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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2001 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Identification cards Contactless integrated circuit(s) cards Proximity cards Part 2: Radio frequency power and signal interface ICS 35.240.15 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 21 05:52:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncon
2、trolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2001 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the DISC Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 September 2001 BSI 2006 ISBN 0 580 37321 5 National foreword This British Standard
3、 reproduces verbatim ISO/IEC 14443-2:2001, including amendment 1:2005, and implements it as the UK national standard. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by ISO/IEC amendment is indicated in the text by tags !“. Tags indicating changes to ISO/IEC text carry the number of the ISO/IEC a
4、mendment. For example, text altered by ISO/IEC amendment A1 is indicated in the text by !“. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/17, Identification Cards and Related Devices, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to
5、 the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained
6、 on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of t
7、he BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summar
8、y of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO/IEC title page, pages ii to vi, pages 1 to 13 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments 15
9、80928 April 2006See national foreword Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 21 05:52:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO/IEC 14443-2:2001(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 14443-2 First edition 2001-07-01 Identification cards Contactless integrated circui
10、t(s) cards Proximity cards Part 2: Radio frequency power and signal interface Cartes didentification Cartes circuit(s) intgr(s) sans contact Cartes de proximit Partie 2: Puissance de la frquence radio et interface du signal BS ISO/IEC 144439-2:2001 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov
11、 21 05:52:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 21 05:52:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iii Contents Page Foreword.iv Introduction .v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Symbols and abbreviated
12、terms 2 5 Initial dialogue for proximity cards 3 6 Power transfer3 6.1 Frequency.3 6.2 Operating field3 7 Signal interface 3 8 Communication signal interface Type A .5 8.1 Communication PCD to PICC .5 8.1.1 Bit rate.5 8.1.2 Modulation5 8.1.3 Bit representation and coding6 8.2 Communication PICC to P
13、CD .8 8.2.1 Bit rate.8 8.2.2 Load modulation9 8.2.3 Subcarrier .9 8.2.4 Subcarrier modulation 9 8.2.5 Bit representation and coding9 9 Communication signal interface Type B .10 9.1 Communication PCD to PICC .10 9.1.1 Bit rate.10 9.1.2 Modulation10 9.1.3 Bit representation and coding10 9.2 Communicat
14、ion PICC to PCD .11 9.2.1 Bit rate.11 9.2.2 Load modulation11 9.2.3 Subcarrier .11 9.2.4 Subcarrier modulation 11 9.2.5 Bit representation and coding11 10 PICC minimal coupling zone 12 Annex A (informative) Compatibility with other card standards 13 BS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2001 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun
15、 sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 21 05:52:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS/OIEC -34441:21002(E) iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bo
16、dies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other
17、 international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a j
18、oint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO/
19、IEC 14443-2 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 17, Identification cards and related devices. ISO/IEC 14443 consists of the following parts, under the general title Identification cards Contactless integrated circuit(s) cards Proximity car
20、ds: ?Part 1: Physical characteristics ?Part 2: Radio frequency power and signal interface ?Part 3: Initialization and anticollision ?Part 4: Transmission protocol Annex A of this part of ISO/IEC 14443 is for information only. BS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2001 Foreword to amendment 1 ISO (the International Org
21、anization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the r
22、espective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of infor
23、mation technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft Internatio
24、nal Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may
25、 be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Amendment 1 to ISO/IEC 14443-2:2001 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 17, Cards and personal identification. Licen
26、sed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 21 05:52:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS/OIEC -34441:21002(E) v Introduction ISO/IEC 14443 is one of a series of International Standards describing the parameters for identification cards as defined in ISO/IEC 7810 and the use of such c
27、ards for international interchange. This part of ISO/IEC 14443 describes the electrical characteristics of two types of contactless interface between a proximitycardandaproximitycouplingdevice.Theinterfaceincludesbothpowerandbi-directional communication. This part of ISO/IEC 14443 does not preclude
28、the incorporation of other standard technologies on the card, such as those referenced in Annex A. Contactless card standards cover a variety of types as embodied in ISO/IEC 10536 (close-coupled cards), ISO/IEC 14443 (proximity cards), ISO/IEC 15693 (vicinity cards). These are intended for operation
29、 when very near, nearby and at a longer distance from associated coupling devices respectively. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) draw attention to the fact that it is claimed that compliance with this part of ISO/IEC 14443 m
30、ay involve the use of patents. ISO and IEC take no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of this patent right. The holders of these patent rights have assured ISO and IEC that they are willing to negotiate licences under reasonable and non discriminatory terms and conditions with appl
31、icants throughout the world. In this respect, the statements of the holders of patent rights are registered with ISO and IEC. Information may be obtained from: US Patent US5359323FRANCE TELECOM Centre National dEtudes des Tlcommunications 38-40 rue de Gnral Leclerc 92794 Issy-les-Molineaux Cedex 9 F
32、rance WO 98/26370 Clause 9.1.2 (Type B) Modulation WO 98/26370 A1 (pending) US Patent US 5613159 (Type B) Europe 0 901 670 French Patent App 96.15163 Int Pat App PCT/FR97/02229 Innovatron Electronique / RATP sub clause 9.1.2 and 9.1.3. INNOVOTRON Director of International Operations Innovotrol 1 Rue
33、 Danton 75006 Paris France MOTOROLA Motorola ESG 207 route de Ferney P O Box 15 1218 Grand-Saconnex Geneva Switzerland BS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2001 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 21 05:52:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS/OIEC -34441:21002(E) vi OMRON Intellectual Prop
34、erty Department Law ?the PICC shall wait silently for a command from the PCD; ?transmission of a command by the PCD; ?transmission of a response by the PICC. These operations shall use the RF power and signal interface specified in the following clauses. 6 Power transfer The PCD shall produce an ene
35、rgizing RF field which couples to the PICC to transfer power and which shall be modulated for communication. 6.1 Frequency The frequency fc of the RF operating field shall be 13,56 MHz 7 kHz. 6.2 Operating field The minimum unmodulated operating field shall be Hmin and has a value of 1,5 A/m rms. Th
36、e maximum unmodulated operating field shall be Hmax and has a value of 7,5 A/m rms. A PICC shall operate as intended continuously between Hmin and Hmax. A PCD shall generate a field of at least Hmin and not exceeding Hmax at manufacturer specified positions (operating volume). In addition the PCD sh
37、all be capable of powering any single reference PICC (defined in ISO/IEC 10373-6) at manufacturer specified positions (operating volume). The PCD shall not generate a field higher than the value specified in ISO/IEC 14443-1 (alternating magnetic field) in any possible PICC position. Test methods for
38、 the PCD operating field are defined in ISO/IEC 10373-6. 7 Signal interface Two communication signal interfaces, Type A and Type B, are described in the following clauses. The PCD shall alternate between modulation methods when idling before detecting the presence of a PICC of Type A or Type B. Only
39、 one communication signal interface may be active during a communication session until deactivation by the PCD or removal of the PICC. Subsequent session(s) may then proceed with either modulation method. !Figures 1 and Amd.1-1 illustrate the concepts described in the following clauses.“ 3 BS ISO/IE
40、C 14443-2:2001 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 21 05:52:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS/OIEC -34441:21002(E) 4 ISO/IEC 1002 All rithgs resdevre 4 Type A Type B ASK 100% Modified Miller 10 1 0 ASK 10% NRZ 1 0 0 100 Figure 1 Example PCD to PICC communication signal
41、s for Type A and Type B interfaces ! Type A Type B bit rate of fc/128 Load Modulation Subcarrier fc/16 OOK Manchester 1 0 01 0 Load Modulation Subcarrier fc/16 BPSK NRZ-L 1 0 0 1 0 1 Load Modulation Subcarrier fc/16 BPSK NRZ-L 10 0 1 0 Load Modulation Subcarrier fc/16 BPSK NRZ-L 0 1 0 100 0 1 1 0 0
42、0 0 11 0 Load Modulation Subcarrier fc/16 BPSK NRZ-L 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 bit rate of fc/64 bit rate of fc/32 bit rate of fc/16 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 Figure Amd.1-1 Example PICC to PCD communication signals for Type A and Type B interfaces “ BS IS
43、O/IEC 14443-2:2001 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 21 05:52:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 8 Communication signal interface Type A 8.1 Communication PCD to PICC 8.1.1 Bit rate The bit rate for the transmission during initialization and anticollision shall be fc/128
44、 (106 kbit/s). Communication from PCD to PICC for a bit rate of fc/128 shall use the modulation principle of ASK 100% of the RF operating field to create a “Pause” as shown in figure 2. The envelope of the PCD field shall decrease monotonically to less than 5% of its initial value HINITIAL and remai
45、n less than 5% for more than t2. This envelope shall comply to figure 2. t2 t4 t3 90% 100% 110% 5% 5% 110% 100% 90% Envelope of Carrier Amplitude H/HINITIAL t . . Min. Max. 2,0 ?s 3,0 ?s 0,5 ?s t1 0 1,5 ?s 0,4 ?s t1 t2 t3 t4 Condition 0,7 ?s t1 2,5 ?s t1 ? 2,5 ?s 60% 60% 0 t1 !The bit rate for the t
46、ransmission after initialization and anticollision shall be one of the following: fc/128 (106 kbit/s), fc/64 (212 kbit/s), fc/32 (424 kbit/s), fc/16 (847kbit/s).“ !8.1.2.1 Modulation for a bit rate of fc/128 “ !Figure 2 Pause for a bit rate of fc/128“ 8.1.2 Modulation 5 BS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2001 Licen
47、sed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 21 05:52:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 100% 60% 5% 5% 60% 100% Carrier Amplitude t t4 Figure 3 Definition of “End of Pause“ for a bit rate of fc/128 8.1.2.2 Modulation for bit rates of fc/64, fc/32 and fc/16 Communication from PCD to PIC
48、C for bit rates of fc/64 (212 kbit/s), fc/32 (424 kbit/s) and fc/16 (847 kbit/s) shall use the modulation principle of ASK of the RF operating field to create a pause as shown in figure Amd.1-2. The envelope of the PCD field shall decrease monotonically to less than 60% of its initial value. This en
49、velope shall comply with figure Amd.1-2. 6 If the envelope of the PCD field does not decrease monotonically, the time between a local maximum and the time of passing the same value before the local maximum shall not exceed 0,5 ?s. This shall only apply if the local maximum is greater than 5% of HINITIAL. Overshoots shall remain within 90% and 110% of HINITIAL. The PICC shall detect the ”End of Pause” after the field exceeds 5% of HINITIAL and b