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1、 Reference number ISO 18278-2:2004(E) ISO 2004 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18278-2 First edition 2004-11-01 Resistance welding Weldability Part 2: Alternative procedures for the assessment of sheet steels for spot welding Soudage par rsistance Soudabilit Partie 2: Mthodes alternatives dvaluation des
2、tles dacier pour le soudage par points ISO 18278-2:2004(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the
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5、 the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2004 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from eit
6、her ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2004 All rights reserved -,-,- ISO 18278-2:200
7、4(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body
8、 interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotec
9、hnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by
10、the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent righ
11、ts. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 18278-2 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 44, Welding and allied processes, Subcommittee SC 10, Unification of requirements in the
12、field of metal welding, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement). Throughout the text of this document, read “.this European Standard.” to mean “.this International Standard.”. ISO 18278 consists of the following parts, under the general title
13、Resistance welding Weldability: Part 1: Assessment of weldability for resistance spot, seam and projection welding of metallic materials Part 2: Alternative procedures for the assessment of sheet steels for spot welding ISO 18278-2:2004(E) iv ISO 2004 All rights reserved Contents page Foreword.vi In
14、troduction.vii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Purpose.2 5 Welding equipment .2 5.1 General2 5.2 Electrodes.2 5.3 Welding current3 5.4 Mechanical system 3 5.5 Parameter measurement.3 6 Range of qualification .4 7 Test specimen characteristics .4 7.1 Materials .4 7.2 A
15、ssemblies.4 8 Preliminary adjustments.4 8.1 Electrode position check under electrode force used for the test.4 8.2 Electrode conditioning4 9 Determination of the acceptable welding current range .5 9.1 Test specimens5 9.2 Welding parameters 5 9.3 Acceptance criteria5 9.4 Procedure .6 10 Estimation o
16、f electrode lifetime N6 10.1 Essentials of the test.6 10.2 Adjustment of machine settings 6 10.3 Procedure .6 10.4 Test criteria, interpretation of results7 11 Specific conditions for steel sheet customer qualification.7 11.1 Purpose.7 11.2 Material .7 11.3 Assemblies.8 11.4 Welding parameters 8 11.
17、5 Acceptance criteria10 12 Test report 10 12.1 General10 12.2 Available welding current range 10 12.3 Electrode lifetime.11 Annex A (normative) Profile tolerances and control gauges for electrodes.12 Annex B (normative) Electrode position check14 Annex C (normative) Determination of available weldin
18、g current range.15 Annex D (informative) Test specimens for mechanical characterisation.16 ISO 18278-2:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved v Annex E (informative) Test sheet - Available welding current range.18 Annex F (informative) Test sheet - Lifetime of electrodes 19 Bibliography20 -,-,- ISO 18
19、278-2:2004(E) vi ISO 2004 All rights reserved Foreword This document (EN ISO 18278-2:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 44 “Welding and allied processes”. This European Standar
20、d shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2005. This standard consists of the following parts: Part 1: Assessment of weldabili
21、ty for resistance spot, seam and projection welding of metallic materials; Part 2: Alternative procedures for the assessment of sheet steels for spot welding. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement thi
22、s European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. ISO 182
23、78-2:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved vii Introduction This document describes alternative procedures for assessing the weldability of sheet steels by determining the welding range and electrode life for resistance spot welding. It supplements generic standards for the assessment of the weldabil
24、ity lobe (EN ISO 14327) and electrode life at constant machine settings (EN ISO 8166). These procedures can be used to evaluate the following: a) the effect of electrode material, shape, dimensions and electrode cooling when welding a particular material; b) the effect of material type and thickness
25、 being welded; c) the effect of welding conditions; d) the effect of welding equipment type. -,-,- -,-,- ISO 18278-2:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 1 1 Scope This document specifies a laboratory test procedure for the determination of the acceptable welding current range and the assessment of
26、electrode life using a multi-spot test with specific conditions. This document is applicable for the assessment of the weldability of uncoated and coated sheet steels of thicknesses up to 3 mm. The test procedure specified in this document and the results obtained, apply only for the introduction of
27、 a new type or batch of material. Procedures for determining the generic weldability lobe at a constant weld time or electrode force are given in EN ISO 14327. The electrode life at constant machine settings is given in EN ISO 8166. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indis
28、pensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 22768-1, General tolerances Part 1: Tolerances for linear and angular dimensions without i
29、ndividual tolerance indications (ISO 2768-1:1989). EN 22768-2, General tolerances Part 2: Geometrical tolerances for features without individual tolerance indications (ISO 2768-2:1989). EN 25821, Resistance spot welding electrode caps (ISO 5821:1979). EN ISO 5183-1, Resistance welding equipment Elec
30、trode adaptors, male taper 1:10 Part 1: Conical fixing, taper 1:10 (ISO 5183-1:1998). EN ISO 6520-2, Welding and allied processes Classification of geometric imperfections in metallic materials Part 2: Welding with pressure (ISO 6520-2:2001). EN ISO 8166, Resistance welding Procedure for the evaluat
31、ion of the life of spot welding electrodes using constant machines settings (ISO 8166:2003). EN ISO 14272, Specimen dimensions and procedure for cross tension testing resistance spot and embossed projection welds (ISO 14272:2000). EN ISO 14327, Resistance welding Procedures for determining the welda
32、bility lobe for resistance spot, projection and seam welding (ISO 14327:2004). EN ISO 14329:2003, Resistance welding Destructive tests of welds Failure types and geometric measurements for resistance spot, seam and projection welds (ISO 14329:2003). EN ISO 18278-1:2004, Resistance welding Weldabilit
33、y Part 1: Assessment of weldability for resistance spot, seam and projection welding of metallic materials (ISO 18278-1:2004). ISO 669:2000, Resistance welding Resistance welding equipment Mechanical and electrical requirements. ISO 5182, Welding Materials for resistance welding electrodes and ancil
34、lary equipment. ISO 10447, Welding Peel and chisel testing of resistance spot, projection and seam welds. ISO/DIS 14373, Resistance welding Procedure for spot welding of uncoated and coated low carbon steels. -,-,- ISO 18278-2:2004(E) 2 ISO 2004 All rights reserved ISO/DIS 17657-1, Resistance weldin
35、g Welding current measurement for resistance welding Part 1: Guideline for measurement. ISO/DIS 17657-2, Resistance welding Welding current measurement for resistance welding Part 2: Welding current meter with current sensing coil. ISO/DIS 17657-3, Resistance welding Welding current measurement for
36、resistance welding Part 3: Current sensing coil. ISO/DIS 17657-4, Resistance welding Welding current measurement for resistance welding Part 4: Calibration system. ISO/DIS 17657-5, Resistance welding Welding current measurement for resistance welding Part 5: Verification of welding current measuring
37、 system. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 669:2000, EN ISO 14329:2003 and EN ISO 18278-1:2004 and the following apply. 3.1 acceptable welding current range range of R.M.S. values of welding current between lower and upper limits which
38、allows an acceptable weld diameter 3.2 R.M.S. value R.M.S. value of an alternating voltage is the square root of the mean value of the square of the voltage values during a complete cycle 4 Purpose This procedure allows the determination of the lower and upper limits of the welding current under spe
39、cific welding configuration in order to assess the life of the electrode for a given welding current chosen within the acceptable welding current range, without any redressing of the electrode tips. NOTE If automatic redressing or current stepping procedures are used, it is necessary to use a modifi
40、ed test and procedure. 5 Welding equipment 5.1 General Welding equipment shall be capable of delivering the required welding conditions to carry out the tests as defined below. 5.2 Electrodes The electrodes shall be of type A 2/3 material as defined in ISO 5182 unless otherwise specified. The electr
41、ode configuration for these tests shall conform to: cap electrodes to be used; EN 25821 - G 16 20 - (d1 = 16 mm - l1 = 20 mm) for sheets with a thickness 10 m X = 2 X = 4 For other materials, the welding parameters shall be selected in accordance with ISO/DIS 14373. 11.5 Acceptance criteria 11.5.1 T
42、ype of fracture The type of fracture defined in EN ISO 14329 shall be specified. 11.5.2 Measure criteria The weld obtained shall have the following dimensions, measured at the plane of the joint: Range of thickness 4 mm 6 mm With smaller dimension 3 mm 5 mm 12 Test report 12.1 General All welding cu
43、rrents recorded in the test report shall be corrected according to the relevant references (see 5.5.1). In addition to the information required in 11.2 and 11.3, the test report shall include all information that facilitate interpretation, especially anomalies such as sticking of the electrodes to t
44、he sheet, etc. 12.2 Available welding current range For each test carried out, the following information shall be recorded on a graph: welding current; diameter of the welds obtained during each test; splashing (if any). The mean tensile load value for every set of test specimens shall be recorded i
45、n the table. ISO 18278-2:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 11 In addition, the report shall include all test data as specified in EN ISO 8166 and a record of the current used to produce a weld spot at the minimum current I. An example of a typical data sheet is given in Annex E. 12.3 Electrode li
46、fetime The following information shall be presented on a graph: change in weld diameter as a function of the number of spot welds produced; change in weld current as a function of the number of spot welds produced; electrode sticking (if any). Electrode lifetime value N obtained without the use of a
47、 current stepping procedure shall be recorded with N + n value with the reason why the test was stopped. In addition, the report shall include all test data as specified in EN ISO 14327. An example of a typical data sheet is given in Annex F. -,-,- ISO 18278-2:2004(E) 12 ISO 2004 All rights reserved
48、 Annex A (normative) Profile tolerances and control gauges for electrodes Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 Profile A 2 Profile B Figure A.1 Control gauge for electrodes used on sheet of 0,8 mm (G 16 20) Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 Profile A 2 Profile B Figure A.2 Profile tolerances for electrodes used on sheet of 0,8 mm (G 16 20) -,-,- ISO 18278-2:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 13 Dimensions in millimetre