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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 10414-2:2002 Petroleum and natural gas industries Field testing of drilling fluids Part 2: Oil-based fluids ICS 75.180.10 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 06:33:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 10414-2:2002 This British Standard, ha
2、ving been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 August 2002 BSI 28 August 2002 ISBN 0 580 40291 6 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 104
3、14-2:2002 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee PSE/17, Materials and equipment for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, to Subcommittee PSE/17/-/3, Drilling and completion fluids and well cements,
4、which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section en
5、titled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Complia
6、nce with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related i
7、nternational and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to vi, pages 1 to 72, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates w
8、hen the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 06:33:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 10414-2:2002(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10414-2 First edition 2002-07-15 Petr
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15、fieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 06:33:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iii Contents Page Forewordv Introductionvi 1 Scope1 2 Term and definition .2 3 Abbreviated terms.2 4 Determination of drilling fluid density (mud weight).2 4.1 Principle2 4.2 Apparatus.2 4.3 Procedure.3 4.4 Calculation .3 5
16、Alternative method for determination of drilling fluid density4 5.1 Principle4 5.2 Apparatus.5 5.3 Procedure.5 5.4 Calculation .5 6 Viscosity and gel strength6 6.1 Principle6 6.2 Determination of viscosity using the Marsh funnel.6 6.3 Determination of viscosity and/or gel strength using a direct-ind
17、icating viscometer.6 7 Filtration9 7.1 Principle9 7.2 High temperature/high pressure test up to 175 C (350 F) 9 7.3 High temperature/high pressure test 175 C (350 F) up to and including 230 C (450 F)11 8 Retort test for oil, water and solids contents .13 8.1 Principle13 8.2 Apparatus.14 8.3 Procedur
18、e.14 8.4 Calculation .15 9 Chemical analysis of oil-based drilling fluids 16 9.1 Principle16 9.2 Reagents and apparatus.17 9.3 Whole-drilling-fluid alkalinity .17 9.4 Whole-drilling-fluid chloride content.18 9.5 Whole-drilling-fluid calcium content .19 10 Electrical stability test.20 BS ISO 104142:2
19、002BS ISO 104142:2002 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 06:33:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv 10.1 Principle20 10.2 Apparatus .20 10.3 Equipment calibration/performance test.21 10.4 Electrical stability measurements21 11 Lime, salinity and solids calculations .2
20、2 11.1 Principle22 11.2 Apparatus .22 11.3 Whole-drilling-fluid calculations23 11.4 Aqueous phase calculations24 11.5 Solids calculations 27 Annex A (informative) Measurement of shear strength using shearometer tube 32 Annex B (informative) Determination of oil and water content of cuttings.34 Annex
21、 C (informative) Determination of aqueous-phase activity of emulsified water using an electrohygrometer37 Annex D (informative) Determination of aniline point.41 Annex E (informative) Lime, salinity and solids calculations.44 Annex F (informative) Sampling, inspection and rejection of drilling mater
22、ials 56 Annex G (informative) Rig-site sampling58 Annex H (informative) Determination of cutting activity by the Chenevert method 60 Annex I (informative) Chemical analysis of active sulfides by the Garrett gas train method.63 Annex J (informative) Calibration and verification of glassware, thermome
23、ters, viscometers, retort kit cup and drilling fluid balances .67 Bibliography 72 BS ISO 104142:2002BS ISO 104142:2002 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 06:33:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI v Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a w
24、orldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented
25、on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafte
26、d in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Stand
27、ard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 10414 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 10414-2 was
28、prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 3, Drilling and completion fluids and well cements. ISO 10414 consists of the following parts, under the general title Petroleum and natural gas industrie
29、s Field testing of drilling fluids: Part 1: Water-based fluids Part 2: Oil-based fluids. Annexes A to J of this part of ISO 10414 are for information only. BS ISO 104142:2002BS ISO 104142:2002 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 06:33:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
30、vi Introduction This part of ISO 10414 is based on API RP 13B-2, third edition, February 1998. As with any laboratory procedure requiring the use of potentially hazardous chemicals, the user is expected to have received proper knowledge and training in the use and disposal of these chemicals. The us
31、er is responsible for compliance with all applicable local, regional, and national requirements for worker and local health, safety and environmental liability. In this part of ISO 10414, where practical, US customary units are included in brackets for information. BS ISO 104142:2002BS ISO 104142:20
32、02 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 06:33:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI INTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS-41401 O2:(2002E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr 1 Petroleum and natural gas industries Field testing of drilling fluids Part 2: Oil-based fluids 1 Scope This part of
33、 ISO 10414 provides standard procedures for determining the following characteristics of oil-based drilling fluids: a) drilling fluid density (mud weight); b) viscosity and gel strength; c) filtration; d) oil, water and solids contents; e) alkalinity, chloride content and calcium content; f) electri
34、cal stability; g) lime and calcium contents, calcium chloride and sodium chloride contents; h) low-gravity solids and weighting material contents. Annexes A, B, C, D, H and I provide additional test methods that may optionally be used for the determination of i) shear strength, j) oil and water cont
35、ents from cuttings, k) drilling fluid activity, l) aniline point, m) cuttings activity, n) active sulfides. Annexes F, G and J provide procedures that may optionally be used for o) sampling, inspection and rejection, p) rig-site sampling, q) calibration and verification of glassware, thermometers, v
36、iscometers, retort kit cups and drilling fluid balances. BS ISO 104142:2002 1 BS ISO 104142:2002BS ISO 104142:2002 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 06:33:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS-41401 O2:(2002E) 2 I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr Annex E provides examples
37、of calculations for r) lime, salinity and solids content. 2 Term and definition For the purposes of this part of ISO 10414, the following term and definition applies: 2.1 ACS reagent grade grade of chemical meeting the purity standards specified by the American Chemical Society (ACS) 3 Abbreviated t
38、erms ACS American Chemical Society CAS Chemical Abstracts Service EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ES electrical stability HT/HP high temperature, high pressure OCMA Oilfield Chemical Manufacturers Association PNP propylene glycol normal-propyl ether PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene TC to contain TD
39、 to deliver USC United States Customary (units) 4 Determination of drilling fluid density (mud weight) 4.1 Principle A procedure is given for determining the mass of a given volume of liquid (= density). The density of drilling fluid is expressed as grams per cubic centimetre, or kilograms per cubic
40、 metre. 4.2 Apparatus 4.2.1 Any density-measuring instrument having an accuracy of 0,01 g/cm3 or 10 kg/m3. The mud balance is the instrument generally used for drilling fluid density determinations. The mud balance is designed such that the drilling fluid holding cup, at one end of the beam, is bala
41、nced by a fixed counterweight at the other end, with a sliding-weight rider free to move along a graduated scale. A level-bubble is mounted on the beam to allow for accurate balancing. Attachments for extending the range of the balance may be used when necessary. BS ISO 104142:2002 2 BS ISO 104142:2
42、002BS ISO 104142:2002 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 06:33:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS-41401 O2:(2002E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr 3 The instrument should be calibrated frequently with fresh water. Fresh water should give a reading of 1,00 g/cm3 or 1 0
43、00 kg/m3 at 21 C (70 F). If it does not, adjust the balancing screw or the amount of lead shot in the well at the end of the graduated arm as required. 4.2.2 Thermometer, with a range of 0 C to 105 C (32 F to 220 F). 4.3 Procedure 4.3.1 The instrument base should be set on a flat, level surface. 4.3
44、.2 Measure the temperature of the drilling fluid and record. 4.3.3 Fill the clean, dry cup with drilling fluid to be tested; put the cap on the filled drilling-fluid holding cup and rotate the cap until it is firmly seated. Ensure that some of the drilling fluid is expelled through the hole in the c
45、ap, in order to free any trapped air or gas. 4.3.4 Holding the cap firmly on the drilling-fluid holding cup (with cap hole covered), wash or wipe the outside of the cup clean and dry. 4.3.5 Place the beam on the base support and balance it by moving the rider along the graduated scale. Balance is ac
46、hieved when the bubble is under the centreline. 4.3.6 Read the drilling fluid density at the edge of the rider toward the drilling-fluid cup. Make appropriate corrections when a range extender is used. 4.4 Calculation 4.4.1 Report the drilling fluid density, s, to the nearest 0,01 g/cm3 or 10 kg/m3.
47、 4.4.2 To convert the reading to other units, use the following: 3 s 1 000g/cm= (1) 3 s 16lb/ft= (2) s 119,8lb/US gal= (3) where s is the density, expressed in kilograms per cubic metre. s = 9,81 g/cm3 (4) s = 0,0226 psi/1 000 ft (5) where s is the drilling fluid density gradient, expressed in kilop
48、ascals per metre. A list of density conversions from SI to USC units is given in Table 1. BS ISO 104142:2002 3 BS ISO 104142:2002 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 06:33:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS-41401 O2:(2002E) 4 I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr Table 1 Den
49、sity conversions between SI and USC units Grams per cubic centimetrea Kilograms per cubic metre Pounds per US gallon Pounds per cubic foot g/cm3 kg/m3 (lb/US gal) (lb/ft3) 0,70 700 5,8 43,6 0,80 800 6,7 49,8 0,90 900 7,5 56,1 1,00 1 000 8,345b 62,3 1,10 1 100 9,2 68,5 1,20 1 200 10,0 74,8 1,30 1 300 10,9 81,0 1,40 1 400 11,7 87,2 1,50 1 500 12,5 93,5 1,60 1 600 13,4 99,7 1,70 1 700 14,2 105,9 1,80 1