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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 6765-4:1987 Incorporating Amendment Nos. 1 and 2 Leisure accommodation vehicles: caravans Part 4: Specification for undergear ICS 43.040.50; 43.100 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Dec 06 12:18:25 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6765-4:1987 This Bri
2、tish Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Automobile Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 27 February 1987 BSI 24 November 2004 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference AU
3、E/8 Draft for comment 83/77473 DC ISBN 0 580 15723 7 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Automobile Standards Committee (AUE/-) to Technical Committee AUE/8, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Tr
4、ailer Manufacturers British Compressed Air Society Caravan Club Chief and Assistant Chief Fire Officers Association Consumer Standards Advisory Committee of BSI Department of Trade and Industry (Vehicle Division) Department of Transport (Highways) National Caravan Council Limited Society of Motor Ma
5、nufacturers and Traders Limited Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments 6217April 1990 1489124 November 2004 Indicated by a sideline in the margin Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Dec 06 12:18:25 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6765-4:1987 BSI 2
6、4 November 2004 i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2Definitions1 3Braking systems1 4Coupling head and overrun device1 5Suspension units and tyres2 6Chassis and drawbars2 7Wheel removal3 8Jockey wheel(s)3 9Minimum ground clearance3 10Approach and departure ang
7、les3 11Information required for Users Handbook4 Appendix A Users Handbook5 Figure 1 Ground clearance2 Figure 2 Approach and departure angles4 Publications referred to7 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Dec 06 12:18:25 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6765-4:1987 ii BSI 24
8、November 2004 Foreword This Part of BS 6765 has been prepared under the direction of the Automobile Standards Committee, and supersedes Clause 6 of BS 4626:1970, which has been withdrawn by amendment. Other Parts of BS 6765 are: Part 1: Specification for habitation requirements1); Part 2: Specificat
9、ion for construction1); Part 3: Specification for extra low voltage installation1). This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from l
10、egal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 7 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Sidelining in this document indicates the most recent chang
11、es by amendment. 1)In preparation. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Dec 06 12:18:25 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6765-4:1987 BSI 24 November 2004 1 1 Scope This Part of BS 6765 relates to touring trailer caravans, herein after referred to as caravans, up to a maximum
12、manufacturers total mass of 2 000 kg, and specifies requirements for the chassis, including its attachment to the towing vehicle, drawbars, braking systems, suspensions, wheels and tyres, jockey wheels and ground clearance. NOTE 1Caravans used in the UK are limited by legislation to a maximum speed
13、as given in the Road Vehicles (Variation in speed limits) Regulations 1986, but it should be recognized that in some countries the maximum permitted speed may be greater. For this reason the Users Handbook should specify the maximum speed at which the caravan may be towed, taking account of chassis
14、strength, the fitting of tyres suitable for higher speeds and braking. NOTE 2The titles of publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purpose of this Part of BS 6765, the definitions given in BS 5264 and BS AU 192 apply together with the foll
15、owing. 2.1 centre part that part contained between two planes parallel to and equidistant from the longitudinal median plane of the caravan and separated by a distance that is 80 % of the least distance between points of the inner edges of the wheels on any one axle (See Figure 1.) 3 Braking systems
16、 Every caravan shall be equipped with an efficient and reliable braking system. NOTEIt is a statutory requirement that the braking system comply with the relevant requirements of the Road Vehicle Construction and Use Regulations as amended which specify Directive 71/320 EEC2) as amended or ECE Regul
17、ation 133) as amended. 4 Coupling head and overrun device 4.1 Overrun devices for caravans shall be mounted in accordance with BS AU 190. 4.2 The coupling head shall be suitable for use with the coupling ball specified in BS AU 113c. The height to the theoretical centre line of an engaged coupling b
18、all in the coupling head shall be 430 35 mm from level ground with the floor of the caravan horizontal at the maximum manufacturers total mass. 4.3 When engaged, the coupling shall lock automatically and shall include a secondary locking device such that manual release is necessary before the coupli
19、ng can be separated. 2)71/320/EEC “Braking devices of certain categories of motor vehicles and of their trailers”. Available from HMSO. 3)ECE Regulation 13. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to braking. Available from HMSO. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na,
20、 Wed Dec 06 12:18:25 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6765-4:1987 2 BSI 24 November 2004 5 Suspension units and tyres 5.1 All moving parts requiring lubrication shall either be provided with self-lubricating bearings or be capable of lubrication and their lubrication points shall be acc
21、essible. 5.2 Every caravan shall be designed to ensure that all the road wheels remain in contact with the road surface under normal operating conditions. 5.3 Tyre sizes, ply ratings and wheel rim profiles shall comply with BS AU 50. They shall be determined on the basis of a speed capability of not
22、 less than 100 km/h and a load capacity equivalent to not less than the proportion of the maximum manufacturers total mass borne by the axle(s). NOTE 1BS AU 50-1 covers tyre loading and inflation pressures and BS AU 50-2.8 covers selection and care of wheels. NOTE 2Suspension units should incorporat
23、e a means of damping out resonance. 6 Chassis and drawbars 6.1 The chassis, including the body where applicable, suspension and wheels on each side of the undergear shall be capable of supporting not less than 50 % of the maximum manufacturers total mass plus the additional loads arising from corner
24、ing, braking and manoeuvring, etc. at a speed not less than that used in determining the specification of the tyres. 6.2 Provisions shall be made in the chassis for the attachment of the body/floor compatible with the maximum manufacturers total mass of the caravan under normal operating conditions.
25、 6.3 The chassis manufacturer shall provide in writing recommendations in respect of strength and positioning of fixing arrangements for the attachment of the caravan body to the chassis. Figure 1 Ground clearance Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Dec 06 12:18:25 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncont
26、rolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6765-4:1987 BSI 24 November 2004 3 6.4 Precautions shall be taken to inhibit corrosion which could lead to structural deterioration. Iron and steel components exposed to the weather shall be galvanized or metal sprayed or, if they are to be protected by a paint system, shall
27、be treated with at least one coat of primer whose pigment shall be in accordance with C.1 of BS 5493:1977. Where a greater degree of protection is required for known degrees and duration of exposure, as described in Table 1 and Table 3 of BS 5493:1977, the protection provided shall be in accordance
28、with BS 5493. The category of exposure and the duration for which protection is provided shall be stated in the Users Handbook. Where bimetallic corrosion is likely, the contact faces of dissimilar metals shall be electrically insulated from one another, or sealed against the ingress of moisture. NO
29、TEFor information on bimetallic corrosion see PD 6484. 6.5 Steel drawbars shall be designed in accordance with BS AU 210-1. Drawbars made from other materials, e.g. aluminium, shall offer comparable characteristics in relation to fatigue life, etc. NOTEThe selection of stabilizers will be covered by
30、 a British Standard which is in preparation. 7 Wheel removal 7.1 A wheel brace suitable for removing and tightening wheel nuts shall be supplied with the caravan. 7.2 A jacking point shall be provided on each side of the caravan to permit each road wheel to be raised off the ground at the maximum ma
31、nufacturers total mass without damage to the chassis or the caravan structure. 8 Jockey wheel(s) Every caravan shall be fitted with a retractable jockey wheel. The manufacturer shall specify the maximum permissible nose load. The jockey wheel and its clamping mechanism shall be capable of sustaining
32、 at least twice this value. 9 Minimum ground clearance The distance between the ground and the lowest point of the centre part of the caravan from front to rear shall be a minimum of 150 mm with the caravan at the maximum manufacturers total mass and with the floor horizontal. 10 Approach and depart
33、ure angles With the caravan at its maximum manufacturers total mass with its floor horizontal, the angle between the horizontal and a line drawn from the lowest point of any integral or rigidly attached part of the caravan: a) in front of the axle to the front point of contact with the ground of the
34、 statically loaded tyres, shall be not less than 3 (see Figure 2); and b) to the rear point of contact with the ground of the statically loaded tyres, shall be not less than 7 (see Figure 2). For tandem or close coupled axles the apex of the angle shall be the front, or rear, point of contact with t
35、he ground of the statically loaded front or rear tyres as applicable to the measurement being taken. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Dec 06 12:18:25 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6765-4:1987 4 BSI 24 November 2004 11 Information required for Users Handbook 11.1 The Us
36、ers Handbook shall contain information on the items listed in Appendix A. 11.2 The chassis manufacturer shall supply information to the caravan manufacturer covering the items in a) to h) for inclusion in the Users Handbook. a) The location of the lubrication points, their maintenance periods and th
37、e type of lubricant required. b) Servicing instructions for the braking system. c) The maximum permitted mass for which the undergear is designed. d) The maximum towing speed that the undergear can withstand when fitted to the caravan body for which it is designed, taking account of the tyres fitted
38、 and the braking system. e) The required tyre size and inflation pressure. f) The correct torque for tightening the wheel nuts. g) The position of the jacking points and the type of jack to be used. h) The maximum mass that the jockey wheel and its clamping mechanism are capable of withstanding. Fig
39、ure 2 Approach and departure angles Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Dec 06 12:18:25 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6765-4:1987 BSI 24 November 2004 5 Appendix A Users Handbook The Users Handbook shall contain information on the following items: a) the maximum laden wei
40、ght (MLW) of the caravan and a warning that this is not to be exceeded; b) advice that, when correctly loaded as in c), and at its MLW, the caravan is not designed to be towed at more than x mph and a table giving details of recommended tyre pressures and permitted maximum laden weights for speeds u
41、p to 100 km/h and 130 km/h; NOTEThe maximum speed permitted in the UK when towing a caravan is 60 mph (96.5 km/h). c) advice on the distribution of the weight of equipment and personal effects in the caravan so that: 1) a positive load is achieved at the towing coupling not exceeding the specific li
42、mits; 2) heavy items are loaded low down on or near the floor and mainly over, or in front of, the axles; 3) each caravan wheel carries approximately the same weight; d) the maximum vertical static load for the coupling head and a warning that this or the maximum vertical load on the towing ball spe
43、cified for the towing vehicle, whichever is the least, is not to be exceeded; e) in the case of uncompensated twin axle caravans, a warning that the towing bracket manufacturer should be consulted before towing; f) the recommended attachment of safety cable or chain to towing vehicle and caravan; g)
44、 a warning that the caravan dealer should be consulted if additional equipment is to be fitted, e.g. water tank, spare wheel carrier, as strong points may or may not be provided in the design; h) a warning that holes for fitting additional devices, e.g. stabilizers, should not be made in coupling he
45、ads without approval from the coupling head manufacturer; i) advice on where and where not to drill drawbars for mounting stabilizers, and any precautions which need to be taken; j) the position of jacking points and the type of jack required; k) the procedure for changing a wheel including advice o
46、n: i) checking wheels for damage or distortion on a regular basis; ii) ensuring that the correct wheel fixings are used; iii) the necessity for ensuring clean and dry mating surfaces and clean and dry bolt/nut seating areas; iv) the recommended sequence for tightening wheel nuts/bolts and the specif
47、ied torque setting; v) the use of an approved wheel brace (not corner steady brace), in order to achieve the specified torque; vi) the necessity to check the torque of wheel nuts/bolts after approximately 15 miles running subsequent to a wheel removal and replacement; l) advice on the rotation of ty
48、res to reduce uneven tyre wear, if applicable; m) a warning that if a wheel, or a tyre fitted to a wheel, has to be changed the replacement has to be of the same type of construction and size; n) advice on how to operate the handbrake correctly when the caravan is facing uphill; o) a warning that in
49、 certain conditions the overrun device may operate and apply the brakes when reversing up a slope, and advice on how to avoid this; p) a warning that care has to be taken to prevent fouling when traversing ramps or other ground obstacles; q) recommendations for periodic inspection and maintenance of the undergear, including the brakes, chassis frame, suspension, coupling head, wheels and tyres. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Dec 06 12:18:2