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1、IEEE P1775/1.9.7, March 2009 Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. This is an IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change. IEEE P1775/D1.9.7 Draft Standard for Powerline Communication Equipment Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Requirements Testing and Measurements Methods Prepared by the PLC EMC
2、Working Group of the Communication Committee of the of the IEEE Power Engineering Society Co-sponsors: Standards Development Committee of the Electromagnetic Compatibility Society Standards Development Committee of the Communication Society Copyright 2009 by the Institute of Electrical and Electroni
3、cs Engineers, Inc. Three Park Avenue New York, New York 10016-5997, USA All rights reserved. This document is an unapproved draft of a proposed IEEE Standard. As such, this document is subject to change. USE AT YOUR OWN RISK! Because this is an unapproved draft, this document must not be utilized fo
4、r any conformance/compliance purposes. Permission is hereby granted for IEEE Standards Committee participants to reproduce this document for purposes of IEEE standardization activities only. Prior to submitting this document to another standards development organization for standardization activitie
5、s, permission must first be obtained from the Manager, Standards Licensing and Contracts, IEEE Standards Activities Department. Other entities seeking permission to reproduce this document, in whole or in part, must obtain permission from the Manager, Standards Licensing and Contracts, IEEE Standard
6、s Activities Department. IEEE Standards Activities Department Standards Licensing and Contracts 445 Hoes Lane, P.O. Box 1331 Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA IEEE P1775/1.9.7, March 2009 Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. This is an IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change. ii This introduction
7、is not part of IEEE P1775 Introduction Power Line Communication (PLC) technology has developed over a long period of time. As early as 1838 Edward Davy proposed remote electricity supply metering for the purpose of checking the voltage levels of the batteries at unmanned sites in the London-Liverpoo
8、l telegraph system. The first carrier current system for mains signaling was established in 1893 by the Swiss Electricity Board. The carrier frequency transmission of voice over power lines began in the 1920s. Due to low attenuation and low noise in the transmission lines at the carrier frequencies
9、(15 KHz 500 KHz), a distance of 900 km between transmitter and receiver could be attained with a power of 10 Watts. In 1930 Ripple Carrier Signaling was implemented in Germany over medium and low-voltage distribution power lines. Such systems typically operated in the frequency band 125 3000 Hz, so
10、a carrier signal propagated with low losses. Advances in communication technology in the late 1990s led to new research and development activities related to data communication through the power grid. Known widely as Power Line Communications (PLC), this technology is also named Broadband over Power
11、 Line (BPL), Power Line Telecommunication (PLT) and Power Line Technology (PLT). PLC created a mix of high expectations and concerns mainly due to perceived electromagnetic compatibility problems and absence of regulatory and standardization framework to address them. In 2000, several European count
12、ries independently proposed EMC regulations for PLC. Later, the Joint Working Group of CENELEC and ETSI started developing a standard covering the EMC aspects of wire- line telecommunications networks including their in-home extension. The standard scope is focusing on the limits and in-situ measure
13、ments procedures for EMI measurements. Currently the standard is under development. In 2004, the regulatory uncertainty in the USA ended when the FCC approved the Report and Order “Amendment of Part 15 regarding new requirements and measurement guidelines for Access Broadband over Power Line Systems
14、” (ET Docket No. 04-37). The Amendment: a) defines the Access and In-House BPL system; b) contains the emission limits for them; c) describes in detail the measurement procedure for emissions measurements from BPL equipment verification and certification. However, immunity requirements and testing w
15、ere not covered under this document In the USA, narrow band carrier current systems are regulated by the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) under CFR 47 Part 15 Rules for unintentional radiators. Therefore, for such systems the methods, provided by ANSI Standard C63.4 2003 Methods of Measurement
16、s of Radio-Noise Emissions from Low-Voltage Electrical and Electronic Equipment in the Range of 9 kHz to 40 GHz” are fully applicable for emissions measurements. In 2004 the IEEE published its document 643-2004 “IEEE Guide for Power-Line Carrier Applications“ for Low Frequency Power Line Communicati
17、ons covering 50-450 kHz band operations. In 2005 CENELEC published Standard EN 50412-2-1 “Power line communication apparatus and systems used in low-voltage installations in the frequency range 1.6 MHz to 30 MHz. Part 2-1: Residential, commercial and industrial environment. Immunity requirements,” w
18、hich is the first immunity standard for PLC equipment IEEE P1775/1.9.7, March 2009 Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. This is an IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change. iii In 2007 the Japanese Ministry of Interior and Communication (MIC) published “Japanese (radio) Regulations for the Broad
19、band PLC (or PLT or BPL)” which is part of Japanese Radio Law and Ordinance regulating Radio Equipment. In 2008, CISPR sent out for circulation the Draft Amendment to CISPR 22, which will describe the limits and method of measurement of broadband telecommunication equipment over power lines. Both th
20、e Japanese and CISPR documents are applicable for in- premises BPL devices. The growing concerns from PLC manufacturers and utility operators about the absence of an internationally recognized EMC measurement and testing methodology for PLC equipment and installations was addressed when in 2004 IEEE
21、 Standards Association established the PLC EMC Working Group P1775 to develop the Standard: “Powerline Communication Equipment - Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Requirements - Testing and Measurement Methods.“ The Working Group is sponsored by the Power Engineering Society, Electromagnetic Compa
22、tibility and Communication Society. The Standard is solely focused on EMC measurement Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to
23、the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents or patent applications for which a license may be required to implement an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents tha
24、t are brought to its attention. Participants At the time this draft standard was completed, the PLC EMC Working Group had the following membership: Aron Viner, Chair Roland Gubisch, Vice-chair Ed Hare, Vice-chair John Boot, Secretary Jim Allen Brett Kilbourne Hiroshi Shimada John Banting Oleg Logvin
25、ov Mark Simon Stephen Berger Barry OMahoney Terry Snow Jeffrey Boksiner John Newbury Gary Stuebing Yehuda Cern Takeo Osawa Larrie Sutliff Brian Cramer Rami Rafaeli Shinji Tanabe Jean-Philippe Faure Jerry Ramie Steven Turner Allen Houtari Rob Rank John Vandermaar Dick Illman James Rickard Scott Willy
26、 Jacob Keret Wayne Sanderson Shaike Zalitsky Brent Zitting IEEE P1775/1.9.7, March 2009 Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. This is an IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change. iv CONTENTS 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope 1 2. Normative references 1 3. Definitions, acronyms and abbreviations 2 3.1 Defin
27、itions 2 3.2 Acronyms 5 4. BPL networks typical installations 6 4.1 Topologies 6 4.2 Physical differences 7 4.3 Electrical non-BPL equipment 7 4.4 Power Line Noise 8 4.5 Examples of typical installation 8 4.6 Description of Ports 11 5. Environmental conditions during testing 12 5.1 In-Premises BPL e
28、quipment 12 5.2 Access BPL equipment 12 6. General operational conditions and test configurations 12 6.1 Radiated emission testing 12 6.2 Immunity testing 14 7. Disturbance emission measurement methods 14 7.1 Access equipment 14 7.2 In-Premises equipment 18 7.3 Radiated emission measurement uncertai
29、nty 21 7.4 Test report template 21 8. Immunity test methods and criteria 21 8.1 Electrostatic discharge 22 8.2 Electrical fast transient/burst 23 8.3 Surges 26 8.4 Continuous conducted signals 30 8.5 Radiated electromagnetic field 35 8.6 Voltage dips and interruption 37 8.7 Power frequency magnetic
30、field 38 8.8 Performance criteria and applicability 39 8.9 Test Report Template 41 IEEE P1775/1.9.7, March 2009 Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. This is an IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change. v Annex A (normative) Procedure for Determining Distance Correction Factor 41 Annex B (informa
31、tive) Emission and Immunity Test Report Content 41 Annex C (informative) Methods for distinguishing BPL signals from ambient signals 41 Annex D (informative) Radiated emissions measurement uncertainty 41 Annex E (informative) Selection of typical installations 41 Annex F (informative) Recommendation
32、s for resolving harmful interference cases near BPL equipment and installation 41 Annex G (informative) Bibliography 55 IEEE P1775/1.9.7, March 2009 Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. This is an IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change. 1 Draft Standard for Powerline Communication Equipment El
33、ectromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Requirements Testing and Measurements Methods 1. Overview 1.1 Scope This scope of this standard will be electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) criteria and consensus test and measurements procedure for broadband Power Line Communication (also known as BPL) equipment an
34、d installations. The standard will reference existing national and international standards for BPL equipment and installations. It will not include the specific emission limits, which are subject to national regulations. 2. Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable fo
35、r the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies. ANSI C63.4 2003: “Standard for Methods of Measurement of Radio-Noise Emissions from Low-Vo
36、ltage Electrical and Electronic Equipment in the Range of 9 kHz to 40 GHz”. ANSI C63.6 1996: “American National Standard Guide for Computation of Errors in Open-Area Test Site Measurements”. CISPR 11; “Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio-frequency equipment Electromagnetic disturbance cha
37、racteristics Limits and methods of measurement” CISPR 16-1-1: “Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus Measuring apparatus” CISPR 16-2-3: “Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring
38、apparatus and methods Part 2-3: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity Radiated disturbance measurements” CISPR 16-4-2: “Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods Part 4-2: Uncertainties, statistics and limit modeling Uncertainties in EMC measureme
39、nts” CISPR 18-1 (1982): “Radio interference characteristics of overhead power lines and high-voltage equipment Part 1: Description of phenomena” CISPR 18-2 (1986): “Radio interference characteristics of overhead power lines and high-voltage equipment Part 2: Methods of measurement and procedure for
40、determining limits” IEEE P1775/1.9.7, March 2009 Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. This is an IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change. 2 Code of Federal Regulations 47, Telecommunications Part 15, Subpart G, Appendix C, Guidelines: “Measurement guidelines for Broadband Over Power Line (BPL)
41、and Certification Requirements For Access BPL Systems”. CISPR 22 “Information technology equipment Radio disturbance characteristics Limits and methods of measurement” CISPR 24: “Information technology equipment Immunity characteristics Limits and methods of measurement” EN 50412-2-1-2005: “Power li
42、ne communication apparatus and systems used in low-voltage installations in the frequency range 1.6 MHz to 30 MHz. Part 2-1: Residential, commercial and industrial environment. Immunity requirements” IEC 61000-3-2: “Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 3-2: Limits Limits for harmonic current emi
43、ssions (equipment input current 16 A per phase)” IEC 61000-3-3: “Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 3 3: Limits of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker in public low voltage supply systems, for equipment with rated current = 16 A per phase and not subject to conditional connection
44、”. IEC 61000-3-8: “Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 3: Limits Section 8: Signalling on low- voltage electrical installations Emission levels, frequency bands and electromagnetic disturbance levels” IEC 61000-4-11: “Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4 11: Testing and measurement techni
45、ques Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity test. IEC 61000-4-2: “Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4 2: Testing and measurement techniques Electrostatic discharge immunity test”. IEC 61000-4-3: “Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4 3: Testing and measurement
46、techniques Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test”. IEC 61000-4-4: “Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4 4: Testing and measurement techniques Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test”. IEC 61000-4-5: “Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4 5: Testing and measu
47、rement techniques - Surge immunity test”. IEC 61000-4-6: “Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4 6: Testing and measurement techniques Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency field”. IEEE C62.45 2002 “IEEE Recommended Practice on Surge Testing for Equipment Connected to Lo
48、w- Voltage (1000V and Less) AC Power Circuits” 3. Definitions, acronyms and abbreviations For the purposes of this draft standard, the following terms and definitions apply. The Authoritative Dictionary of IEEE Standards, Seventh Edition, should be referenced for terms not defined in this clause. 3.
49、1 Definitions IEEE P1775/1.9.7, March 2009 Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. This is an IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change. 3 3.1.2 AC Power port: Connection point to the AC low voltage electric distribution network for means of providing a power supply to the BPL equipment. 3.1.3 AC Power port Flicker: Short-term and long-term voltage changes at the interface between the equipment under test and the electric supply sys