w
47、hen the experiment is carried out as part of routine sampling and n1 increments are taken, n3 increments shall be taken from each wagon and shall be separated at random into two partial samples, each of n3/2 increments. 6.1.2.3 The two partial samples from each wagon shall be combined into two gross
48、 samples, A and B, respectively. NOTE 4If the mass varies from wagon to wagon, the number of increments to be taken from each wagon shall be decided in proportion to the mass of ore in each wagon. This method is called “proportional stratified sampling”. EXAMPLE 2 (see Figure 2) Suppose that a lot i
49、s delivered in 11 wagons each of 60 t capacity and that the quality variation of the ore within wagons, w, is “medium” (see ISO 3084), then the minimum number of increments required, n1, for the 660 t lot is 20, as shown in ISO 3081:1986, Table 4. Thus, the number of increments to be taken from each wagon is Figure 1 Schematic diagram for example 1 Figure 2 Schematic diagram for example 2 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 05:46:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO