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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 15181-2:2007 Paints and varnishes Determination of release rate of biocides from antifouling paints Part 2: Determination of copper-ion concentration in the extract and calculation of the release rate The European Standard EN ISO 15181-2:2007 has the status of a British St
2、andard ICS 87.040 ? BS EN ISO 15181-2:2007 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 September 2007 BSI 2007 ISBN 978 0 580 55943 3 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 15181-2:2007. It supersede
3、s BS EN ISO 15181-2:2004 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee STI/10, Test methods for paints. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include a
4、ll the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 15181-2 J
5、une 2007 ICS 87.040Supersedes EN ISO 15181-2:2004 English Version Paints and varnishes - Determination of release rate of biocides from antifouling paints - Part 2: Determination of copper-ion concentration in the extract and calculation of the release rate (ISO 15181-2:2007) Peintures et vernis - D
6、termination du taux de lixiviation des biocides contenus dans les peintures antisalissures - Partie 2: Dtermination de la concentration ionique du cuivre dans lextrait et calcul du taux de lixiviation (ISO 15181-2:2007) Beschichtungsstoffe - Bestimmung der Auswaschrate von Bioziden aus Antifouling-B
7、eschichtungen - Teil 2: Bestimmung der Kupferionen-Konzentration im Extrakt und Berechnung der Auswaschrate (ISO 15181-2:2007) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 May 2007. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for givin
8、g this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official vers
9、ions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium
10、, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR ST
11、ANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 15181-2:2007: E Foreword This document (EN I
12、SO 15181-2:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35 “Paints and varnishes“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 139 “Paints and varnishes“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publicat
13、ion of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2007. This document supersedes EN ISO 15181-2:2004. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of t
14、he following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovak
15、ia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 15181-2:2007 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 15181-2:2007 without any modifications. EN ISO 15181-2:2007 Reference number ISO 15181-2:2007(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15181-2 Second edition 2007-06-0
16、1 Paints and varnishes Determination of release rate of biocides from antifouling paints Part 2: Determination of copper-ion concentration in the extract and calculation of the release rate Peintures et vernis Dtermination du taux de lixiviation des biocides contenus dans les peintures antisalissure
17、s Partie 2: Dtermination de la concentration ionique du cuivre dans lextrait et calcul du taux de lixiviation EN ISO 15181-2:2007 ii iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Principle. 1 4 Supplementary information required for the copper extraction proced
18、ure. 2 5 Apparatus 2 6 Reagents and materials . 2 7 Test samples . 2 8 Procedure 3 9 Calculation and expression of results 4 10 Precision 7 11 Test report . 7 Annex A (normative) Supplementary information required for the copper extraction procedure 9 Bibliography. 10 EN ISO 15181-2:2007 iv Foreword
19、 ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
20、 committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of elec
21、trotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the
22、 member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for iden
23、tifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15181-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 9, General test methods for paints and varnishes. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15181-2:2000), which has been technically revised.
24、 ISO 15181 consists of the following parts, under the general title Paints and varnishes Determination of release rate of biocides from antifouling paints: Part 1: General method for extraction of biocides Part 2: Determination of copper-ion concentration in the extract and calculation of the releas
25、e rate Part 3: Calculation of the zinc ethylene-bis(dithiocarbamate) (zineb) release rate by determination of the concentration of ethylenethiourea in the extract Part 4: Determination of pyridine-triphenylborane (PTPB) concentration in the extract and calculation of the release rate Part 5: Calcula
26、tion of the tolylfluanid and dichlofluanid release rate by determination of the concentration of dimethyltolylsulfamide (DMST) and dimethylphenylsulfamide (DMSA) in the extract EN ISO 15181-2:2007 v Introduction By using standard conditions of temperature, salinity and pH at low biocide concentratio
27、ns in the surrounding artificial seawater, a repeatable value of the release rate under the specified laboratory conditions can be determined using the method given in this part of ISO 15181, which can be used for quality assurance and material selection purposes. The actual release rate of biocides
28、 from antifouling paints on ships hulls into the environment will, however, depend on many factors, such as ship operating schedules, length of service, berthing conditions, paint condition, as well as the temperature, salinity, pH, pollutants and biological community in a particular area. The resul
29、ts of this test do not reflect environmental biocide release rates for antifouling products and are not suitable for direct use in the process of generating environmental-risk assessments, producing environmental- loading estimates or for establishing release rate limits for regulatory purposes. In
30、comparison with copper and organotin release rates obtained either by direct or indirect measurements of the copper release rate from ships hulls and from measurements made on panels exposed in harbours, all available data indicate that the results obtained using this generic test method significant
31、ly overestimate the release rates of biocides under in-service conditions. Published results demonstrate that the results of this test method are generally higher than direct in situ measurements of copper and organotin release rates from in-service ship hulls by a factor of about 10 or more for sev
32、eral commercial antifouling coatings 1, 2. A similar relationship is expected to be found for other biocides. Realistic estimates of the biocide release rate from a ships hull under in-service conditions can only be obtained from this test method if this difference is taken into account. Where the r
33、esults of this test method are used in the process of generating environmental-risk assessments, producing environmental-loading estimates or for regulatory purposes, it is most strongly recommended that the relationship between laboratory release rates and actual environmental inputs be taken into
34、account to allow a more accurate estimate of the biocide release rate from antifouling coatings under real-life conditions to be obtained. This can be accomplished through the application of appropriate correction factors 2. EN ISO 15181-2:2007 blank 1 Paints and varnishes Determination of release r
35、ate of biocides from antifouling paints Part 2: Determination of copper-ion concentration in the extract and calculation of the release rate 1 Scope This part of ISO 15181 specifies the apparatus and analytical method for determining the amount of copper (based) biocide that has been released from a
36、n antifouling paint into artificial seawater in accordance with the procedure given in ISO 15181-1. It determines the copper-ion concentration and gives the final calculation for the release rate of copper under the specified laboratory conditions. This part of ISO 15181 is designed to generally all
37、ow the concurrent determination of copper ions and other biocides that might be released by a given antifouling paint through the analysis of separate sub-samples of an artificial seawater extract generated in accordance with the procedure given in ISO 15181-1, and analysed in accordance with the pr
38、ocedures given in other parts of this International Standard. When used in conjunction with ISO 15181-1, the practical limits on the quantitative measurement of release rates by this method are from 1,8 gcm2d1 to 500 gcm2d1. The quantitative measurement of release rates below this range will require
39、 the use of an analytical method with a lower limit of quantitation for copper in artificial seawater than the limit specified in 5.1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applie
40、s. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods ISO 15181-1:2007, Paints and varnishes Determination of release rate of biocides from antifouling paints Part 1: G
41、eneral method for extraction of biocides ASTM D 6442-06, Standard Test Method for Determination of Copper Release Rate from Antifouling Coatings in Substitute Ocean Water 3 Principle The concentration of the copper ions released into artificial seawater in accordance with the procedure given in ISO
42、15181-1 is determined by the use of an atomic absorption spectrometer or by an alternative analytical method, provided that it demonstrates a limit of quantitation for copper in artificial seawater of 10 g/l or less. The release rate of the biocide is then calculated as copper metal. EN ISO 15181-2:
43、2007 2 4 Supplementary information required for the copper extraction procedure The items of supplementary information required to be able to use the general extraction procedure, described in ISO 15181-1, for copper-based biocides are given in Annex A. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Atomic absorption spectrometer
44、, preferably with autosampler, or other suitable instrument, which has a limit of quantitation for copper in artificial seawater of 10 g/l or less. The limit of quantitation shall be determined by the procedure given in Annex 2 (Determination of the LOQ for Copper in Substitute Ocean Water for the A
45、nalytical Method) of ASTM D 6442-06. 5.2 Mechanical shaker, with appropriate holders. 5.3 Dispensers, automatic or repeating, for reagents. 5.4 Pipettes, of appropriate volume, with disposable tips. 5.5 Volumetric flasks, of appropriate volume. 5.6 Sample tubes, of appropriate capacity, with screw c
46、losures, made of an inert material. NOTE Polypropylene, polycarbonate and borosilicate glass have been found to be suitable. 6 Reagents and materials Suppliers material safety data sheets should be consulted for details of any hazards associated with the reagents listed below, and the risks associat
47、ed with their use should be assessed. Appropriate protective clothing and equipment should be utilized. Unless otherwise specified, use only reagents of recognized analytical grade. 6.1 Cleaning reagents. Use one of the following reagents for cleaning all the equipment: 6.1.1 Hydrochloric acid, conc
48、entrated aqueous solution, 37 % by mass. 6.1.2 Hydrochloric acid, aqueous solution, 10 % by volume. 6.2 Nitric acid, concentrated ( approximately 1,42 g/ml). 6.3 Artificial seawater, as defined in ISO 15181-1. 6.4 Water, conforming to the requirements of grade 2 of ISO 3696. 7 Test samples Use extra
49、cts taken from the release rate measuring containers as described in ISO 15181-1. EN ISO 15181-2:2007 3 8 Procedure 8.1 General Carry out all determinations on the extract using the following method. An alternative method of analysis is allowed providing it has a limit of quantitation for copper ions in artificial seawater of 10 g/l or less, determined by the procedure given in Annex 2 (Determination of the LOQ for Copper in Substitute Ocean Water f