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1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 11531 First edition 1994-04-I 5 Metallic materials - Earing test Mathaux mbtalliques - Essai de come Reference number IS0 I I 531 :I 994(E) Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9
2、972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 03:34:30 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 11531:1994(E) Foreword IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparin
3、g International Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liai
4、son with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0 collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publicatio
5、n as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard IS0 11531 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164, Mechanical testing of metals, Subcommittee SC 2, Ductility testing. 0 IS0 1994 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise
6、 specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International Organization for Standardization Case Postale 56 l CH-1211 Geneve 20 l Sw
7、itzerland Printed in Switzerland ii Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 03:34:30 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATION
8、AL STANDARD 0 IS0 IS0 11531:1994(E) Metallic materials - Earing test 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for determining the ear height of metal sheet and strip of nominal thickness from 0,l mm to 3 mm after deep drawing. 2 Normative references The following standards contain prov
9、isions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publi- cation, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the
10、 possibility of applying the most re- cent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of cur- rently valid International Standards. IS0 468:1982, Surface roughness - Parameters, their values and general rules for specifying require- ments. IS0 6507-I :I 982,
11、 Metallic materials - Hardness test - Vickers test - Part 1: HV 5 to HV 100. 3 Symbols and their meanings The meanings of the symbols used in the earing test are given in table 1 and illustrated in figures I and 2. Table 1 symbol Meaning Units a Thickness of test piece mm 4 Diameter of punch mm 4 Co
12、rner radius of punch mm 4 inside diameter of die R2 Inside corner radius of die mm db Diameter of circular blank mm ht Distance between outside bottom of cup and any ear peak mm h, Distance between outside bottom of cup and any ear valley mm ht .max Maximum value of I+ mm kvnin Minimum value of h, m
13、m .hl Mean value of /+ mm 7;. Mean value of h, mm h, Mean ear height mm h e,!nax Maximum ear height mm Z Ear height expressed as a percent- age % 43 Surface roughness parameter: arithmetic mean deviation of profile pm Figure 1 - Schematic section of cup 1 Copyright International Organization for Sta
14、ndardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 03:34:30 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 11531:1994(E) Punch Direction of blankholder force Blankholder Die I I Figure 2 - Schem
15、atic diagram of test equipment 4 Principle Cylindrical cups are drawn from circular blanks taken from metal sheets or strips, and the height of any earing produced by this process is measured. 5 Test equipment 5.1 The general arrangement of the test equipment is given in figure2. The punch shall be
16、capable of moving along the central axis of the die and blankholder and the blank. The equipment shall be such that ironing of ears due to the blankholder force and/or due to insufficient clearance between the punch and die is avoided and such that the cup can be removed without damaging the ears. 5
17、.2 The machine shall be capable of controlling the speed of drawing and the blankholder force. 5.3 The machine shall be equipped with a device for positioning the blank concentrically with the central axis of the machine. NOTE 1 The blank-positioning device is not required if blank is produced as pa
18、rt of the cup-forming process. 5.4 The dimensions of the punch and die shall be chosen as a function of the sheet thickness in ac- the cordance with table2, unless otherwise specified in the product standard or by agreement. NOTE 2 The punch and die dimension combinations given in table2 are general
19、 and may not be ideal for all ma- terials due to the influence of the clearance between the punch and die. It is recommended that the product standard specify the combinations required for each product. 5.5 The die, the blankholder and the punch shall be sufficiently rigid not to deform appreciably
20、during the test. The Vickers hardness of the working surfaces of the die, the blankholder and the punch shall be at least 750 HV 30. The surfaces of the die, the blankholder and the punch which contact the test piece shall be polished. The roughness value R, of the surfaces shall be in accordance wi
21、th table2. 2 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 03:34:30 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Q IS0 IS0 11531:1994(E) Table 2 Th
22、ickness of test Surface piece Inside diameter of die Inside radius of die roughness (maximum) a 4 R2 4 for d, = 33 for d, = 50 for d, = 33 for d, = 50 mm mm mm mm mm pm 0,l a 0,2 3344 50,44 2.0 3,0 +; O,l 0,4 a 0,8 34,76 51,76 3,5 +z2 485 It 0.1 03 0,8a 1,6 36.52 53,52 580 co.2 iJ 65 f OnI Or8 1,6a
23、3,0 39,60 56,60 7,o +0.2 0 9 -8.2 13 Punch radius R, will be 3,3 mm f 0,05 mm for punch diameter of 33 mm, and 5,0 mm f 0,05 mm for punch diameter 50 mm. 6 Test piece 6.1 Circular blanks are used as test pieces. The drawing ratio, i.e. the ratio of blank diameter to punch diameter, shall be as large
24、 as possible without any risk of tearing at the bottom of the cup. For a test series or comparative tests, the same drawing ratio shall be the same in all cases. A drawing ratio of l,8 has been found satisfactory. 6.2 The test piece shall be free of burrs on the edges which would interfere with the
25、test. 6.3 Before testing, the test piece shall not be sub- jected to any hammering or hot or cold working. 7 Procedure 7.1 In general, the test shall be carried out at ambi- ent temperature within the limits of 10 “C and 35 “C. Tests performed under controlled conditions shall be carried out at a te
26、mperature of 23 “C f 5 “C. 7.2 Determine the thickness of the test piece to the nearest 0,Ol mm and select the appropriate punch and die in accordance with 5.4. 7.3 Before testing, coat the two faces of the test piece lightly and uniformly with lubricant as specified in the relevant standard or by a
27、greement. The lubricant will depend on the nature of the material. 7.4 Position the blank concentrically between the blankholder and the die. Apply the blankholder force that is just sufficient to prevent wrinkling of the flange. NOTE 3 If it is not known what blankholder force is re- quired to achi
28、eve this, it will have to be found by trial and error. The following values are provided for guidance for the first attempt: Diameter of punch (mm) 33 50 (See also 5.1) Aluminium Steel 1 000 N 2 000 N 2 000 N 4 000 N 7.5 Bring the punch into contact with the test piece and form the cup without a fla
29、nge. 7.6 All non-concentric cups and those having ir- regular deformations or other faults shall be rejected. 7.7 Measure the height of each ear peak 4 and each ear valley h, on the cup with an accuracy of + 0,05 mm. 7.8 Record the orientation of the ears with respect to the direction of rolling of
30、the sheet. 8 Interpretation of results From the measurements made, the following par- ameters can be determined. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 03:34:30 MDTNo re
31、production or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 11531:1994(E) 0 IS0 8.1 Mean value of the ear peak b) all details necessary for identification of the test piece; 8.2 Mean ear height: diameter of the punch and that of the die; punch speed; number of ears and their orientation; r
32、esults from clause 8 as required by the rele- vant standard or by agreement. 8.4 Ear height expressed as a percentage: 2% 100 h, 9.2 The test report may also include the following information: a) the blankholder force; b) the type of lubricant used; c) the non-mandatory results from clause 8. Copyri
33、ght International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 03:34:30 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 11531:1994(E) Q IS0 ICS 77.040.10 Descriptors: me
34、tallurgical products, metal drawing, cupping, tests, mechanical tests, cupping tests. Price based on 4 pages Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 03:34:30 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,-