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1、 Department of Defense DIRECTIVE NUMBER 3000.07 December 1, 2008 USD(P) SUBJECT: Irregular Warfare (IW) References: (a) DoD Directive 5100.1, “Functions of the Department of Defense and Its Major Components,” August 1, 2002 (b) DoD Directive 3000.05, “Military Support for Stability, Security, Transi
2、tion, and Reconstruction (SSTR) Operations,” November 28, 2005 (c) DoD Directive 1322.18, “Military Training,” September 3, 2004 (d) DoD Directive 5160.41E, “Defense Language Program (DLP),” October 21, 2005 (e) DoD Directive 5144.1, “Assistant Secretary of Defense for Networks and Information Integ
3、ration/DoD Chief Information Officer (ASD(NII)/DoD CIO),” May 2, 2005 1. PURPOSE. This Directive: a. Establishes policy and assigns responsibilities for DoD conduct of IW and development of capabilities to address irregular challenges to national security in accordance with Reference (a). b. Require
4、s that any conflicting issuances be identified to the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy (USD(P) and the OSD Director, Administration and Management. 2. APPLICABILITY. This Directive applies to OSD, the Military Departments, the Office of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Joint St
5、aff, the Combatant Commands, the Office of the Inspector General of the Department of Defense, the Defense Agencies, the DoD Field Activities, and all other organizational entities within the Department of Defense (hereafter referred to collectively as the “DoD Components”). The term “Military Servi
6、ces,” as used herein, refers to the Army, the Navy, the Air Force, and the Marine Corps. 3. DEFINITIONS. See Glossary. DoDD 3000.07, December 1, 2008 2 4. POLICY. It is DoD policy to: a. Recognize that IW is as strategically important as traditional warfare. Many of the capabilities and skills requi
7、red for IW are applicable to traditional warfare, but their role in IW can be proportionally greater than in traditional warfare. b. Improve DoD proficiency for IW, which also enhances its conduct of stability operations. Stability operations are a core U.S. military mission that the Department of D
8、efense shall be prepared to conduct across the full range of military operations in accordance with DoD Directive 3000.05 (Reference (b). c. Conduct IW independently of, or in combination with, traditional warfare. (1) IW can include a variety of steady-state and surge DoD activities and operations:
9、 counterterrorism; unconventional warfare; foreign internal defense; counterinsurgency; and stability operations that, in the context of IW, involve establishing or re-establishing order in a fragile state. (2) While these activities may occur across the full range of military operations, the balanc
10、e or primary focus of operations gives a campaign its predominant character. d. Explicitly integrate concepts and capabilities relevant to IW across all DoD activities including doctrine, organization, training, materiel, leadership and education, personnel, and facilities (DOTMLPF); policy; analysi
11、s; exercises; experiments; and applicable strategies and plans. e. Maintain capabilities and capacity so that the Department of Defense is as effective in IW as it is in traditional warfare in order to ensure that, when directed, the Department can: (1) Identify and prevent or defeat irregular threa
12、ts from state and non-state actors across operational areas and environments. (2) Extend U.S. reach into denied areas and uncertain environments by operating with and through indigenous foreign forces. (3) Train, advise, and assist foreign security forces and partners at the ministerial, service, an
13、d tactical levels to ensure security in their sovereign territory or to contribute forces to operations elsewhere. (4) Through direct or indirect means, and on a large scale when required, support a foreign government or population threatened by irregular adversaries. (5) Create a safe, secure envir
14、onment in fragile states and, if required, provide essential governmental services, emergency infrastructure restoration, and humanitarian relief. DoDD 3000.07, December 1, 2008 3 (6) To meet Combatant Commander (CCDR) objectives, conduct other related activities abroad, including: strategic communi
15、cation; information, psychological, civil-military, intelligence, and counterintelligence operations; and support to law enforcement. f. Establish mechanisms and authorities to increase DoD effectiveness in operating with and through foreign security partners. g. Establish and sustain manpower autho
16、rizations, personnel policies, and organizational structures to provide sufficient capacity and expertise in both the DoD civilian workforce and Military Services to conduct activities in support of IW. h. Synchronize appropriate DoD IW-related activities with the efforts of other U.S. Government ag
17、encies, foreign security partners, and selected international organizations by supporting: (1) Collaborative policies, plans, and procedures, including collaborative training and exercises that promote interoperability, for steady-state and surge activities. (2) Integrated civilian-military teams fo
18、r steady-state and surge activities, and lead them if civilians are unable. (3) Information strategies and operations to neutralize adversary propaganda and promote U.S. strategic interests. (4) Exchange programs and rotational assignments that build DoD understanding of the functions and structures
19、 of other relevant organizations. (5) Efforts to enhance information sharing, as appropriate, to increase situational awareness of irregular challenges. i. Develop investment strategy guidance to address capability and capacity for IW-related activities and operations. 5. RESPONSIBILITIES. See Enclo
20、sure. 6. RELEASABILITY. This Directive is approved for public release. Copies may be obtained through the Internet from the DoD Issuances Web Site at http:/www.dtic.mil/whs/directives. DoDD 3000.07, December 1, 2008 4 7. EFFECTIVE DATE. This Directive is effective immediately. Enclosure Responsibili
21、ties Glossary DoDD 3000.07, December 1, 2008 ENCLOSURE 5 ENCLOSURE RESPONSIBILITIES 1. USD(P). The USD(P) shall: a. In conjunction with the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, incorporate IW-relevant concepts into strategic planning documents. Recommend to the Secretary of Defense DoD priorities
22、for policy, concepts, analysis, capabilities, and investment strategies relevant to IW. b. In coordination with the Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence (USD(I), Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics (USD(AT information, psychological, civil-military, intellige
23、nce, and counterintelligence operations; and support to law enforcement. DoDD 3000.07, December 1, 2008 ENCLOSURE 9 (3) Sustained operational and intelligence preparation of the environment. (4) The integrated operations of interagency and multinational civilian and military organizations to support
24、 a foreign government or population threatened by irregular adversaries. (5) Operations with and through foreign security forces to achieve objectives through IW-related activities. c. Identify and validate DOTMLPF capability gaps with IW applications and coordinate with appropriate capability devel
25、opers to mitigate shortfalls. d. In conjunction with CCDRs and the Secretaries of the Military Departments, maintain universal joint tasks for mission-essential tasks that support IW-related activities and operations. e. Incorporate IW-related concepts into joint doctrine in coordination with the CC
26、DRs and the Secretaries of the Military Departments. f. Annually assess proficiency and readiness of the U.S. Armed Forces to conduct activities necessary to implement CCDR campaign and contingency plans related to IW. Incorporate the assessment into the annual risk assessment. 10. COMMANDERS OF THE
27、 COMBATANT COMMANDS. The Combatant Commanders shall: a. Identify IW-related requirements for steady-state and surge campaigns. b. Incorporate IW-related concepts into military training, exercises, and planning. c. Advise ASD(SO/LIC&IC) and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff on capacity and ca
28、pability requirements to implement theater campaign and contingency plans relevant to IW. d. Recommend DOTMLPF changes to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Commander, U.S. Joint Forces Command (CDRUSJFCOM), Commander, U.S. Special Operations Command (CDRUSSOCOM), and the Secretaries of the
29、Military Departments to implement best practices across the U.S. Armed Forces. 11. CDRUSSOCOM. In addition to the responsibilities listed in section 10, the CDRUSSOCOM shall: a. Assist the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff by coordinating the development of those aspects of special operations fo
30、rces (SOF) doctrine relevant to IW. Contribute to the integration of SOF-general purpose forces (GPF) IW-relevant doctrine with CDRUSJFCOM, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Secretaries of the Military Departments. DoDD 3000.07, December 1, 2008 ENCLOSURE 10 b. Lead the development
31、of SOF IW-relevant training and education standards for individuals and units with USD(P&R), the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Secretaries of the Military Departments. c. Develop SOF capabilities for extending U.S. reach into denied areas and uncertain environments by operating with
32、 and through indigenous foreign forces or by conducting low- visibility operations. d. Submit an annual assessment of SOF proficiency and readiness for IW to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. 12. CDRUSJFCOM. In addition to the responsibilities listed in section 10, the CDRUSJFCOM shall: a.
33、In coordination with CDRUSSOCOM and the Secretaries of the Military Departments: (1) Assist the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff by leading the collaborative development of joint IW-relevant doctrine. (2) As part of the joint concept development and experimentation program, explore new concepts
34、 and capabilities so that the U.S. Armed Forces are as effective in IW as they are in traditional warfare. (3) Recommend mechanisms and capabilities for increasing interoperability and integration of SOF and GPF in IW-related activities. b. Lead the collaborative development of joint standards for G
35、PF IW-relevant training and readiness for individuals and units with USD(P&R), the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Secretaries of the Military Departments. c. Assist USD(P&R) in identifying tracking requirements for critical skills and experiences relevant to IW. d. With CCDRs and the
36、 Secretaries of the Military Departments, lead the identification of joint IW-relevant capabilities and recommend priorities for capability development to ASD(SOLIC&IC) and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. e. In conjunction with the Secretaries of the Military Departments, submit an annual
37、 assessment of U.S. Armed Forces GPF proficiency and readiness for IW to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. DoDD 3000.07, December 1, 2008 GLOSSARY 11 GLOSSARY DEFINITIONS Unless otherwise noted, these terms and their definitions are for the purposes of this Directive. civilian-military team
38、s. Temporary organizations of civilian and military personnel specifically task-organized to provide an optimal mix of capabilities and expertise to accomplish specific operational and planning tasks, or to achieve objectives at the strategic, operational, or tactical levels. Civilian-military teams
39、 may conduct both overt and clandestine operations. counterinsurgency. Those military, paramilitary, political, economic, psychological, and civic actions taken by a government to defeat insurgency. counterterrorism. Operations that include the offensive measures taken to prevent, deter, preempt, an
40、d respond to terrorism. direct means. Meeting security objectives through the U.S.-led application of military power. foreign internal defense. Participation by civilian and military agencies of a government in any of the action programs taken by another government or other designated organization t
41、o free and protect its society from subversion, lawlessness, and insurgency. indirect means. Meeting security objectives by working with and through foreign partners. irregular warfare. A violent struggle among state and non-state actors for legitimacy and influence over the relevant population(s).
42、Irregular warfare favors indirect and asymmetric approaches, though it may employ the full range of military and other capacities, in order to erode an adversarys power, influence, and will. security forces. Duly constituted military, paramilitary, police, and constabulary forces of a state. stabili
43、ty operations. An overarching term encompassing various military missions, tasks, and activities conducted outside the United States in coordination with other instruments of national power to maintain or reestablish a safe and secure environment, provide essential governmental services, emergency i
44、nfrastructure reconstruction, and humanitarian relief. traditional warfare. A form of warfare between the regulated militaries of states, or alliances of states, in which the objective is to defeat an adversarys armed forces, destroy an adversarys war-making capacity, or seize or retain territory in
45、 order to force a change in an adversarys government or policies. unconventional warfare. A broad spectrum of military and paramilitary operations, normally of long duration, predominantly conducted through, with, or by indigenous or surrogate forces who are organized, trained, equipped, supported, and directed in varying degrees by an external DoDD 3000.07, December 1, 2008 GLOSSARY 12 source. It includes, but is not limited to, guerrilla warfare, subversion, sabotage, intelligence activities, and unconventional assisted recovery.