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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 5489-4: 1992 Incorporating Amendment No.1 Road lighting Part 4: Code of practice for lighting for single-level road junctions including roundabouts Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 12:38:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5489-4:1992 This Briti
2、sh Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Electrical Illumination Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1992 BSI 12-1998 First published March 1967 Second edition October 1987 Third edition August 19
3、92 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference LGL/23 Draft announced in BSI News March 1992 ISBN 0 580 20915 6 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Electrical Illumination Standards P
4、olicy Committee (LGL/-) to Technical Committee LGL/23, upon which the following bodies were represented: Automobile Association British Lighting Association for the Preparation of Standards (Britlaps) British Precast Concrete Federation Ltd. Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers Counc
5、il for the Protection of Rural England County Surveyors Society Department of Transport Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Electrical Engineers Institution of Lighting Engineers Institution of Mechanical Engineers Lighting Industry Federation Ltd
6、. Royal Fine Art Commission Scottish Office (Building Directorate) Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments 9012May 1996Indicated by a sideline in the margin Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 12:38:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5489-4:1992 BSI
7、12-1998i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii Section 1. General 1Scope1 2Definitions1 Section 2. Lighting of single-level junctions 3General2 4Functions of lighting2 5Particular types of junction2 Section 3. Lighting of roundabouts 6General6 7Functions of lighting6 8Lig
8、hting arrangement6 Figure 1 T junction8 Figure 2 Staggered junction8 Figure 3 Cross roads9 Figure 4 Examples of Y junctions10 Figure 5 Examples of fork junctions11 Figure 6 Examples of junctions with triangular island12 Figure 7 Examples of T junctions on bends14 Figure 8 Junctions with ghost or tra
9、ffic islands and right-turn lanes on the major road15 Figure 9 Mini roundabout at T junction16 Figure 10 At grade double mini roundabout (with large right-turning flows)17 Figure 11 Examples of roundabouts at three-way junctions18 Figure 12 Examples of roundabouts at four-way junctions19 Publication
10、(s) referred toInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 12:38:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5489-4:1992 ii BSI 12-1998 Foreword This Part of BS 5489 has been prepared under the direction of the Electrical Illumination Standards Policy Committee and
11、is a new edition of BS 5489-4:1987 which is withdrawn. This Part gives recommendations for the lighting of single-level road junctions and roundabouts. Lighting for grade-separated junctions is described in BS 5489-5. Both roundabouts and other junctions require special treatment because of the risk
12、s arising from conflicting traffic movements and they call for great care in their design. It is necessary to study the kerb lines and the points of confusion or possible collision and to provide suitable lighting to reveal them. As local conditions vary widely, these recommendations should be adapt
13、ed to suit the geometry of the junction or roundabout and the surrounding environment. BS 5489-4:1987 brought the Part more into line with international road lighting philosophy. It provided for major/minor priority junctions which were introduced, with some changes of layout, and also for the intro
14、duction of priority to traffic on the immediate right of drivers approaching the give-way line of the entry to a roundabout, except where otherwise indicated. The principles applied to lighting the simple form of junctions are applied in a similar way to modern junction layouts. This edition incorpo
15、rates editorial improvements and a revision to 8.6 but it does not reflect a full review or revision of the standard, which will be undertaken in due course. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for thei
16、r correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 20, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (se
17、e copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 12:38:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5489-4:1992 BSI 12-19981 Section 1. General 1 Scope This
18、Part of BS 5489 gives recommendations for the lighting of junctions at grade (single-level), including major/minor priority junctions where at least one road is lit as a traffic route in accordance with BS 5489-2, and for junctions where lighting is provided on otherwise unlit traffic routes. It als
19、o includes recommendations for the general arrangement of lighting, siting, height of columns and choice of luminaire types. For junctions, luminance-based recommendations are made in relation to those luminance provisions applying along routes linking to form the junction. Recommendations for round
20、abouts are expressed in illuminance terms in consideration of the wider range of dimensional road design and the application of alternative types of lighting equipment. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purposes
21、 of this Part of BS 5489 the definitions given in BS 5489-1 apply, together with the following. 2.1 at grade double mini roundabout two mini roundabouts at an at grade junction that are either connected by a short link road or are contiguous 2.2 at grade junction road junction at which no road passe
22、s over another 2.3 central reserve area that separates the carriageways of a dual-carriageway road 2.4 diverging lane auxiliary traffic lane tapered to allow turning traffic to approach a junction without impeding through traffic 2.5 fork junction at grade junction of two roads, at which the major r
23、oad deviates from a straight path at the junction with the minor road 2.6 ghost island area marked on the carriageway, generally at a road junction, shaped and located so as to direct traffic movement 2.7 gyratory system road system to enable traffic from several roads to pass around a large central
24、 area using priority junctions, mini roundabouts or traffic signals at intersections 2.8 mini roundabout road junction that has one way movement of traffic round a ghost island or small traffic island 2.9 mini roundabout at T junction T junction with a mini roundabout at the intersection of two road
25、s 2.10 refuge raised platform or a guarded area so sited in the carriageway as to divide the streams of traffic and to provide a safety area for pedestrians 2.11 right-turn lane diverging lane for traffic turning right 2.12 roundabout road junction that has a one-way movement of traffic round a traf
26、fic island 2.13 staggered junction at grade junction of three roads at which the major road is continuous through the junction and the minor roads connect with the major road so as to form two opposed T junctions 2.14 T junction at grade junction of two roads, at which the minor road joins the major
27、 road at right angles approximately 2.15 traffic island raised area on the carriageway, generally at a road junction, shaped and located so as to direct traffic movement 2.16 Y junction at grade junction of two roads, at which the minor road joins the major road at an oblique angle and terminates at
28、 the junction Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 12:38:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5489-4:1992 2 BSI 12-1998 Section 2. Lighting of single-level junctions 3 General Road junctions present difficulties in choice of the best positions for the luminaires to reve
29、al both the layout of the junction and the movement of the traffic, particularly where the widths of the entry roads may necessitate excessive spacing. A high standard of lighting is particularly important at junctions where the traffic is channelled to ensure effective working. 4 Functions of light
30、ing The lighting should reveal, within prescribed glare limits, the existence of the junction, the positions of the kerbs and road markings, the directions of the roads, the presence of any pedestrians or obstructions, and the movement of any vehicles in the vicinity of the junction. It is not a pri
31、mary function of the lighting to indicate the routeing of the traffic. Where possible, however, the lighting should be arranged to assist such routeing and it is important that the installation should not mislead drivers. The choice of the positions for the lighting columns should be made after cons
32、ideration of the lines of traffic flow, the sight lines for merging flow and the areas of possible collisions. The lighting at a junction should be related to the need of drivers approaching the junction to see vehicles approaching from other directions. However, it is not generally necessary to pro
33、vide separate luminaires for each of the sight lines and compromise positions may be chosen to suit the road layout and traffic conditions. Care should be taken not to discard luminaires particularly sited to reveal features at junctions. NOTELayouts shown in Figure 4(a), Figure 4(b), Figure 5(a) an
34、d Figure 5(b) give examples of spacing and positions chosen to provide lighting which is adequate both in quantity and quality to reveal road obstructions and traffic movements either by positive or negative (reverse silhouette) luminance contrasts. The luminance, on the carriageway, throughout a ju
35、nction should be not less than the luminance provided on the main roads leading to the junction. If the number of points of conflict between the traffic streams is reduced by traffic signals, the precise choice of the positions for the luminaires indicated in clause 5 may not be quite so important.
36、Care should, however, be taken that the standard of lighting at the junction is not thereby reduced. 5 Particular types of junction 5.1 General The design and quality of the lighting should be not only related to its functions, as indicated in clause 4 but, also, to the traffic importance of the jun
37、ction. In principle a luminaire is needed just beyond each junction on the nearside and this may be the only requirement at junctions of minor traffic importance. Where there is a turning movement of traffic from an approach road it is also desirable to place a luminaire opposite the approaching tra
38、ffic. At junctions where gradual changes of direction occur, such as Y and fork junctions, the arrangement of lighting should be considered together with the recommendations for siting luminaires on bends given in clause 9 of BS 5489-2:1992. Isoluminance templates may give guidance for junctions suc
39、h as these. NOTE 1Wide and complicated junctions such as the example given in Figure 8 may call for closer spacing or for an opposite arrangement of lighting columns in the vicinity of the junction. Higher mounting heights with increased output luminaires may also be considered. Luminaires should be
40、 placed so that the kerb is clearly revealed. It should be noted that centrally placed luminaires or luminaires on the nearside of entry roads just before the junction tend to make kerbs less conspicuous. Where the approach roads are lit by moderate threshold increment (MTI) luminaires the junctions
41、 should be lit by MTI or low threshold increment (LTI) luminaires; where the approach roads are unlit or lit by LTI luminaires, the junction should be lit by LTI luminaires. If any road is unlit, the system should extend to at least 60 m into that road using the same luminaire and mounting height. N
42、OTE 2The lighting requirements at a junction, whether channelled or not, are not generally affected by the presence of a traffic signal installation. NOTE 3It is emphasized that, as individual junction designs, traffic usage and environment vary so widely, the examples give can only illustrate basic
43、 principles. 5.2 T junctions To achieve the required luminance on the T junction, typical lighting positions should be as shown in Figure 1. Four luminaires are directly associated with the junction. a) Luminaire A on the major road should be sited in line with centre line of the approach lane(s) of
44、 the minor road to reveal the end of the minor road to traffic approaching along it and to reveal pedestrians crossing its mouth. b) Luminaire B on the major road should be sited at a distance from the kerb of the minor road approximately equal to one-third of the design spacing for the major road a
45、nd preferably not greater than 12 m along the major road. This luminaire reveals both the junction with the minor road to traffic in the major road (approaching from the right in Figure 1) and a vehicle waiting in the mouth of the minor road. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 12
46、:38:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5489-4:1992 BSI 12-19983 c) Luminaire C on the major road should be sited at not more than the design spacing for the major road from luminaire A and preferably at a distance from the kerb of the minor road of about one-half of the same design spa
47、cing along the major road. This luminaire reveals turning movements to traffic in the major road (approaching from the left in Figure 1). d) Luminaire D on the minor road should be sited on the nearside for traffic leaving the major road at a distance from the kerb of the major road of about one-hal
48、f of the design spacing for the major road along the major road. This luminaire reveals the traffic conditions in the mouth of the minor road to traffic entering from the major road. 5.3 Staggered junctions Two T junctions (1) and (2) on opposite sides of the major road, as shown in Figure 2, should
49、 be considered independently in the first instance. If they are closer together, i.e. less than about 60 m apart, compromise positions may be chosen for luminaires B or C in Figure 2 but care should be taken not to reduce the standard of lighting. 5.4 Cross roads Typical light positions for a cross roads are shown in Figure 3. On each road, there should be a luminaire A on the nearside for traffic leaving the junction at a distance from the kerb of the cross roads approximately equal to one-third of the design spacing for the major road. These four lumina