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1、 USSR STATE STANDARD CURRENT AND VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS TERMS AND DEFINITIONS GOST 18685-73 Official Edition English Version Approved by Interstandard USSR STATE COMMITTEE FOR UNDER STANDARDS Moscow 18685-73 1 UDC 621.314.225 : 001.4 : 006.354 Group E00 USSR STATE STANDARD CURRENT AND VOLTAGE TRANSFOR
2、MERS Terms and definitions GOST 18685-73 Date of introduction is established by Decree No. 1120, dated 04.05.73, of State Committee for Standards under the USSR Council of Ministers form 01.07.74. This Standard establishes the terms and definitions, used in science, engineering and manufacture, for
3、the basic concepts regarding the types, parameters, characteristics and elements of current and voltage transformers. This Standard does not apply to direct-current transformers. The terms established by this Standard are obligatory for application in documentation of all types, in textbooks, teachi
4、ng aids, in technical and reference books. One standardized term is established for each concept. Application of standardized term synonyms is not allowed. This Standard contains the index of terms used in it. Standardized terms are typed in boldface and their brief forms are typed in lightface. Off
5、icial Edition Reprinting is prohibited Revised Edition. March 1980 Standards Publishing House, 1981 -,-,- 18685-73 2 Term Definition GENERAL CONCEPTS 1. Transformer In accordance with GOST 16110-70 2. Current (voltage) transformer The transformer, where under normal operating conditions the secondar
6、y current (secondary voltage) is practically proportional to primary current (primary voltage) and, in case of correct switching, is phase-shifted relative to it by an angle close to zero 3. Secondary circuit of the current (voltage) transformer The external circuit receiving the measuring informati
7、on signals from secondary winding of the current (voltage) transformer 4. Category of the reference current (voltage) transformer The category characterizing the placement of reference current (voltage) transformer in the measurement chain 5. Accuracy class of the current (voltage) transformer The g
8、eneralized characteristic of current (voltage) transformer determined by the established limits of allowed errors at the set operating conditions. N o t e . The accuracy class is designated by a number equal to the limit of allowed current (voltage) error in percentage at the rated primary current (
9、voltage) 6. Rated accuracy class of the current (voltage) transformer The accuracy class guaranteed to the current (voltage) transformer at the rated secondary load and specified on its nameplate 7. Rated parameter value Rated parameter In accordance with GOST 18311-72 N o t e . The following rated
10、parameters are distinguished in current and voltage transformers: rated voltage, rated primary current, rated secondary current, rated transformation ratio, rated primary voltage, rated secondary voltage, etc. TYPES OF CURRENT AND VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS 8. Laboratory current (voltage) transformer The
11、current (voltage) transformer designed for casual application during electric measurements and verification of measuring devices and current (voltage) transformers -,-,- 18685-73 3 Cont. Term Definition 9. Reference current (voltage) transformer The current (voltage) transformer serving for verifica
12、tion of other current (voltage) transformers by it, or for expansion of measurement limits for reference measuring devices; it is approved as a reference one by state metrological service authorities 10. Autocompounded current (voltage) transformer The current (voltage) transformer whose accuracy of
13、 current (voltage) transformation in the specified range of primary current (voltage) is provided with the help of special means 11. Single-ratio current (voltage) transformer The current (voltage) transformer with one transformation ratio 12. Multi-ratio current (voltage) transformer The current (v
14、oltage) transformer with several transformation ratios 13. Current transformer for measurements The current transformer designed for transfer of measuring information signal to measuring devices 14. Current transformer for protection The current transformer designed for transfer of measuring informa
15、tion signal to protective and control devices 15. Zero-sequence current transformer The current transformer designed for measuring the zero-sequence current in three-phase circuits 16. Saturating current transformer The current transformer with small overcurrent factor 17. Summing current transforme
16、r The current transformer designed for summation of currents of several electric circuits 18. Single-stage current transformer The current transformer with one current transformation stage 19. Cascade current transformer The current transformer with several successive stages of current transformatio
17、n 20. Intermediate current transformer The current transformer designed for inclusion of the basic current transformer in the secondary circuit for reception of required transformation ratio or separation of electric circuits 21. Combined current and voltage transformer Combination of current transf
18、ormer and voltage transformer integrated in one design modification -,-,- 18685-73 4 Cont. Term Definition 22. Built-in current transformer The current transformer whose primary winding is the electrotechnical device input 23. Supporting current transformer The current transformer designed for insta
19、llation on supporting plane 24. Through-type current transformer The current transformer designed for application as the input. 25. Busbar current transformer The current transformer whose primary winding is one or several parallel-connected busses of the switch-gear N o t e . Busbar current transfo
20、rmers have the insulation designed for the greatest working voltage 26. Bushing current transformer Through-type busbar current transformer 27. Split current transformer The current transformer without primary winding, whose magnetic circuit may be opened and then closed around the conductor with me
21、asured current 28. Electric measuring tongs Portable split current transformer 29. Single-phase transformer See GOST 16110-70 30. Three-phase transformer See GOST 16110-70 31. Grounded voltage transformer The single-phase voltage transformer whose one end of primary winding shall be dead grounded, o
22、r three-phase voltage transformer whose primary winding neutral shall be dead grounded 32. Ungrounded voltage transformer The voltage transformer with all the primary winding parts, including the clamps, isolated from the ground to the level corresponding to the voltage category 33. Cascade voltage
23、transformer The voltage transformer whose primary winding is divided into several series-connected sections, provided that power transfer from them to secondary windings is executed by means of connecting and equalizing windings 34. Capacitor voltage transformer The voltage transformer containing a
24、capacitance divider 35. Double-winding voltage transformer The voltage transformer having one secondary winding 36. Three-winding voltage transformer The voltage transformer having two secondary windings, such as the inducing and additional ones -,-,- 18685-73 5 Cont. Term Definition ELEMENTS OF CUR
25、RENT AND VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS 37. Primary winding of the current transformer The winding which transmits the current subject to transformation 38. Secondary winding of the current transformer The winding which transmits the transformed (secondary) current 39. Secondary winding for measurements The s
26、econdary winding of current transformer. It is designed for connection of measuring devices to it 40. Secondary winding for protection Secondary winding of current transformer. It is designed for connection of protective and control devices to it 41. Split winding of the current transformer The curr
27、ent transformer winding consisting of individual sections which allow various connections N o t e . For reception of various transformation ratios or equalization of induction in magnetic circuit 42. Current transformer winding with tappings The current transformer winding having tappings from a par
28、t of coils for reception of various transformation ratios 43. Link-type windings of the current transformer The current transformer winding, executed in such a way that internal transformer insulation is structurally distributed between the primary and secondary windings, and winding positional rela
29、tionship looks like the chain links 44. U-type windings of the current transformer The current transformer winding, executed in such a way that internal transformer insulation is basically drawn only onto the primary winding, which has U-shape 45. Rim-type windings of the current transformer The cur
30、rent transformer windings, executed in such a way that internal transformer insulation is basically drawn only onto the secondary winding and its terminal ends, and winding positional relationship looks like a rim 46. Primary winding of the voltage transformer The winding to which the voltagesubject
31、 to transformation is applied 47. Inducing secondary winding of the voltage transformer The winding where the transformed (secondary) voltage is induced 48. Additional secondary winding of the voltage transformer The winding designed for open-delta connection aiming to connect the control circuits o
32、f network insulation to it 49. Stabilizing winding of the voltage transformer The auxiliary winding of a three-phase voltage transformer. It is designed for reduction of angular voltage error -,-,- 18685-73 6 Cont. Term Definition 50. Connecting winding of the voltage transformer The winding, servin
33、g for power transfer from the winding of one magnetic core to the windings of another one magnetic core of a cascade voltage transformer 51. Equalizing winding of the voltage transformer The winding serving for power equalization in the primary winding of two cores of one magnetic circuit of a casca
34、de voltage transformer PARAMETERS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF CURRENT AND VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS 52. Primary current of the current transformer The current running in the primary winding of current transformer and subject to transformation 53. Greatest primary working current of the current transformer The
35、 greatest value of primary current whose continuous running is allowed by heating conditions 54. Secondary current of the current transformer The current running in the secondary winding of current transformer 55. Transformation ratio of the current transformer The ratio of the primary current to th
36、e secondary current 56. Current error of the current transformer The error inserted into current measurement by the current transformer. It occurs because the actual transformation ratio is not equal to the rated one. N o t e . Current error is determined as the arithmetic difference between the act
37、ual secondary current and the actual primary current reduced to the secondary circuit. The current error is expressed in percentage of actual primary current reduced to the secondary circuit 57. Angular error of the current transformer The angle between the vectors of primary and secondary currents
38、directed so that for ideal current transformer this angle is equal to zero. N o t e . The angular error is expressed in minutes or centiradians. It shall be considered positive when the secondary current vector surpasses the primary current vector 58. Total error of the current transformer The actua
39、l value of difference between the rated transformation ratio, multiplied by instant actual value of secondary current, and the instant value of primary current in steady-state mode. N o t e . The total error is usually expressed in percentage of the effective value of primary current 18685-73 7 Cont
40、. Term Definition 59. Coil correction of the current transformer The reduction of current error of current transformer by changing the number of coils in secondary winding 60. Secondary load of the current transformer The impedance of external secondary circuit of current transformer, expressed in o
41、hms with power factor indication N o t e . The secondary load may be also characterized by apparent power (expressed in volt-amperes), consumed by it at the given power factor at the rated secondary current 61. Rated secondary load of the current transformer The secondary load value, specified on th
42、e nameplate of current transformer, at which the accuracy class or limiting multiplicity is ensured 62. Primary current multiplicity of the current transformer The ratio of primary current of the current transformer to its rated value 63. Limiting multiplicity of the current transformer The greatest
43、 value of primary current multiplicity, at which the total error at the set secondary load does not exceed 10% 64. Rated limiting multiplicity of the current transformer Limiting multiplicity, ensured to the current transformer, at the rated secondary load 65. Overcurrent factor of the current trans
44、former The ratio of primary current to its rated value, at which the induction in magnetic circuit of current transformer, for the set secondary load, is close to saturation induction 66. Electrodynamic endurance current of the current transformer The greatest peak value of short-circuit current dur
45、ing the whole time of its effect, provided that the current transformer withstands it without failures interfering its further performance 67. Multiplicity of electrodynamic endurance current of the current transformer The ratio of electrodynamic endurance current to the peak value of rated primary
46、current 68. Short-time thermal current of the current transformer The greatest effective value of short-circuit current during the time interval t, which the current transformer withstands during this time interval without heating of conductor parts up to the temperatures exceeding the allowed value
47、s during the short-circuit currents, and without failures interfering its further performance 69. Multiplicity of short-time thermal current of the current transformer The ratio of short-time thermal current to effective value of rated primary current 18685-73 8 Cont. Term Definition 70. Excitation
48、current of the current transformer The effective value of current consumed by the secondary winding of current transformer, when the sine- wave voltage of rated frequency is brought to the secondary clamps, while the primary winding is disconnected as well as all other windings 71. Primary voltage of the voltage transformer The voltage applied to primary winding of the voltage transformer and subject to transformation 72. Secondary voltage of the voltage transformer The voltage arising at the clamps of secondary winding of the vol