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1、 Reference number ISO 16101:2004(E) ISO 2004 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16101 First edition 2004-09-15 Packaging Transport packaging for dangerous goods Plastics compatibility testing Emballages Emballages pour le transport des marchandises dangereuses Essais de compatibilit des matires plastiques I
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5、ven below. ISO 2004 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs membe
6、r body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2004 All rights reserved ISO 16101:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved iii Foreword ISO
7、 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical com
8、mittee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrot
9、echnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the mem
10、ber bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identify
11、ing any or all such patent rights. ISO 16101 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 122, Packaging, Subcommittee SC 3, Performance requirements and tests for means of packaging, packages and unit loads, in accordance with the
12、 Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement). Throughout the text of this document, read “.this European Standard.” to mean “.this International Standard.”. ISO 16101:2004(E) iv ISO 2004 All rights reserved Contents page Forewordv Introductionvi 1 Scope 1 2 Normative re
13、ferences 1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Test requirements2 5 Selection and preparation of test packagings3 6 Facilities for testing.5 7 Conditioning procedures6 8 Permeability testing.8 Annex A (normative) Standard liquids and applicability to polyethylene types 9 Annex B (normative) Small scale lab
14、oratory tests to assess packaged substances against standard liquids .12 Annex C (informative) Assimilation of packaged substance to standard liquids 30 Bibliography67 -,-,- ISO 16101:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved v Foreword This document (EN ISO 16101:2004) has been prepared by CEN /TC 261,
15、“Packaging“, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR, in collaboration with ISO/TC 122 “Packaging“. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2005, and conflicting national standards
16、 shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2005. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports the objectives of the framework Directives on Transport of Dangerous Goods. This European Standard has been s
17、ubmitted for reference into the RID and/or in the technical annexes of the ADR. Therefore in this context the standards listed in the normative references and covering basic requirements of the RID/ADR not addressed within the present standard are normative only when the standards themselves are ref
18、erred to in the RID and/or in the technical annexes of the ADR. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Franc
19、e, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. ISO 16101:2004(E) vi ISO 2004 All rights reserved Introduction This standard was developed to provide
20、requirements and test procedures to meet the compatibility provisions for plastics packagings to contain liquids as set out in: The European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) (covering most of Europe) 2 and Regulations concerning the International Carri
21、age of Dangerous Goods by Rail (RID) (covering most of Europe, parts of North Africa and the Middle East) 5. This procedure is an alternative option to that set out in the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods 1. Plastics packaging material can be attacked by the chemical contents o
22、f the package. Such effects are caused by different mechanisms such as environmental stress cracking (ESC) chemical degradation and swelling. The UN Recommendations and the associated modal regulations require that all packagings shall be assessed for compatibility with the substances which they are
23、 to contain. The UN text makes special reference to plastics packagings for liquids. The procedure therein contains details of testing for six months at ambient temperature with the liquid to be carried. RID/ADR permits as an alternative the use of standard liquids to which this document refers. The
24、 UN Recommendations are given legal entity not only to ADR and RID but also to: The International Civil Aviation Organisations Technical Instructions for the SafeTransport of Dangerous Goods by Air (ICAO Tis) (worldwide) 3 and The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code) (worldwide) 4
25、. These two modal rules do not refer to the standard liquid tests but they may still be acceptable as the UN provisions do not make the six month test a mandatory requirement. The application of this standard will need to take account of the requirements of these international agreements and the rel
26、evant national regulations 6 7 for domestic transport of dangerous goods. Although not stipulated in the UN Recommendations or the modal regulations, these tests may be applied, where deemed appropriate, to inner packagings of combination packagings. However, for this purpose, the standard liquid te
27、sts may not be applicable to all types of plastics materials, since the tests were originally created for high molecular weight high density polyethylene (PE-HD-HMW). WARNING The use of this International Standard may involve hazardous materials and equipment. This International Standard does not pu
28、rport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this International Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. -,-,- ISO 16101:2004(E) ISO 2004 All r
29、ights reserved 1 1 Scope This standard specifies the requirements and test methods for compatibility testing of polyethylene based plastics packagings and composite packagings with plastic inners containing liquids. The testing involves storage with the packaged substance, or with a standard liquid
30、as defined in annex A. Annex B describes small scale laboratory tests, which may be used to determine the assimilation of those products to be carried with the standard liquids. NOTE This standard should be used in conjunction with one or more of the International Regulations set out in the Bibliogr
31、aphy 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 291, Plastics
32、- Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing EN ISO 527-2, Plastics - Determination of tensile properties - Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and extrusion plastics (ISO 527-2:1993) EN ISO 1133, Plastics - Determination of the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and the melt volume-flow rate (MVR) o
33、f thermoplastics (ISO 1133:1997) EN ISO 1183-1, Plastics - Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics Part 1: Immersion method, liquid pyknometer method and titration method (ISO 1183-1:2004) EN ISO 1628-3, Plastics - Determination of the viscosity of polymers in dilute solution us
34、ing capillary viscometers - Part 3: Polyethylenes and polypropylenes (ISO 1628-3:2001) EN ISO 1872-2, Plastics Polyethylene (PE) moulding and extrusion materials Part 2: Preparation of test specimens and determination of properties (ISO 1872-2:1997) EN ISO 2818, Plastics Preparation of test specimen
35、s by machining (ISO 2818:1994) EN ISO 11403-3 Plastics - Acquisition and presentation of comparable multipoint data - Part 3: Environmental influences on properties (ISO 11403-3:1999) EN ISO 11542-2:1998, Plastics - Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (PE-UHMW) moulding and extrusion materials
36、- Part 2: Preparation of test specimens and determination of properties (ISO 11542-2:1998) EN ISO 16104:2003, Packaging Transport packaging for dangerous goods Test methods (ISO 16104:2002) EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (ISO/IEC 170
37、25:1999) ISO 16770, Plastics - Determination of environmental stress crack (ESC ) of polyethylene Full-notch creep test (FNCT) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. ISO 16101:2004(E) 2 ISO 2004 All rights reserved 3.1 competent
38、 authority any national regulatory body or authority designated or otherwise recognised as such for any purpose in connection with the regulations specified in the Bibliography 3.2 plastics packagings drums, jerricans and composite packagings with inner plastics receptacle made from certain types of
39、 plastics NOTE Certain types of polyethylene are listed in A.3. 3.3 packaged substance (chemical product) dangerous liquid with which the packaging is to be filled for transport NOTE Packagings used for solid packaged substances, which can become liquid at temperatures encountered during transport,
40、should also meet the requirements of packagings for liquids. 3.4 standard liquids defined liquids that are representative in their effect for a specific kind of interaction between a packaged substance and the plastics packaging NOTE A full description of the standard liquids can be found in A.2. 4
41、Test requirements 4.1 General Plastics packagings selected in accordance with clause 5 shall be conditioned with the packaged substance or a standard liquid with which it is to be assimilated. Annex C contains a list of substances assigned to standard liquids For other chemicals not listed in annex
42、C, small scale laboratory tests (see annex B) shall be used to prove assimilation with standard liquids. The standard liquid chosen shall be at least as aggressive as the substance to be transported. Where the packaged substance to be filled cannot be assimilated with one of the standard liquids, th
43、e packaged substance itself shall be used and its specification recorded. In the event that the effect is more aggressive than that of the standard liquids, the six month procedure shall be followed, as given in 7.2, or alternatively, and with the exception of nitric acid 55%, the accelerated proced
44、ure, as given in 7.3. NOTE When the standard liquid is water, proof of chemical compatibility is not required. 4.2 Conditioning Plastics packagings shall be conditioned in accordance with clause 7 of this standard. 4.3 Post-conditioning inspection At the end of the conditioning period the packagings
45、 shall be inspected for leakage. Where no leakage is apparent testing in accordance with clause 7 of EN ISO 16104:2003 shall commence within 21 days of the end of the conditioning period (see 7.4). 4.4 Drop test When tested in accordance with 7.1 of EN ISO 16104:2003, the plastics packaging: a) shal
46、l be leakproof, subsequent to any slight discharge that may be apparent at the moment of impact and subsequent to the equalization of internal and external pressures (except for inner packagings of combination packagings, when it is not necessary for the pressure to be equalized); -,-,- ISO 16101:20
47、04(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 3 b) shall not exhibit any damage liable to affect safety during transport, for example if the package cannot be used without leaking. 4.5 Stacking test When tested in accordance with 7.2 of EN ISO 16104:2003, the packaging shall not: a) show any sign of leakage ;
48、b) show any deterioration which could adversely affect transport safety, nor any distortion liable to reduce its strength or stability in stacks of packages. 4.6 Leakproofness test When tested in accordance with 7.3 of EN ISO 16104:2003, plastics packagings shall be leakproof. 4.7 Hydraulic pressure
49、 test When tested in accordance with 7.4 of EN ISO 16104:2003, plastics packagings shall be leakproof. 4.8 Permeability testing With the exception of composite packagings having a plastics receptacle with outer steel drum, when tested in accordance with 8 of this standard, plastics packaging shall have a permeability not exceeding 0,008 g/l.h. 4.9 Equivalent testing The tes