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1、 Standard Emergency Lighting Eclairage de secours Notbeleuchtung CIE Standards are copyrighted and shall not be reproduced in any form, entirely or partly, without the explicit agreement of the CIE. CIE Central Bureau, Vienna CIE S 020/E:2007 Kegelgasse 27, A-1030 Vienna, Austria UDC: 628.978.6 Desc
2、riptor: Emergency lighting CIE S 020/E:2007 CIE S 020/E:2007 II CIE, 2007 - All rights reserved CIE 2007 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microf
3、ilm, without permission in writing from CIE Central Bureau at the address below. CIE Central Bureau Kegelgasse 27 A-1030 Vienna Austria Tel.: +43 1 714 3187 0 Fax: +43 1 714 3187 18 e-mail: ciecbping.at Web: www.cie.co.at/ -,-,- CIE S 020/E:2007 CIE, 2007 - All rights reserved III FOREWORD Standards
4、 produced by the Commission Internationale de lEclairage (CIE) are a concise documentation of data defining aspects of light and lighting, for which international harmony requires such unique definition. CIE Standards are therefore a primary source of internationally accepted and agreed data, which
5、can be taken, essentially unaltered, into universal standard systems. This CIE Standard has been prepared by CIE Technical Committee TC 5-19* “Emergency Lighting“: TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD III 1. INTRODUCTION . 1 2. SCOPE. 1 3. NORMATIVE REFERENCES 1 4. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS 2 5. ESCAPE LIGHTING 3
6、 6. ESCAPE ROUTE LIGHTING. 4 7. OPEN AREA (ANTI-PANIC) LIGHTING 5 8. HIGH RISK TASK AREA LIGHTING. 6 9. STANDBY LIGHTING 6 10. SAFETY SIGNS. 6 10.1 Standards. 6 10.2 Colour. 6 10.3 Luminance 6 10.3.1 Requirements for emergency mode 6 10.3.2 Requirements for non-emergency mode. 7 10.4 Uniformity. 7 1
7、0.4.1 Uniformity of colours 7 10.4.2 Uniformity between colours . 7 10.5 Height of the sign equating to viewing distance. 7 11. INFLUENCE OF SMOKE. 7 12. ANNEX (INFORMATIVE): BIBLIOGRAPHY 8 * The chairperson of this TC was B. Weis (DE); members were: J. Audestad (NO), J. Breaden (AU), M. C. Crawford
8、 (US), H. Finke (DE), J. Horvth (HU), H. Jusln (FI), J. Lecocq (FR), T. Lemons (US), J. L. Pimenta (BR), P. Rombauts (BE), A. Stockmar (DE), A. Tanaka (JP), G. Vandermeersch (BE), and C. Watts (UK), with the following committee advisors: P. K. Bandyopadhyay (IN), E. Bistricky (AU), A. Ottosson (SE),
9、 N. Radovanovi (YU), M. K. Timmings (CA), N. Vassilev (BG), J. Wild (PL). CIE, 2007 -,-,- CIE S 020/E:2007 IV CIE, 2007 - All rights reserved -,-,- CIE S 020/E:2007 CIE, 2007 - All rights reserved 1 EMERGENCY LIGHTING 1. INTRODUCTION The primary objective of emergency lighting is the provision of vi
10、sual conditions that can alleviate panic and facilitate safer evacuation of buildings occupants during the failure of normal power supply/lighting, in clear (non-smoke) and smoke filled conditions. The emergency lighting scheme design should be based on worst conditions (e.g. minimum light output, m
11、aximum glare limits) of the luminaires during operating life and should be based only on direct light from luminaires. The contributions by room surface inter- reflections should be ignored. However, in lighting systems such as indirect luminaires or uplights (used in maintained/combined mode), wher
12、e the luminaire works in conjunction with a reflecting surface, the first reflection should be taken as direct light from the system and subsequent reflections should be ignored. The requirements given in this standard are a minimum for design purposes and are calculated for the full rated duration
13、period and end of design life of the equipment. A special chapter for smoke is included. Safety signs may also fulfil further functions within maintained operation. In most countries, states or towns statutory regulations relating to emergency lighting already exist. For this reason, the appropriate
14、 authority should always be consulted before commencing the design of a specific emergency lighting system. It is hoped that by providing an international standard, lighting technical requirements in local statutory regulations will converge on that standard. 2. SCOPE This standard specifies the lum
15、inous requirements for emergency lighting systems installed in premises or locations where such systems are required. It is principally applicable to locations where the public or workers have access. 3. NORMATIVE REFERENCES The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of
16、 this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. CIE 17.4-1987. International lighting vocabulary (ILV) (Joint publication IEC/CIE). IEC 60598-2-22. Luminaires Part 2-22: Pa
17、rticular requirements - Luminaires for emergency lighting. ISO 3864-1. Graphical symbols Safety colours and safety signs Part 1: Design principles for safety signs in workplaces and public areas. ISO 6309. Fire protection Safety signs. ISO 7010. Graphical symbols Safety signs used in workplaces and
18、public areas. ISO 16069. Graphical symbols Safety signs Safety way guidance systems (SWGS). CIE S 020/E:2007 2 CIE, 2007 - All rights reserved 4. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS emergency lighting escape lighting standby lighting escape route lighting open area lighting high risk task area lighting Fig. 1. Sp
19、ecific terms of emergency lighting. 4.1 emergency lighting (ILV 845-09-10) lighting provided for use when the supply to the normal lighting fails 4.2 escape route route designed for escape in the event of an emergency 4.3 escape lighting that part of emergency lighting that provides illumination of
20、escape routes, open area lighting, and high risk task area lighting when normal lighting fails, as well as guidance markings whenever the escape routes are occupied 4.4 standby lighting (ILV 845-09-13) that part of emergency lighting provided to enable normal activities to continue substantially unc
21、hanged 4.5 escape route lighting that part of emergency lighting provided to ensure that the routes of escape can be effectively identified and safely used and that obstructions within the escape route are visible 4.6 open area lighting (in some countries known as anti-panic lighting) that part of e
22、mergency lighting provided to avoid panic and to provide illumination allowing people to reach a place where an escape route can be identified 4.7 high risk task area lighting that part of emergency lighting that provides illumination for the safety of people involved in a potentially dangerous proc
23、ess or situation and to enable proper shut down procedures for the operator and other occupants of the premises 4.8 emergency exit way out that is intended to be used during an emergency 4.9 safety sign sign which gives a general safety message, obtained by a combination of colour and geometric shap
24、e and which, by the addition of a graphic symbol or text, gives a particular safety message (ISO 3864-1 / ISO 6309 / ISO 7010) 4.10 externally illuminated safety sign sign that is illuminated, when it is required, by an external source -,-,- CIE S 020/E:2007 CIE, 2007 - All rights reserved 3 4.11 in
25、ternally illuminated safety sign sign that is illuminated, when it is required, by an internal source 4.12 escape route sign safety sign used to mark directions and exits in escape routes 4.13 direction escape route sign safety sign to mark the direction of an escape route 4.14 exit sign safety sign
26、 to mark emergency exits 4.15 safety way guidance system (ISO 16069) system to provide conspicuous and unambiguous information and sufficient visual cues to enable people to evacuate an occupied area in an emergency along a specified escape route by using a comprehensive arrangement of visual compon
27、ents, signs, and markings 4.16 duration of emergency mode time interval that the rated lumen output shall be provided 4.17 rated duration of emergency mode time interval, as claimed by the manufacturer, that the rated emergency lumen output is provided (IEC 60598-2-22) 5. ESCAPE LIGHTING To provide
28、visibility for evacuation, lighting is required in the volume of the space. Safety signs that are provided at all exits intended to be used in an emergency and along escape routes shall be illuminated to indicate unambiguously the route of escape to a point of safety. Where direct sight of an emerge
29、ncy exit is not possible, an illuminated safety sign (or series of signs) shall be provided to assist progression towards the emergency exit. An escape lighting luminaire complying with IEC 60598-2-22 shall be sited to provide appropriate illuminance near each exit door and at positions where it is
30、necessary to emphasize potential danger or the location of safety equipment. The places for which emphases shall be considered are listed as the following: a) at each exit door intended to be used in an emergency; b) at stairs so that each flight of stairs receives direct light including especially
31、the top and the bottom steps; c) at any other change in vertical level; d) at mandatory emergency exits and safety sign locations; e) at each change of direction; f) at each intersection of corridors; g) at each final exit; h) at each first aid post; i) at each piece of fire fighting equipment and c
32、all point; j) if smoke is of prime concern, it is recommended to mount luminaires at least 0,5 m below the ceiling (see also Chapter 11). Positions denoted as b, c, h, and i, if not on the escape route nor in an open area shall be illuminated to 5 lx minimum at the floor. -,-,- CIE S 020/E:2007 4 CI
33、E, 2007 - All rights reserved 6. ESCAPE ROUTE LIGHTING 6.1 For escape routes up to 2 m in width, the horizontal illuminance on the floor along the centre line of an escape route shall not be less than 1 lx and the central band consisting of not less than half of the width of the route shall be illum
34、inated to a minimum of 50 % of that value. NOTE: Wider escape routes can be treated as a number of 2 m wide strips or be provided with open area (anti-panic) lighting. 6.2 The ratio of the maximum to the minimum illuminance along the centre line of the escape route shall not be greater than 40 : 1.
35、NOTE: To prove the ratio a grid system should be used according to CIE S 015, chap. 4.3.3. 6.3 Disability glare shall be kept low by limiting the luminous intensity of each luminaire within the field of view during the maximum lumen output in emergency mode of operation. For horizontal escape routes
36、, the luminous intensity of the luminaires shall not exceed the values in Table 1 within the zone 60 to 90 from the downward vertical at all angles of azimuth (see Fig. 2). For all other escape routes and areas, the limiting values shall not be exceeded at any angle (see Fig. 3). 1 = glare zone Fig.
37、 2. Glare zone. 1 = glare zone Fig. 3. Glare zone. NOTE: High contrast between a luminaire and its background can produce glare. In escape route lighting the main problem will be disability glare, in which the brightness of the luminaires can dazzle and prevent obstructions or signs from being seen.
38、 CIE S 020/E:2007 CIE, 2007 - All rights reserved 5 Table 1. Disability glare limits. Mounting height above floor level H in m Escape route and open area (anti-panic) lighting luminous intensity Imax in cd High risk task area lighting maximum luminous intensity Imax in cd 0,0 H 40. The luminaire sha
39、ll not substantially subtract from this. 6.5 The duration and response time should conform to national requirements. NOTE: If these do not exist then the following minimum is recommended: Duration: 60 min. If the visual task, or the risk to people, requires a longer duration, 180 min is recommended.
40、 Response time: The emergency escape route lighting shall reach 50% of the required illuminance level within 20 s and full required illuminance within 60 s. If the visual task, or the risk to people, requires a shorter response time, for reaching the 50% level, a shortening of the response time to 5
41、 s is recommended. 7. OPEN AREA (ANTI-PANIC) LIGHTING 7.1 The horizontal illuminance shall be not less than 0,5 lx at the floor level at each point of the empty core area which excludes a border of 0,5 m of the perimeter of the area. 7.2 The ratio of the maximum to the minimum anti-panic area lighti
42、ng illuminance shall not be greater than 40 : 1. NOTE: To prove the ratio a grid system should be used according to CIE S 015, chap. 4.3.3. 7.3 Disability glare shall be kept low by limiting the luminous intensity of the luminaires within the field of view during the maximum lumen output in emergenc
43、y mode of operation. These shall not exceed the values in Table 1 within the zone 60 to 90 from the downward vertical at all angles of azimuth (see Fig. 2). 7.4 In order to identify safety colours, the minimum value for the colour rendering index Ra from a lamp shall be 40. The luminaire shall not s
44、ubstantially subtract from this. 7.5 The duration and response time should conform to national requirements. NOTE: If these do not exist then the following minimum is recommended: Duration: 60 min. Response time: The open area (anti-panic) lighting shall reach 50% of the required illuminance level w
45、ithin 20 s and full required illuminance within 60 s. If the visual task, or the risk to people, requires a shorter response time, for reaching the 50% level, a shortening of the response time to 5 s is recommended. -,-,- CIE S 020/E:2007 6 CIE, 2007 - All rights reserved 8. HIGH RISK TASK AREA LIGH
46、TING 8.1 In areas of high risk, the maintained illuminance on the reference plane shall be not less than 10 % of the required maintained illuminance for that task; however, it shall not be less than 15 lx. It shall be free of stroboscopic effects. NOTE: Some critical areas (e.g. medical operating ro
47、oms) may require up to 100 % of the maintained illuminance of the specific task. For this purpose, the values in Table 1 do not apply. 8.2 The ratio of the maximum to the minimum of the high risk task area lighting illuminance shall not be greater than 10 : 1. 8.3 Disability glare shall be kept low
48、by limiting the luminous intensity of the luminaires within the field of view during the maximum lumen output in emergency mode of operation; these shall not exceed the values in Table 1 within the zone 60 to 90 from the downward vertical at all angles of azimuth. 8.4 In order to identify safety colours, the minimum value for the colour rendering index Ra of a lamp shall be 40. The luminaire shall not substantially subtract from this. 8.5 The duration and response time should conform to national requirements. NOTE: If these do not exist then the following m