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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 6262-1:2005 Glazing for buildings Part 1: General methodology for the selection of glazing ICS 81.040.20 ? BS 6262-1:2005 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Stand
2、ards Policy and Strategy Committee on 10 October 2005 BSI 10 October 2005 First published as BS 973, 1941 Second edition 1945 Third edition, as CP 152, January 1960 Fourth edition, August 1966 Fifth edition, July 1972 Sixth edition, as BS 6262, June 1982 Seventh edition, as BS 6262-1, October 2005 T
3、he following BSI references relate to the work on this British Standard: Committee reference B/520/4 ISBN 0 580 46774 0 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee B/520, Glass and glazing in building, to Subcommittee
4、 B/520/4, Properties and glazing methods, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Adhesives and Sealants Association British Plastics Federation British Woodworking Federation Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Council for Aluminium in Building Flat Glass Manufacturers Association Gl
5、ass and Glazing Federation Nottingham University Office of the Deputy Prime Minister Building Division Office of the Deputy Prime Minister represented by the BRE RICS Building Control Forum Co-opted members Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments BS 6262-1:2005 BSI 10 October 2005 i
6、 Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope 1 2Normative references 1 3Terms and definitions 1 4Design and performance 1 Annex A (informative) Influence of legislation 7 Bibliography 9 Figure 1 Sequence of design evaluation for glazed areas 6 BS 6262-1:2005 ii BSI 10 Oc
7、tober 2005 Foreword This part of BS 6262 has been prepared by Subcommittee B/520/4. It partially supersedes BS 6262:1982, which will be withdrawn upon publication of all seven parts of the newly revised and restructured BS 6262. BS 6262:1982 is being revised and restructured to simplify its use and
8、will be published in seven parts: Part 1: General methodology for the selection of glazing; Part 2: Code of practice for energy, light and sound; Part 3: Code of practice for fire, security and wind loading; Part 4: Code of practice for safety related to human impact; Part 5: Code of practice for fr
9、ame design considerations; Part 6: Code of practice for special applications; Part 7: Code of practice for the provision of information. Recommendations for standards of workmanship for glazing have been published separately in BS 8000-7 and therefore this subject is not dealt with in this standard.
10、 Since the correct selection of materials to be used in glazing for buildings depends on many factors, the recommendations in this part of BS 6262 should be used in conjunction with those in the other parts. As a code of practice, this British Standard takes the form of guidance and recommendations.
11、 It should not be quoted as if it were a specification, and particular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance w
12、ith a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. In particular, attention is drawn to the following statutory regulations: a) the Building Regulations 2000 1; b) the Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2000 2; c) the Building (Scotland) Regulations 2004 3. Summar
13、y of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. BS 6262-1:2005 BSI 10 October 2005 1 1 Scope This part of BS
14、 6262 gives a general methodology for the selection of an appropriate choice of glass, plastics glazing sheet material and method of glazing. These recommendations do not apply to: a) patent glazing (see BS 5516-1); b) glass in non-vertical applications (see BS 5516-2); c) glazing for furniture and
15、fittings (see BS 7376 and BS 7449); d) glazing for commercial greenhouses (see BS 5502-21); e) glazing for domestic greenhouses. Recommendations for standards of workmanship for glazing have been published separately in BS 8000-7 and therefore this subject is not dealt with in this standard. 2 Norma
16、tive references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. BS 6399-2, Loading for buildings
17、Part 2: Code of practice for wind loads. BS 8206-2, Lighting for buildings Part 2: Code of practice for daylighting. BS EN 673, Glass in building Determination of thermal transmittance (U value) Calculation method. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of BS 6262, the following terms
18、 and definitions apply. 3.1 glazing (noun) glass or plastics glazing sheet material, for installation into a building 3.2 pane single piece of glass or plastics glazing sheet material, in a finished size ready for glazing 3.3 plastics glazing sheet material plastics materials in the form of a single
19、 sheet, or a combination of sheets laminated together, or an extruded multi-wall sheet 4 Design and performance 4.1 Introduction In recent years, the design and performance requirements, such as higher thermal insulation, amended acoustic performance, etc., for glass and plastics glazing sheet mater
20、ial have become more demanding. There are many requirements that previously had been regarded as client-set (for example, security) that are being incorporated into legislation (outlined in Annex A). It is important, at the initial project evaluation stage, to adopt a methodology that incorporates t
21、he implications of using any glass and plastics glazing sheet materials and the materials influence upon the performance of the building. The sequence in Figure 1 outlines such a methodology, which is expanded on from 4.2 to 4.12. In this methodology, it has been assumed that: a) the location of the
22、 glazed areas, their shapes and preliminary sizes have been decided as part of the normal building design process; b) the designer will have acquired information on glass and plastics glazing sheet materials used in similar circumstances; c) the designer is aware of the implications of any innovator
23、y design. NOTE For information on the normal building design process, see BS 8213-1. BS 6262-1:2005 2 BSI 10 October 2005 4.2 Initial constraints 4.2.1 General Before selecting any glass or plastics glazing sheet material, the factors given in 4.2.2 to 4.2.4 should be considered. 4.2.2 Design requir
24、ements Design requirements, including aesthetic considerations (such as the view) and any specific client requirements, such as security and maintenance considerations, should be considered. NOTE The desire to provide a visual link from the inside of the building to the outside (and, in some cases,
25、vice versa) might determine the size, proportion and type of window and the positioning of intermediate frame members and, hence, the size and type of the glass and plastics glazing sheet material, all of which are beyond the scope of this code of practice. 4.2.3 Legislative requirements Attention i
26、s drawn to the following statutory regulations: the Building Regulations 2000 1, the Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2000 2 and the Building (Scotland) Regulations 2004 3. The size and type of the glass and plastics glazing sheet materials, and in some cases the surrounds, might be affected
27、by Approved Documents (England and Wales), Technical Handbooks (Domestic and Non-domestic) (Scotland) and Technical Booklets (Northern Ireland) (as detailed in Annex A). 4.2.4 Effect of design on cost The following should be considered: a) the initial cost of the glazing system, including: 1) type,
28、size and thickness of glass and plastics glazing sheet materials; 2) method and materials for glazing; 3) access for initial glazing; 4) continuity of work schedule; 5) possible need for protection during construction and its removal on handover; b) the effects of the glass and plastics glazing shee
29、t materials on the capital and running costs related to the building, its heating, cooling, lighting and ventilation; c) the maintenance of the glazed areas, where the factors most likely to affect maintenance costs are: 1) the glazing materials used; 2) access for cleaning and re-glazing; 3) ease o
30、f re-glazing. The use of expensive glass and plastics glazing sheet materials should be assessed against the possibility of reduced fuel consumption and lower running costs. The comparative costs of glazing materials should be considered in conjunction with their life expectancy and the probability
31、of need for maintenance. (For guidance, see BS 6262-5.) 4.3 Glazing systems When the designer has evaluated the effect of the constraints given in 4.2, a preliminary selection of a system of glazing can be made. The design requirements in 4.4 to 4.12 should be considered in detail in order to check
32、the validity of the initial selection. 4.4 Natural lighting 4.4.1 Design information For design guidance relating to the assessment and provision of natural lighting, reference should be made to BS 8206-2. Consideration of natural lighting should be related to the provision of artificial lighting. N
33、OTE The topic of natural lighting is discussed in more detail in BS 6262-2. BS 6262-1:2005 BSI 10 October 2005 3 4.4.2 Glare The following four manifestations of glare from glass and plastics glazing sheet materials should be considered: a) direct glare from the sun; b) glare from the sky, excluding
34、 direct sunlight; c) glare resulting from diffracting or diffusing glass and plastics glazing sheet materials of high luminance; d) glare resulting from reflection of sunlight or skylight. Preventing the sun from entering the window aperture is one way to control direct glare from the sun. In relati
35、on to glare from the sky, or reflected glare, it is possible to use special glass and plastics glazing sheet materials with reduced light transmission in order to produce satisfactory lighting. Methods exist for the prediction of glare indices when direct sunlight is excluded. These relate to the si
36、ze and shape of the glazed area, the luminance of the relevant part of the field of view and the light transmission characteristics of the glass and plastics glazing sheet materials. As a general rule, maintaining the size and reducing the light transmission of the glass or plastics glazing sheet ma
37、terials is recommended, rather than maintaining a high light transmission and reducing the area. This is because the contrast between the glazed area and its surrounding opaque walls, etc., has to be minimized if glare is to be reduced to an acceptable level. 4.4.3 Fading When an object receives sun
38、light or skylight, fading can occur. The rate of fading depends on the nature of the object, the duration and intensity of the exposure and the type of radiation. Fading is generally associated with ultraviolet radiation, which comprises 3 % of the suns energy received at the earths surface. When as
39、sessing the performance of glass or plastics glazing sheet materials in reducing fading, it should be considered that fading can result from exposure not only to ultraviolet radiation but also to some parts of the visible radiation in sunlight and skylight. 4.4.4 Privacy The required degree of obscu
40、ration should be considered, in respect of the privacy needed, from either side of the glass or plastics glazing sheet materials and the difference between internal and external lighting conditions. 4.5 Thermal considerations 4.5.1 General The total annual energy implications of solar gain and heat
41、loss should be considered in relation to the total heat balance of the building and the glazed areas should be chosen accordingly. NOTE Solar transmission, solar heat gain, thermal insulation and heat absorption are discussed in more detail in BS 6262-2. 4.5.2 Solar transmission The effects of solar
42、 transmission can be considered in two ways: a) solar gains that occur during the summer months; b) solar gains that occur during the normal heating season between September and May. Unwanted summertime solar gains can be dealt with by the means of window design and orientation, and various forms of
43、 shading. Solar gains that occur during the heating season can be used to advantage by considering window geometry and orientation and using suitable controls on heating and lighting systems. Effective use can mean that the net energy balance of windows facing south of the east/west axis is positive
44、, i.e., the useful solar gains more than equal the conduction losses due to the glazed areas. 4.5.3 Thermal insulation The thermal insulation of building material, such as glass or plastics glazing sheet materials, is conveniently expressed by its thermal transmittance (U-value). BS 6262-1:2005 4 BS
45、I 10 October 2005 To determine the total heat loss for a particular type of glass or plastics glazing sheet material, single or multiple, multiply the U-value by the area of the glass or plastics glazing sheet material and by the temperature difference between the environment, usually indoor and out
46、door, on each side of the glazed area, as specified in BS EN 673. Glazed areas enable daylight to be admitted to a building but at the expense of a comparatively high heat loss. Multiple glazing has reduced heat loss (lower U-value) compared with single glazing because of the additional thermal insu
47、lation provided by the cavity(ies) separating the individual panes. Glass and plastics glazing sheet materials can also be used in conjunction with insulating materials to reduce the heat loss through an opaque building element. Using multiple glazing reduces the risk of condensation on the indoor s
48、urface of glass or plastics glazing sheet materials. The risk of condensation in the cavities of such systems is minimized either by hermetically sealing and filling them with dehydrated air/gas or by venting them to the outside air. 4.5.4 Heat absorption The effects of the window design on the crea
49、tion of excessive thermal stresses resulting from the heat absorbed by the glass and plastics glazing sheet materials should be considered in the design and performance of glazing materials. 4.6 Sound The reduction of transmitted noise requires an appraisal of the following four elements, each of which is frequency dependent. a) The noise source. Most noises are complex in that they include sounds of different frequencies and amplitudes. b) The human response. The ran