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1、 Reference number ISO 14015:2001(E) ISO 2001 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14015 First edition 2001-11-15 Environmental management Environmental assessment of sites and organizations (EASO) Management environnemental valuation environnementale de sites et dorganismes (EESO) ISO 14015:2001(E) PDF discla
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6、e requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO 2001 All rights reserved -,-,- ISO 14015:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword.iv Introductio
7、n.v 1 Scope1 2 Terms and definitions .2 3 Roles and responsibilities4 3.1 Client.4 3.2 Representative of the assessee.4 3.3 Assessor.5 4 Assessment process.6 4.1 General6 4.2 Planning6 4.3 Information gathering and validation8 4.4 Evaluation.14 5 Reporting16 5.1 Report content .16 5.2 Report form 17
8、 5.3 Report distribution 18 Bibliography19 -,-,- ISO 14015:2001(E) iv ISO 2001 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally c
9、arried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the wor
10、k. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare Inter
11、national Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of th
12、e elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14015 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management, Subcommittee SC 2, Environmental auditing and related en
13、vironmental investigations. -,-,- ISO 14015:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved v Introduction Organizations are increasingly interested in understanding the environmental issues associated with their sites and activities or those of potential acquisitions. These issues and their associated busines
14、s consequences can be appraised by means of an Environmental Assessment of the Site and Organization (EASO). Such an assessment may be carried out during operations or at the time of acquisition or divestiture of assets and may be conducted as part of a broader business assessment process often refe
15、rred to as “due diligence“. This International Standard gives guidance on how to conduct an EASO. It provides the basis for harmonization of the terminology used and for a structured, consistent, transparent and objective approach to conducting such environmental assessments. It can be used by all o
16、rganizations, including small- and medium-sized enterprises, operating anywhere in the world. This International Standard is flexible in its application and may be used for self- assessments as well as external assessments, with or without the need to employ third parties. The users of this Internat
17、ional Standard are expected to be industry, past, present and possible future users of particular sites, and organizations with a financial interest in the industry or site (e.g. banks, insurance companies, investors and site owners). This International Standard is likely to be used in connection wi
18、th the transfer of responsibilities and obligations. The information used during an EASO may be derived from sources that include environmental management system audits, regulatory compliance audits, environmental impact assessments, environmental performance evaluations or site investigations. Some
19、 of these assessments or investigations may have been conducted using other relevant ISO standards (e.g. ISO 14001, ISO 14011 or ISO 14031). Through the process of evaluating both existing and newly acquired information, an EASO seeks to draw conclusions relating to business consequences associated
20、with environmental aspects and issues. Conclusions in an EASO should be based on objective information. In the absence of validated information, an EASO assessor may be required to exercise professional judgement in evaluating the available environmental information and drawing conclusions. This Int
21、ernational Standard does not provide guidance on intrusive investigations or site remediation. However, if requested by the client, these may be undertaken in accordance with other standards or procedures. -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14015:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 1 Environmental ma
22、nagement Environmental assessment of sites and organizations (EASO) 1 Scope This International Standard provides guidance on how to conduct an EASO through a systematic process of identifying environmental aspects and environmental issues and determining, if appropriate, their business consequences.
23、 This International Standard covers the roles and responsibilities of the parties to the assessment (the client, the assessor and the representative of the assessee), and the stages of the assessment process (planning, information gathering and validation, evaluation and reporting). The process for
24、conducting an EASO is shown in Figure 1. This International Standard does not provide guidance on how to conduct other types of environmental assessment, such as: a) initial environmental reviews; b) environmental audits (including environmental management system and regulatory compliance audits); c
25、) environmental impact assessments; or d) environmental performance evaluations. Intrusive investigations and site remediation, as well as the decision to proceed with them, are outside the scope of this International Standard. This International Standard is not intended for use as a specification s
26、tandard for certification or registration purposes or for the establishment of environmental management system requirements. Use of this International Standard does not imply that other standards and legislation are imposed on the client or the assessee. -,-,- ISO 14015:2001(E) 2 ISO 2001 All rights
27、 reserved NOTE The numbers between brackets refer to (sub)clauses in this International Standard. The dashed lines indicate that the assessee is not necessarily involved in an EASO as described in this International Standard (see note to 3.2) Figure 1 Process for conducting an Environmental Assessme
28、nt of Sites and Organizations 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 assessee site or organization being assessed 2.2 assessor person, possessing sufficient competence, designated to conduct or participate in a given ass
29、essment NOTE An assessor may be internal or external to the organization subject to the assessment. More than one assessor may be required to ensure adequate coverage of all relevant matters, for example when there is a need for specific expertise. 2.3 business consequence actual or potential impact
30、 (financial or other; positive or negative; qualitative or quantitative) of the identified and evaluated environmental issues 2.4 client organization commissioning the assessment EXAMPLES The site owner, the assessee, or any other party. -,-,- ISO 14015:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 3 2.5 env
31、ironment surroundings in which an organization operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora, fauna, humans, and their interrelation NOTE Surroundings in this context extend from within an organization to the global system. ISO 14001:1996 2.6 environmental aspect element of an organ
32、izations activities, products or services that can interact with the environment NOTE An environmental aspect can relate to past, present and future activities, products and services. 2.7 environmental assessment of sites and organizations EASO process to identify objectively the environmental aspec
33、ts, to identify the environmental issues and to determine the business consequences of sites and organizations as a result of past, current and expected future activities NOTE The determination of business consequences is optional, at the discretion of the client. 2.8 environmental impact any change
34、 to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organizations activities, products or services ISO 14001:1996 2.9 environmental issue issue for which validated information on environmental aspects deviates from selected criteria and may result in liabilities
35、 or benefits, effects on the assessees or the clients public image, or other costs 2.10 environmental management system that part of the overall management system that includes organizational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources for develop
36、ing, implementing, achieving, reviewing and maintaining the environmental policy ISO 14001:1996 2.11 intrusive investigation sampling and testing using instruments and/or requiring physical interference 2.12 organization company, corporation, firm, enterprise, authority or institution, or part or co
37、mbination thereof, whether incorporated or not, public or private, that has its own functions and administration NOTE In organizations with more than one operative unit, each operative unit can be defined as an organization. 2.13 representative of the assessee person authorized to represent the asse
38、ssee ISO 14015:2001(E) 4 ISO 2001 All rights reserved 2.14 site location with defined geographical boundaries and on which activities under the control of an organization may be carried out NOTE The geographical boundaries may be on land and in water, and include above- and below-surface structures,
39、 both natural and man-made. 2.15 validation process whereby the assessor determines that the information gathered is accurate, reliable, sufficient and appropriate to meet the objectives of the assessment 3 Roles and responsibilities 3.1 Client Client responsibilities and activities should include a
40、) determining the need for the assessment, b) defining the objectives of the assessment, c) determining the scope and criteria of the assessment, if appropriate in consultation with the assessor, d) selecting the assessor(s), e) providing instructions to the assessor(s), f) defining which parts of t
41、he assessment (planning, information gathering and validation, evaluation and reporting) will be conducted by the assessor and which parts will be the responsibility of the client; this may require identification of and coordination with other experts, g) identifying and determining priority assessm
42、ent areas, if appropriate, h) contacting the representative of the assessee, if appropriate, to obtain full cooperation and to initiate the process, i) approving the assessment plan, j) providing appropriate authority and resources to enable the assessment to be conducted, k) providing the assessor
43、with the information necessary to undertake the assessment, and l) receiving the assessment results and determining their distribution. Before any disclosure of the results of the assessment to a third party, the client should decide whether to inform the representative of the assessee. NOTE The cli
44、ent, assessor and representative of the assessee may be the same body. 3.2 Representative of the assessee The roles and responsibilities of the representative of the assessee should include a) providing access to relevant areas and information to meet the objectives of the assessment, -,-,- ISO 1401
45、5:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 5 b) informing relevant employees and other parties about the assessment process, c) providing, or assisting to provide, personnel for interviews, d) providing personnel to assist in the assessment process, if requested, and e) providing a safe working environm
46、ent for the assessor. At the discretion of the client, the representative of the assessee may participate in the determination of the scope and the assessment plan and may receive the results of the assessment. The role of the representative of the assessee does not apply if the assessment is undert
47、aken without the knowledge of the assessee, or if the site and/or organization is one for which no responsible party can be identified. 3.3 Assessor The roles and responsibilities of an assessor are in some respects different from those of an auditor. Whereas an auditor verifies existing information
48、 against established criteria, an assessor in addition gathers new information and is often required to evaluate information to determine business consequences. In the conduct of an environmental assessment of sites and organizations, an assessor should use the diligence, knowledge, skill and judgement expected of any assessor in similar circumstances. An assessor should exercise discretion and maintain confidentiality unless required by laws or regulations to do otherwise. The responsibility and activities of the as