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1、 Reference number ISO 17640:2005(E) ISO 2005 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17640 First edition 2005-07-15 Non-destructive testing of welds Ultrasonic testing of welded joints Contrle non destructif des assemblages souds Contrle par ultrasons des assemblages souds ISO 17640:2005(E) PDF disclaimer This P
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4、PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2005 All rights reserve
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6、. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2005 All rights reserved -,-,- ISO 17640:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 S
7、cope . 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 2 5 Information requirements 2 5.1 Information required prior to testing 2 5.2 Additional pre-test information. 3 5.3 Written test procedure 3 6 Requirements for personnel and equipment. 3 6.1 Personnel q
8、ualifications 3 6.2 Equipment . 4 6.3 Probe parameters . 4 7 Test volume. 4 8 Preparation of scanning surfaces. 5 9 Parent material testing. 6 10 Range and sensitivity setting 6 10.1 General. 6 10.2 Reference level 6 10.3 Evaluation levels. 7 10.4 Transfer correction. 7 10.5 Signal-to-noise ratio. 8
9、 11 Testing levels 8 12 Testing technique. 8 12.1 General. 8 12.2 Manual scan path 8 12.3 Testing for imperfections perpendicular to the test surface 9 12.4 Location of indications. 9 12.5 Evaluation of indications . 9 13 Test report . 10 13.1 General. 10 13.2 General data 10 13.3 Information relati
10、ng to equipment 11 13.4 Information relating to testing technique. 11 13.5 Results of testing 11 Annex A (normative) Testing levels for various types of welded joint. 12 Bibliography. 26 -,-,- ISO 17640:2005(E) iv ISO 2005 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standard
11、ization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to
12、be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Stand
13、ards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Inte
14、rnational Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 17640
15、was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 44, Welding and allied processes, Subcommittee SC 5, Testing and inspection of welds. ISO 17640:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved v Introduction This International Standard describes general methods for ultrasonic testing, using standard criteria, of the
16、 most commonly used welded joints. It specifies requirements for equipment, surface preparation, inspection performance and reporting. The parameters specified, in particular those for the probes, are compatible with the requirements of EN 1712 and EN 1713, and are suitable for use with other accept
17、ance criteria standards. The inspection techniques are suitable for the detection of weld imperfections specified in typical weld acceptance standards. The methods used for ultrasonic assessment of indications and acceptance criteria shall be specified, for example by reference to application standa
18、rds. Requests for official interpretations of any aspect of this International Standard should be directed to the Secretariat of ISO/TC 44/SC 5 via your national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org. NOTE If the acceptance criteria require a more precise det
19、ermination of the height and nature of the defect, e.g. when fitness-for-purpose criteria are applied, this may necessitate the use of techniques outside the scope of this International Standard. -,-,- -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17640:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 1 Non-destructive test
20、ing of welds Ultrasonic testing of welded joints 1 Scope This International Standard specifies methods for manual ultrasonic testing of fusion-welded joints in metallic materials, greater than or equal to 8 mm thick, which exhibit low ultrasonic attenuation (especially that due to scatter). This Int
21、ernational Standard is primarily intended for full penetration welded joints where both the welded and parent materials are ferritic. This International Standard specifies four testing levels (A, B, C and D) (see Clause 11), each corresponding to a different probability of detection of imperfections
22、. Rules for the selection of testing levels A, B and C are given in Annex A. This International Standard may be used for assessment of indications, for acceptance purposes, by either of the following methods: a) evaluation based primarily on length and echo amplitude of the signal indication; b) eva
23、luation based on characterization and sizing of the indication by probe movement methods. The techniques described in this International Standard may be specified, for example in an application standard, for use with: materials other than those stated, partial-penetration welds, automated equipment.
24、 In each case, the technique should be verified as having adequate sensitivity. NOTE Where material-dependent ultrasonic values are specified in this International Standard, they are based on steels having an ultrasonic sound velocity of (5 920 50) m/s for longitudinal waves, and (3 255 30) m/s for
25、transverse waves. This is to be taken into account when testing materials with a different velocity. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the lat
26、est edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 5577, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic inspection Vocabulary ISO 10375, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic inspection Characterization of search unit and sound field ISO 12715, Ultrasonic non-destructive testing Referen
27、ce blocks and test procedures for the characterization of contact search unit beam profiles ISO 17640:2005(E) 2 ISO 2005 All rights reserved ISO 17635, Non-destructive testing of welds General rules for fusion welds in metallic materials EN 583-1, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic examination Part
28、1: General principles EN 583-2, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic examination Part 2: Sensitivity and range setting 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 17635 and ISO 5577 apply. 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms The symbols and abbreviated
29、 terms used in this International Standard are given in Table 1. Table 1 Symbols and abbreviated terms Symbol Term Unit t Thickness of parent material (at the thinnest point) mm DDSR Diameter of a disc-shaped reflector mm DSDH Diameter of a side-drilled hole mm t Indication length mm h Extension of
30、an indication in the depth direction mm x Position of an indication in the longitudinal direction mm y Position of an indication in the transverse direction mm z Position of an indication in the depth direction mm lz Projected length of the indication in the z-direction mm lx Projected length of the
31、 indication in the x-direction mm ly Projected length of the indication in the y-direction mm p Full skip distance mm 5 Information requirements 5.1 Information required prior to testing Prior to testing, the following items shall be specified (where applicable): method for setting the reference lev
32、el; manufacturing and operation stage(s) at which testing is to be carried out; testing level; acceptance levels; method to be used for evaluation of indications; qualification of personnel; -,-,- ISO 17640:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 3 extent of testing for transverse indications; requirem
33、ents for tandem testing; parent material testing prior to and/or after welding; requirements for written test procedures. 5.2 Additional pre-test information Prior to testing, the operator shall have access to the following information: written test procedure, if required (see 5.3); type(s) of paren
34、t material and product form (i.e. cast, forged, rolled); manufacturing or operation stage, including any heat treatment, at which testing is to be carried out; time and extent of any post-weld heat treatment; joint preparation and dimensions; requirements for surface conditions; welding procedure or
35、 relevant information on the welding process; reporting requirements; acceptance levels; extent of testing, including requirements for transverse indications, if relevant; testing level; personnel qualification level; procedures for corrective actions when unacceptable indications are revealed. NOTE
36、 Visual testing in accordance with ISO 17637 may be specified prior to any ultrasonic testing. In this case, the result shall also be made available. 5.3 Written test procedure This International Standard will normally satisfy the need for a written test procedure. Where additional written procedure
37、s are required, they shall be specified prior to testing, for example by reference to an application standard. 6 Requirements for personnel and equipment 6.1 Personnel qualifications Ultrasonic testing of welds and the evaluation of results for final acceptance shall be performed by qualified and ca
38、pable personnel. It is recommended that personnel are qualified in accordance with ISO 9712 or an equivalent standard at an appropriate level in the relevant industry sector. ISO 17640:2005(E) 4 ISO 2005 All rights reserved 6.2 Equipment All ultrasonic testing equipment shall comply with the require
39、ments of ISO 10375 and ISO 12715. 6.3 Probe parameters 6.3.1 Test frequency The test frequency shall be within the range 2 MHz to 5 MHz, and selected to comply with the specified acceptance levels. For the initial test, when the evaluation is carried out according to acceptance levels based on lengt
40、h and amplitude, e.g. EN 1712, the test frequency shall be as low as possible within the above range. Higher test frequencies may be used to improve range resolution, if necessary, when using standards for acceptance levels based on characterization of imperfections, e.g. EN 1713. NOTE Test frequenc
41、ies of approximately 1 MHz may be used for testing of long sound paths where the material shows above-average attenuation. 6.3.2 Angles of incidence When testing is carried out with transverse waves and techniques that require the ultrasonic beam to be reflected from an opposite surface, care shall
42、be taken to ensure that the incident angle of the beam, with the opposite reflecting surface, is not less than 35 and preferably not greater than 70. Where more than one probe angle is used, at least one of the angle probes used shall conform with this requirement. One of the probe angles used shall
43、 ensure that the weld fusion faces are tested at, or as near as possible to, normal incidence. When the use of two or more probe angles is specified, the difference between the nominal beam angles shall be 10 or greater. Angles of incidence at the probe and opposite reflecting surface, when curved,
44、may be determined by drawing a sectional view of the weld or in accordance with the methods given in EN 583-2. Where angles of incidence cannot be determined as specified by this International Standard, the test report shall contain a comprehensive description of the scans used and the extent of any
45、 incomplete coverage caused together with an explanation of the difficulties encountered. 6.3.3 Adaptation of probes to curved scanning surfaces The gap between test surface and bottom of the probe shoe shall not be greater than 0,5 mm. For cylindrical or spherical surfaces, this requirement will no
46、rmally be met when D W (a2/2), where D is the diameter, in millimetres, of the component and a is the dimension, in millimetres, of the probe shoe in the direction of testing. If this requirement cannot be met, the probe shoe shall be adapted to the surface and the sensitivity and range shall be set
47、 accordingly. 6.3.4 Coupling media The coupling media shall be in accordance with EN 583-1. 7 Test volume The test volume (see Figure 1) is defined as the zone which includes the weld and parent material for at least 10 mm on each side of the weld, or the width of the heat-affected zone, whichever i
48、s greater. ISO 17640:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 5 In all cases, scanning shall cover the whole test volume. If individual sections of this volume cannot be covered in at least one scanning direction, or if the angles of incidence with the opposite surface do not meet the requirements of 6.3.2, alternative or supplementary ultrasonic techniques or other non-destructive methods shall be specified. This may require removal of the weld reinforcement. Alternative or supplementary techniques may require testing using dual-element an