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1、IEEE Std 519-1992 (Revision of IEEE Std 519-1981) Second Printing 15 June 2004 IEEE Recommended Practices and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electrical Power Systems Sponsor Transmission and Distribution Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society and Static Power Converter Committee of th
2、e IEEE Industry Applications Society Approved June 18, 1992 IEEE Standards Board Approved January 4, 1993 American National Standards Institute Recognized as an American National Standard (ANSI) Copyright 1998 IEEE All Rights Reservedii Abstract: This guide applies to all types of static power conve
3、rters used in industrial and commercial power systems. The problems involved in the harmonic control and reactive compensation of such converters are addressed, and an application guide is provided. Limits of disturbances to the ac power distribution system that affect other equipment and communicat
4、ions are recommended. This guide is not intended to cover the effect of radio frequency interference. Keywords: harmonic control, harmonics, reactive power compensation The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017-2394, USA Copyright 1993 by th
5、e Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 1993 Printed in the United States of America ISBN 1-55937-239-7 Errata information can be accessed at: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/519-1992.pdf No part of this publication may be reprodu
6、ced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. IEEE Standards documents are developed within the Technical Committees of the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Board. Members of the c
7、ommittees serve voluntarily and without compensation. They are not necessarily members of the Institute. The standards developed within IEEE represent a consensus of the broad expertise on the subject within the Institute as well as those activities outside of IEEE that have expressed an interest in
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9、rthermore, the viewpoint expressed at the time a standard is approved and issued is subject to change brought about through developments in the state of the art and comments received from users of the standard. Every IEEE Standard is subjected to review at least every ve years for revision or reafrm
10、ation. When a document is more than ve years old and has not been reafrmed, it is reasonable to conclude that its contents, although still of some value, do not wholly reect the present state of the art. Users are cautioned to check to determine that they have the latest edition of any IEEE Standard
11、. Comments for revision of IEEE Standards are welcome from any interested party, regardless of membership afliation with IEEE. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of a proposed change of text, together with appropriate supporting comments. Interpretations: Occasionally questio
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14、previously received formal consideration. Comments on standards and requests for interpretations should be addressed to: Secretary, IEEE Standards Board 445 Hoes Lane P.O. Box 1331 Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331 USA IEEE Standards documents are adopted by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engin
15、eers without regard to whether their adoption may involve patents on articles, materials, or processes. Such adoption does not assume any liability to any patent owner, nor does it assume any obligation whatever to parties adopting the standards documents. Foreword (This foreword is not a part of IE
16、EE Std 519-1992, IEEE Recommended Practices and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electrical Power Systems.) This recommended practice was prepared by a joint task force sponsored by the Working Group on Power System Harmonics of the Transmission and Distribution Committee of the IEEE Power Engin
17、eering Society and the Harmonic and Reactive Compensation Subcommittee of the Industrial Power Conversion Committee of the IEEE Industry Applications Society. This recommended practice is an update of the IEEE guide that was published in 1981. The work to revise the guide was started in 1984 and has
18、 incorporated the evolving understanding of the effect of static power converters and other nonlinear loads on electric power systems. This recommended practice recognizes the responsibility that users have not to degrade the voltage of the utility serving other users by requiring nonlinear currents
19、 from the utility. It also recognizes the responsibility of the utilities to provide users with close to a sine wave of voltage. The recommended practice suggests guidelines for accomplishing this. At the time that this standard was completed, the task force had the following membership: David P. Ha
20、rtmann, Co-chair (PES) Ray P. Stratford, Co-chair (IAS) C. K. Duffey , Secretary K. Almon D. L. Ashcroft W. R. Caputo K. R. Chakravarthi H. Chandra W. Dabisza J. Dalton W. K. Davis M. Doyle A. E. Emanuel J. H. Galloway T. Gentile R. Ghufarian W. M. Grady D. K. Guha M. Higgins W. R. Hodgson S. Ihara
21、S. Kapoor C. E. Johnson T. S. Key J. H. Layne L. Luck A. Ludbrook M. McGranaghan H. Meyer W. A. Moncrief A. Moore G. Oliver S. Rubino R. J. Schieman J. A. Stewart L. F. Stringer J. K. Winn At the time that it balloted and approved this standard for submission to the IEEE Standards Board, the balloti
22、ng group had the following membership: R. Adapa K. Almon C. J. Amato W. A. Anderson J. Arrillaga D. L. Ashcroft Y. Baghzouz T. M. Barnes B. Berman B. Bhagwat S. K. Biswas W. H. Bixby A. J. Bonner D. W. Borst B. K. Bose J. L. Boyer J. Boyle W. R. Caputo K. R. Chakravarthi H. Chandra D. Y. Chen R. F.
23、Chu W. V. Chumakov W. Dabisza J. Dalton A. M. Dan W. K. Davis S. Deb R. W. Dedoncker P. H. Desai S. B. Dewan D. M. Divan M. Doyle D. L. Duff M. Ehsani P. Eichin A. El-serafi A. E. Emanuel P. Enjeti P. C. V. Esmeraldo J. D. Fahey W. E. Feero E. F. Fuchs J. H. Galloway T. Gentile iv A. A. Gigis S. Gol
24、dberg T. Gonen M. W. Grady D. C. Griffith D. K. Guha E. Gunther T. G. Habetler D. P. Hartmann E. A. Harty T. M. Heinrich G. T. Thomas M. Higgins W. R. Hodgson J. Hoffner D. G. Holmes J. Holtz W. F. Horton S. Ihara P. K. Jain W. Jewell C. E. Johnson W. C. Jordan S. Kapoor M. J. Kempker T. S. Key P. T
25、. Krein A. Kusko J. S. Lai J. H. Layne F. C. Lee C. P. Lemone R. D. Lorenz L. Luck A. LudbrooK A. A. Mahmoud L. Malesani J. H. Mallory W. A. Maslowski A. McEachern M. McGranaghan J. C. McIver W. McMurray A. P. S. Meliopoulos N. W. Miller B. J. Min A. Mirbod B. Mokrytzki W. A. Moncrief W. I. Moo A. M
26、oore R. J. Moran J. O. Ojo T. B. Oliver T. H. Ortmeyer I. J. Pitel F. S. Prabhakara V. Rajagopalan K. S. Rajashekara S. J. Ranade M. H. Rashid E. W. Reid C. E. Rettig D. D. Robb D. J. Roesler S. Rubino J. T. Salihi M. Samotyj R. G. Schieman D. Dietrich T. Sebastian P. C. Sen A. M. Sharaf R. A. Shinn
27、 B. R. Shperling B. R. Sims R. L. Smith W. M. Smith S. Victor A. C. Stevenson R. P. Stratford L. F. Stringer B. Szabados P. Tenti R. Thallam A.m. Trynadlowski F. G. Turnbull A. K. Upadhyay J. D. Van Wyk S. S. Venkata V. Wagner L. H. Walker D. J. Ward H. W. Wearsch C. A. White J. K. Winn X. Xu F. You
28、ng J. A. I. Young F. C. Zach D. G. Zimmerman P. D. Ziogas When the IEEE Standards Board approved this standard on June 18, 1992, it had the following membership: Marco W. Migliaro , Chair Donald C. Loughry , Vice Chair Andrew G. Salem , Secretary Dennis Bodson Paul L. Borrill Clyde Camp Donald C. Fl
29、eckenstein Jay Forster* David F. Franklin Ramiro Garcia Thomas L. Hannan Donald N. Heirman Ben C. Johnson Walter J. Karplus Ivor N. Knight Joseph Koepfinger* Irving Kolodny D. N. Jim Logothetis Lawrence V. McCall T. Don Michael* John L. Rankine Wallace S. Read Ronald H. Reimer Gary S. Robinson Marti
30、n V. Schneider Terrance R. Whittemore Donald W. Zipse * Member Emeritus v Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE Standards Board liaisons: Satish K. Aggarwal James Beall Richard B. Engelman David E. Soffrin Stanley Warshaw Adam Sicker IEEE Standards Project Editor vi CLAUSEPAGE 1. Introducti
31、on, Scope, and Application .1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Scope 1 1.3 Application. 2 2. References.2 3. Definitions and Letter Symbols 2 3.1 Definitions 2 3.2 Letter Symbols. 5 4. Harmonic Generation7 4.1 Converters 7 4.2 Arc Furnaces 15 4.3 Static VAR Compensator. 16 4.4 Inverters for Dispersed Generati
32、on 16 4.5 Electronic Phase Control 17 4.6 Cycloconverter Harmonics 18 4.7 Switch Mode Power Supplies 18 4.8 Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) Drive 19 5. System Response Characteristics19 5.1 General. 19 5.2 Resonant Conditions 21 5.3 Effect of System Loading 22 5.4 Typical System Characteristics 24 6. Ef
33、fects of Harmonics 27 6.1 General. 27 6.2 Motors and Generators. 27 6.3 Transformers 29 6.4 Power Cables 29 6.5 Capacitors. 30 6.6 Electronic Equipment. 31 6.7 Metering. 32 6.8 Switchgear and Relaying . 32 6.9 Telephone Interference. 33 6.10 Static Power Converters. 36 7. Reactive Power Compensation
34、 and Harmonic Control 37 7.1 Converter Power Factor. 37 7.2 Reactive Power Compensation 41 7.3 Control of Harmonic Currents . 45 8. Analysis Methods47 vii CLAUSEPAGE 8.1 Harmonic Current Calculations . 47 8.2 System Frequency Response Calculations. 48 8.3 Modeling Guidelines for Harmonic Analysis 50
35、 8.4 Telephone Interference. 52 8.5 Line Notching Calculations (for Low-Voltage Systems). 53 8.6 Total Harmonic Distortion. 56 8.7 System Calculations (Low Voltage, Below 1000 V). 57 8.8 Displacement Power Factor Improvement Calculation. 58 9. Measurements .60 9.1 General. 60 9.2 Basic Equipment Use
36、d for the Analysis of Nonsinusoidal Voltages and Currents. 61 9.3 Requirements for Instrument Response. 61 9.4 Presentation of Harmonic Data 63 9.5 Transducers for Harmonic Measurements. 65 10. Recommended Practices for Individual Consumers.68 10.1 General. 68 10.2 Development of Current Distortion
37、Limits 69 10.3 Limits on Commutation Notches. 70 10.4 Current Distortion Limits. 71 10.5 Flicker 74 11. Recommended Practices for Utilities76 11.1 General. 76 11.2 Addition of Harmonics. 76 11.3 Short-Duration Harmonics. 77 11.4 Abnormal Conditions for Harmonic Problems 77 11.5 Voltage Distortion Li
38、mits 77 11.6 Limits of Interference With Communication Circuits. 78 12. Recommended Methodology for Evaluating New Harmonic Sources.79 12.1 General. 79 12.2 Identifying Harmonic Analysis Objectives 80 12.3 Developing Initial System Model/Perform Preliminary Simulations 80 12.4 Performing Harmonic Me
39、asurements 80 12.5 Performing Detailed Simulations. 80 12.6 Developing Solutions to Harmonic Problems 80 13. Application Examples.81 13.1 Example of Large Industrial Plant Furnished at Transmission Voltage 81 13.2 Example of Several Users on a Single Distribution Feeder. 82 14. Bibliography92 viii C
40、opyright 199 IEEE All Rights Reserved 1 IEEE Recommended Practices and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electrical Power Systems 1. Introduction, Scope, and Application 1.1 Introduction The uses of nonlinear loads connected to electric power systems include static power converters, arc discharge
41、 devices, saturated magnetic devices, and, to a lesser degree, rotating machines. Static power converters of electric power are the largest nonlinear loads and are used in industry for a variety of purposes, such as electrochemical power supplies, adjustable speed drives, and uninterruptible power s
42、upplies. These devices are useful because they can convert ac to dc, dc to dc, dc to ac, and ac to ac. Nonlinear loads change the sinusoidal nature of the ac power current (and consequently the ac voltage drop), thereby resulting in the ow of harmonic currents in the ac power system that can cause i
43、nterference with communication circuits and other types of equipment. When reactive power compensation, in the form of power factor improvement capacitors, is used with these nonlinear loads, resonant conditions can occur that may result in high levels of harmonic voltage and current distortion when
44、 the resonant condition occurs at a harmonic associated with nonlinear loads. 1.2 Scope This recommended practice intends to establish goals for the design of electrical systems that include both linear and nonlinear loads. The voltage and current waveforms that may exist throughout the system are d
45、escribed, and waveform distortion goals for the system designer are established. The interface between sources and loads is described as the point of common coupling; and observance of the design goals will minimize interference between electrical equipment. This recommended practice addresses stead
46、y-state limitation. Transient conditions exceeding these limitations may be encountered. This document sets the quality of power that is to be provided at the point of common coupling. This document does not cover the effects of radio-frequency interference; however, it does include electromagnetic
47、interference with communication systems. Copyright 1993 IEEE All Rights Reserved 2 Copyright 1998 IEEE All Rights Reserved IEEE Std 519-1992IEEE RECOMMENDED PRACTICES AND REQUIREMENTS 1.3 Application This recommended practice is to be used for guidance in the design of power systems with nonlinear l
48、oads. The limits set are for steady-state operation and are recommended for worst case conditions. Transient conditions exceeding these limits may be encountered. 2. References 1 ANSI C34.2-1968 (Withdrawn), American National Standard Recommended Practices and Requirements for Semiconductor Power Re
49、ctiers. 1 2 IEEE C57.12.00-1987, IEEE Standard General Requirements for Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers (ANSI). 2 3 IEEE C57.110-1986, IEEE Recommended Practice for Establishing Transformer Capability When Supplying Nonsinusoidal Load Currents (ANSI). 4 IEEE Std 18-1992, IEEE Standard for Shunt Power Capacitors. 5 IEEE Std 59-1962 (Withdrawn), IEEE Standard for Semiconductor Rectier Components. 3 6 IEEE Std 100-1992, The New IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms. 7 IEEE Std 223-1966 (Withdraw