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1、COMMISSION INTERNATIONALE DE LECLAIRAGE INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ILLUMINATION INTERNATIONALE BELEUCHTUNGSKOMMISSION DAYLIGHT Pub. No. CIE 16 1st Edition i970 UDC: 628.921 Descriptors: Dayllghting, design 628.922 Side lighting 628.924 Fenestration 628.928 Top lighting COPYRIGHT International Commi
2、ssion on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services C I E Lb 70 . P 9006345 OOOOL70 UT6 Experte and Corresponding Membere of C . 1 . E . Daylight Committee E - 3 . 2 during period of preparing th
3、is document 1959-63 1963-67 Chalman S ocre tary Experts Correrponing member8 _ _ R a Cadierguee F A , DIS 8 ler R ) AU3 w.Arndt D J.W. Griffith USA P,Petherbridb OB Ha Z l j l IL Cupnar Pletje1 S W.H.H. Rennhaok: k=P ZA R . Dogaiaux B Mogens Voltelea D L . Plaza Monter0 E Unto Toivonen F J O MOEhly
4、I L V. Pittaluga I S . Ogiao Japan V, Krch cs N . M . Cusev so B . Kojio YD i) alro chairman from 1960 Mogene Voltelen DK Ib Overen DK J a Kroohmann D R a Dogniaux B J.W. Griffith USA Ja Esaher-Derrivibrer P R.G. Hopkineon I . V. Ierland R, Kittler NaMa Guser Ba Kojla V.M,E, Renuhack- kamp J. Kendri
5、ok KO Oslbresth L . ilaza bIontero A i Gregor Am Neeman E. Peruccs H a RUSIOk8 Sa Ogiao E. Hellern 2. Radwanaki O, Matei K . O . Lbf W, Mafthir GB LJL cs su Yu ZA AUS A CDN E H I L * I Japan B PL R S CH COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services COPY
6、RIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services CIE Lb i 0 9006345 00003L T32 = -m- INTRODUCTORY NOTE FROM THE CHAIRMAN OF COMMITTEE E-3.2 This document has a rather long and eventful genesie within the CXE. Early i n 1957 the Scope Commiitee R) aeked the com
7、mittee W-3.2. t o “decide on one or a amall number of methods of daylight caloulation which the CIE oan recommend t o the various interested professions“, and at a meting i n Paris i n September, 1957, the oommittee W-3.2. agreed to prepare 8 WIE guide for the calculation of natural ligh- ting (inol
8、uding 8unlight)tI. In November 1957 questionnaires wem rent out to the members of the committee, and the Britieh Expert Member Mr. P . Petherbridge accepted to prepare a draft to the guide (Part I, overaart sky). “hie draft was presented to the committee i n Bruesel8 i n June, 1959, and a number of
9、amendments were euggeated. The amended draft was oirculated to the members i n October, 1959, and a s o sent to the National Committees for information. This draft met with some approval but also with considerable oppoeition, particular- ly f r o m the French National Committee. The French Expert of
10、 E - j . 2 . , Mr. Eecher-Desrivires subsequently agreed to prepare a new draft, vhich was ciroulated to the members late in 1960 and met with predo- minant approval. The then chairman, Dr. A. Drealer, Australia, how- ever, found that the acceptance of t h i s version would have been con- troversial
11、 to the inetructions given by the Scope Committee, and he raked this committee for advice. The Scope Committee from its meeting i n June 1961 gave a detai- led instruction for the further work (which is quoted i n f u l l i n the Proceeding8 from the Vienna session, p. 363). A t a meeting i n Copen-
12、 hagen i n September 1961, attended by 10 members of the committee and also by the chairman of the Scope Committee,.Yrof. L . Schneider, Ger- many, the subject was very thoroughly discussed and it waa finally nnanimouely decided that the guide should put forward an example of a “eimpletl method baee
13、d on recently published Australian material, and i n the eecond part of the guide all other available inethode of calculating daylight should be listed together with complete refe- rences. The Australian expert and chairman of the committee, Dr. A . Drealer, w a s asked t o prepare a draft of this n
14、ew version of the guide. This draft wae oirculated to the members i n Kay 1963 and discussed at the presessional meeting in Vienna in June, 1963. A aeries of amend- mente were adopted and passed to Dr. Dresler. Shortly after that, Dr. Dresler died, but the Australian committee promised to complete t
15、he i) former name for the Action Committee, COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services - CIE Lb 70 9006145 OOOOL72 979 -N- work. Mr. James C. Loweon and 31r.
16、 I). Hwhes kindly took the re- 6pOnSibilify for t i l e . It proved neoessary to rearrange 8ome of the contente and a general revision was finally undertaken. The revised draft was in the main preeented and discussed at the meetiw of the committee i n Newcastle-upon-Tyne i n A p r i l , 1965, where
17、14 members of the committee wcre present o r represented. i n the beginning of 1966 the new, ooapleted and revised draft from the present Australian au- thors w a s oirculated to the members of the committee for their final approval. A t this time some neu viewpoints on the transmittance fac- tors o
18、f glasses had been diaculiseri internationally and had also been introduced i n the discuesioa of the factors used i n the guide. These problema were presented t o the members i n a circular letter and the vote of the experte were requested. The comments received from the experts were partly quite e
19、laborate and particularly Belgium, France, Great Britain and U . C . S . R . had critical comenta or eugcested amend- ments. The chairman corresponded with all the experts mentioned and with the authors. This resulted i n some minor, but partly oseential Improvements, which I hope w i l l satisfy al
20、l concerned. The final edi- tion, wnich i a presented here, has taken into account the typographi- cal presentation to the userBr including a clear-cut indication of the purpose and the limite of the particular method introduced. Kogene Voltelen chairman of E - 3 . 2 . (1963 - 1967) COPYRIGHT Intern
21、ational Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services CIE 16 i 0 9006345 0000173 805 9 -V- C O N T E N T S P . F A C E 1 PART I: A SIMPLE GRAPHICAL METHOD OF PREDICTING DAYLIGHT BASED
22、ON THE C.I.E. STANDARD OVERCAST SKY . 4 1.1 PRINCIPLES OF DAYLIGHT DESIGN . 4 1.1.1 External Illumination 5 1.1.2 Internal Illumination 8 1.1.3 Relationship between External and Internal Illumination: Daylight FBctor 9 1.1.4 Necessary Allowances . 17 . 1.1.5 C.I.E. Standard Overcast SICY . 13 1.2 DA
23、YLIGHT DESIGN DATA - GENERAL 16 1.2.1 Correction Factors . 17 1.3 INTERIORS LIT BY VERTICAL WI.WS . 20 1.3.1 Deeign Diagram8 for Windowe in O m Wall Only 1.3.2 Design Diagrams for Windows in Opposite Walle 1.3.3 Method of U8e 23 (Unilateral lighting) 22 (Bilateral lighting) . 23 1.4 INTERIORS LIT BY
24、 SKYLIGHTS 24 1.4.1 Design Diagrams f o r S . l i g h t s 25 1.4.2 Correction Factors . 25 1.4.3 Method of Use 25 1.5 INTERIORS LIT BY SAWTOOTH ROOFS . 26 1.5.1 Design Diagrams for Sawtooth Roofs . 26 1.5.2 Correction factor s 27 1.5.3 Method of Use 27 1.6.1 Design Diagrams for Monitor Roof6 28 1.6
25、INTERIORS LIT BY MONITOR ROOFS 27 1.6.2 Correction Factors . 28 1.6.3 Method of Use 29 1.7 WORIU3D E . . S . 29 1.7.1 Vertical Windows in One Wall . 29 1.7.2 Vertical Windows in Opposite Walle . 33 1.7.4 Sawtooth Roofa . 40 1.7.5 Monitor Roofs 43 1.7.3 Skylights 36 PART II: OPKER METHODS FOR PREDICT
26、IG DAYLIGHT . 48 2.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE LIST OF METHODS . 48 2.2 LIST OF METHODS . 49 COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services CIE Lb 70 900b145 0000174 7
27、41 Contents. After “1.2.1. Corrections pacto ri but this theoretical maximum perforwuro lorol COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services CIE Lb 70 9006345 OO
28、OOL75 688 W is Of -VII- approached aeymptotlcally eo that attainment the larit few per cent of the theoretical ma- ximum performance may require an enormous incre- ase i n the tmk illumination and coneequeatly 8 dieproportionate increaee In the lightlag coat. In practice, therefore, recommended illu
29、mination values represent a compromee between theoreti- cal and economic factors; and this reeulte In differences in the valuee quoted f o r one and the ame vleual taak in the various National codes and etaudarde. However, if we Section 1.1.4.1 a),DaRes 11 and 12: Delete the laat 5 lines on page 11
30、and the f l r e t 3 linea on page 12 end re- place with: a ) The tranemittance of the glaeinq. Thle is go- verned by the type of material and number of lay- er8 (e.g. single or double glazing). The data eau usually be obtained from the manufacturer or sup- plier of the material; and table II show th
31、e ef- fect of varying the glase tranemittance. Glaeiug materials can also be claeeifled a8 “clearn or ltdiffusinglt. It ahould be noted . Ia the third para. on page 12 in the 6th line re- place nskylightelt with “rooflights“. Section l.t.4., c), P age 7 2 : Line 8ead13.12.lnetead of ?122.1q1. The en
32、d .a W a paragrAph.might -ad nore emoothly if wed to the following: Wornpared with other refereaces i n the literature, the factors quoted in table III for horieontal and near-horizontal rooflight a are probably a little severe.f1 e Section 1.1.4., d), D age 13: The laat 4 linea run: Where the obstr
33、uction8 do not fulfil these re- quirements, m estimate w i l l have to be made of the equivalent horieontal obetructloa of imflni%e length aseumed in fig. 1 and in the relevant dia- grame. It tl particularly the ceiling. Thla point ie dealt w i t h i n eection 1.2.1.3.11 Section 1.2.1.1., page 18: T
34、he footnoteshould be replaced by: +) Pending international agreement on the etan- COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services CIE 3b 70 9006345 OOOOLb 514 -VI
35、II- derdisation of measurement or calculation of the tranamittance of light through a window pane this document employs the diffuse tranamittance. (i .e. the transmittance forme incident light) However, it should be noted that (for reasons ex- plained in the Preface) the correction factors are in ro
36、und figures; consequeaty, whilst trens- mittancea based on other definition8 may differ slightly from the diffuse transmittance, the va- riation is too small to be of practical mportan- ce when applying the aimplified system described in this part of the Guide. Section 1.2.1 page 22, para. 3, line 4
37、: The note in brackets nSee sketch iu Section 1.2.l should be cha:iged to “See Pig. 1“ Section 1.7.2 sub-section (h), p age 34: The third line of this sub-aection should be read If or exceeded for 8$ of a i l Section 1.7.3 Example I, last pare. page 36: Here the words Itordinary intermittenttt shoul
38、d be deleted meking the pa8eage read It. . the performance of taskr, re- quiring at least 7 im/ft2 . .“ . . Figure 8 : Under thiB figure should be added: NOTE: In a l l cases the room length muat not be lea8 than the room depth. COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Informat
39、ion Handling Services COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services CIE Lb 70 9006345 0000177 450 I P r e f a c e The main purpoae of this guide i e to help architecte, civil engineers, building inspectoris and other pereon8 who deal with natural lighti
40、ng problema in buildings by providing them with 8 meane of computing and checking interior daylight levele simply yet with adequete accuracy. In recent yema techniquee for predicting daylight levels have become more precise than they used to be, but have at the eame time become more complicated. The
41、 object of the guide l e to reduce a few of these techniques into a method simple enough to apply to everyday lighting design probleme, (Part I). The CIE method is designed for simple and easy eetimation of the eufficiency of daylight in uncomplicated rooms under average oon- ditions. Conaequently,
42、the accuracy to be expected is not the highest ob- tainable, but still adequate for moat purposes. Usere are advised to read the preface and section 1.1. before applying the method. In addition, the Guide contains a comprehensive list of other.method8 of predicting daylight in buildings, ( P A II) .
43、 From f u s list those who would like to epecialirte in daylight design can select the methods which will best aeme their pur- pose in any one ca8e. From the many methods available the Daylight Committee of the C.I.E. has selected as an example of a simple method of day- light prediction, techniques
44、 that were developed in Australia independently by the Department of Labour and National Service in Melbourrie endthe Commonwealth Experimental Building Station in Sydney. (i) (2) (3) . !Phis method assume8 a eky uminance distri- (1) Inbuetria Data Sheet8 L2 - Raturai Lighting or Buidinge: Daylight
45、Deeip Dcgrama, Department of Labour and National Semice , Melbourne, 1963 (2) Notee on the Science of Building, No.56: Daylighting of Buil- dings, Com. Experimental Building Station, Sydney, rev. edl- tion: Nov. 1962. I (3) D. Paix, The Design of Euildinge for Daylight. Bulletin No. 7, Com. Experime
46、ntal Building Station, Sydney, 1962. COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services CIE 26 70 9006145 OOOOL8 397 -2- bution defined by the C.I.E., viz. the C.I.E
47、. Standard Otrercaot S k y ) . For rooms w i t h vertical windows in one wall or i n two op- poeite w a l l s the method of presenting reaulte adopted by the Sta- tion hae been applied to the Depertmente Daylight Design Dia- grams Theee diagrame give the loweet level of daylight that is avail- able
48、i n a room, either at a dietance of 2 f t D (60 cm) from the rear w a l l along the cectre line of rooms having windowa i n one wall or 8t or near the centre of room w i t h windows i n two opposite walle. Here, the wide variation i n daylight level encountered i n rooms lit by side windowe makes it
49、 necessary t o base design on the ninimmn condition. On the other hand, in room8 w i t h overhead ligh- ting it is possible to achieve nuoh greater uoiiornlty and the diagrama dealing with various types of rooflight (i.e., akylighte, satcrtcoth and monitor roofs) give the aversge level of daylighting that is available over the whole working area under these roof- lights * To make the average level a meaningful figure, the level of illumination over the whole area must be reaaonably uniform and t.hepreoautionargmeasures t o eneur