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1、STD.ISO 34687-ENGL ZOO 75.160.30 Ref. No. IS0 14687:1999/Cor.l:2001(E) O IS0 2001 - All rights reserved Printed in Switzerland Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 09:
2、28:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STD-IS0 14687-ENGL 1999 I 4853703 0777575 5 L B I INTERNATIONAL STAN DARD IS0 14687 First edition 1999-03-01 Hydrogen fuel - Product specification Carburant hydrogene - Specification de produit This material is reproduce
3、d from IS0 documents under International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Copyright License Number IHS/ICC/1996. Not for resale. No part of these IS0 documents may be reproduced in any form, electronic retrieval system or otherwise, except as allowed in the copyright law of the country ob use.
4、 or with the prior written consent of IS0 (Case postale 56, 121 1 Geneva 20, Switzerland. Fax +41 22 734 10 791, IHS or the IS0 Licensors members. Reference number IS0 146873 999( E) Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technic
5、al Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 09:28:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STD-IS0 24b7-ENGL 2777 m Li851703 077757b q 5 4 m Is0 1 4687: 1 999( E) Contents 1 Scope 1 2 Terms and definitions . 1 3 Requirements . 1 3.1 Classification . 1 3.2
6、 Applications 2 3.3 Limiting characteristics 2 4 Quality verification . 2 4.1 Quality tests 2 4.2 Production qualification tests . 2 4.2.1 General requirements 2 4.2.2 Analytical requirements of the production qualification tests 2 4.3 Lot acceptance tests 4 4.3.1 Applicability 4 4.3.2 Lot definitio
7、ns 4 4.3.3 Number of samples per lot . 4 5 Sampling . 4 5.1 Sample size 4 5.2 Gaseous samples . 4 5.3 Liquid samples (vapourized) . 5 6 Test methods 5 6.1 Parameters of analysis . 5 6.2 Hydrogen assay for purity . 5 6.3 Hydrogen assay for para-hydrogen 6 o IS0 1999 All rights reserved . Unless other
8、wise specified. no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means. electronic or mechanical. including photocopying and microfilm. without permission in writing from the publisher . International Organization for Standardization Case postale 56 CH-1 21 1 Genve 20
9、Switzerland internet isoOiso.ch Printed in Switzerland II Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 09:28:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from
10、 IHS -,-,- o IS0 6.4 Water content 6 6.5 Total hydrocarbon content 6 6.6 Oxygen content . 6 6.7 Argon, nitrogen. neon and helium contents 7 6.8 Carbon dioxide content 7 6.9 Carbon monoxide content . 7 6.10 Mercury vapour content . 8 6.11 Total sulfur content 8 6.12 Permanent particulates 8 7 Safety
11、and detection 8 7.1 Safety . 8 7.2 Detection 8 Bibliography 9 . 111 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 09:28:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without li
12、cense from IHS -,-,- STD-IS0 34b87-ENGL 3797 = 4853703 0777578 227 = IS0 14687:1999(E) o IS0 Foreword IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried
13、 out through IS0 technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0
14、 collaborates closely with the International Eiectrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committe
15、es are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 O/O of the member bodies casting a vote. This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISOTC 197, Hydrogen technologies. iv Copyright International Organization for Standa
16、rdization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 09:28:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STD-IS0 14b87-ENGL 1777 4851703 0777599 1b3 I - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD o IS0 IS0 14687:1999(E)
17、 Hydrogen fuel - Product specification 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the quality characteristics o f hydrogen fuel in order to assure uniformity of the hydrogen product as produced and distributed for utilization in vehicular, appliance or other fuelling applications. This Internatio
18、nal Standard applies to all modes of transportation and hydrogen fuelling applications (ground, water, air and space). 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 gaseous hydrogen hydrogen that has been produced to gaseous f
19、orm, and brought to essentially ambient conditions as an equilibrium mixture of orthohydrogen and para-hydrogen, purified to a minimum mole fraction of 98 % GH2 NOTE electrolytic or biological processes. The gaseous form is produced typically by any number of methods, including petrochemical, thermo
20、chemical, solar, 2.2 liquid hydrogen hydrogen that has been liquefied, i.e. brought to a liquid state (para) LH2 NOTE effect. Liquefaction may be carried out by either chilling and compression or other means such as the magnetocaloric 2.3 slush hydrogen SLH, hydrogen that is a mixture of solid and L
21、H, at the eutectic (triple-point) temperature 3 Requirements 3.1 Classification Hydrogen fuel shall be classified according to the following types and grade designations: a) Type I (grades A, 6, and C): Gaseous hydrogen b) Type II: Liquid hydrogen c) Type III: Slush hydrogen 1 Copyright Internationa
22、l Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 09:28:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STD-IS0 L4bA7-ENGL 1999 q85L03 0779b00 705 m IS0 1 4687: 1 999( E) o
23、IS0 3.2 Applications The following information characterizes representative applications of each type and grade of hydrogen fuel. It is noted that suppliers (especially liquid transporters) commonly transport hydrogen of a higher quality than some users may require. The “lower“ grades A and B entail
24、 less stringent requirements, which may be more suitable for “captive“ systems such as vehicle fleetskommon fill or on-site hydrogen production/use, such as in industrial complexes. Type I, grade A internal combustion enginedfuel cells for transportation; residential/commercial appliances; Type I, g
25、rade B industrial fuel, for use e.g. in power generation or as a heat energy source; Type I, grade C aircraft and space-vehicle ground support systems; Type II aircraft and space-vehicle onboard propulsion and electrical energy requirements; land vehicles; Type III aircraft and space-vehicle onboard
26、 propulsion. 3.3 Limiting characteristics The Directory of Limiting Characteristics, outlined in Table 1, specifies the requirements applicable to each type and grade of hydrogen fuel. A blank indicates no maximum limiting characteristic. The absence of a maximum limiting characteristic in a listed
27、quality level does not imply that the component is or is not present, but merely indicates that the test need not be performed for compliance with this International Standard. 4 Quality verification 4.1 Quality tests The supplier shall assure, by standard practice, the verification of the quality le
28、vel of hydrogen. The sampling and control procedures described in 4.3.1 and 4.3.2 and in clauses 5 and 6 may be applied. Other control procedures not listed in this International Standard are acceptable if agreed upon between the supplier and the customer. 4.2 Production qualification tests 4.2.1 Ge
29、neral requirements Production qualification tests are a single analysis or a series of analyses that shall be performed on the product to assure the reliability of the production facility to supply hydrogen of the required quality level. This production qualification may be achieved by verifying the
30、 analytical records of product from the supplier, or, if required, by performing analyses of representative samples of the product from the facility at appropriate intervals as agreed between the supplier and the customer. Production qualification tests may be performed by the supplier or by a labor
31、atory agreed upon between the supplier and the customer. 4.2.2 Analytical requirements of the production qualification tests The analytical requirements for the production qualification tests shall include the determination of all limiting characteristics of hydrogen. 2 Copyright International Organ
32、ization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 09:28:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- o IS0 Density Subclause e 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.8 6.10 6.1 1 STD
33、-IS0 14b87-ENGL 1779 = Li852703 0777bOL bllL IS0 14687:1999( E) Table 1 - Directory of limiting characteristics Dimensions in micromoles per mole unless otherwise stated Characteristics Type I Type II Type 111 (assay) Grade A Grade B Grade C - Hydrogen purity 98,O 99,90 99,995 99,995 99,995 minimum
34、mole fraction, “ / O ) minimum mole fraction, Yo) Impurities (maximum content) Para-h ydrogen NS NS NS 95,O 95,O NOTE 1 NS: Not specified NOTE 2 NC: Not to be condensed a Combined water, oxygen, nitrogen and argon: max. 1 900 pmolmol. Combined nitrogen, water and hydrocarbon: max. 9 pmol/mol Combine
35、d oxygen and argon: max. 1 pmolmol. Total CO, and CO: max. 1 pmolmol. To be agreed between supplier and customer. The hydrogen shall not contain dust, sand, dirt, gums. oils, or other substances in an amount sufficient to damage the fuelling station equipment or the vehicle (engine) being fuelled. 3
36、 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 09:28:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STD-IS0 34b87-ENGL 1999 E 4853703 0777b02 588
37、I I IS0 1 4687: 1 999( E) o IS0 4.3 Lot acceptance tests 4.3.1 Applicability Lot acceptance tests are analyses that shall be performed on the hydrogen in the delivery container, or a sample thereof, which is representative of the lot. 4.3.2 Lot definitions One of the following definitions of the lot
38、 shall be used: a) no specific quantity, or any quantity of hydrogen agreed upon between the supplier and the customer; b) all of the hydrogen supplied, or containers filled, during the contract period; c) d) e) all of the hydrogen supplied, or containers filled, during a calendar month; all of the
39、hydrogen supplied, or containers filled, during seven consecutive days; all of the hydrogen supplied, or containers filled, during a consecutive 24-h period; f) all of the hydrogen supplied, or containers filled, during one continuous shift; g) all of the hydrogen supplied in one shipment; h) all of
40、 the hydrogen supplied in one delivery container; i) 4.3.3 Number of samples per lot all of the hydrogen in the container(s) filled on one manifold at the same time. The number of samples per lot shall be in accordance with one of the following: a) one sample per lot; b) any number of samples agreed
41、 upon by the supplier and the customer. 5 Sampling 5.1 Sample size The quantity of hydrogen in a single sample container shall be sufficient to perform the analyses for the limiting characteristics. If a single sample does not contain a sufficient quantity of hydrogen to perform all of the analyses
42、required to assess the quality level, additional samples from the same lot shall be taken under similar conditions. 5.2 Gaseous samples Gaseous samples shall be representative of the hydrogen supply. Samples shall be obtained using one of the following procedures. a) Fill the sample container and de
43、livery containers at the same time, on the same manifold and in the same manner. b) Withdraw a sample from the supply container through a suitable connection into the sample container. No regulator shall be used between the supply and the sample containers (a suitable purge valve may be used). For s
44、afety reasons, the sample container and sampling system shall have a rated service pressure at least equal to the pressure in the supply container. 4 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for
45、 Resale, 04/21/2007 09:28:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STD-IS0 14b87-ENGL 1779 W 4853903 0777b03 qL4 W o IS0 IS0 14687:1999(E) c) Connect the container being sampled directly to the analytical equipment using suitable pressure regulation to prevent ove
46、r-pressurizing this equipment. d) Select a representative container from the containers filled in the lot. 5.3 Liquid samples (vaporized) Vaporized liquid samples shall be representative of the liquid hydrogen supply. Samples shall be obtained using one of the following procedures: a) by vaporizing,
47、 in the sampling line, liquid hydrogen from the supply container; b) by flowing liquid hydrogen from the supply container into or through a suitable container in which a representative sample is collected and then vaporized. 6 Test methods 6.1 Parameters of analysis The parameters for analytical tec
48、hniques contained in this clause are: a) mole fraction, expressed as a percentage (YO); b) number of cubic centimetres per cubic metre (cm3/m3) water only; NOTE 1 Contents in 6.1 a) and b) represent c) number of micromoles per mole (pmol/mol). Total hydrocarbon content ?as methane? for the purpose of this International Standard is defined as the single carbon atom equivalent. Calibration gas standards which contain the applicable gaseous components may be needed to calibrate the