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1、 Reference number ISO 22090-2:2004(E) ISO 2004 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22090-2 First edition 2004-05-15 Ships and marine technology Transmitting heading devices (THDs) Part 2: Geomagnetic principles Navires et technologie maritime Dispositifs de transmission de donnes de pilotage Partie 2: Princi
2、pes gomagntiques ISO 22090-2:2004(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing th
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5、at at the address given below. ISO 2004 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address
6、 below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2004 All rights reserved ISO 22090-2:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights res
7、erved iii Contents Page Forewordiv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 2 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Performance requirements 3 4.1 Functionality 3 4.2 Information 3 4.3 Fore-and-aft mark 4 4.4 Heading information. 4 4.5 Electrical wiring. 4 4.6 Non-magnetic housing. 4 4.7 Alarm signal. 4 5 Accuracy
8、 4 5.1 General. 4 5.2 Accuracy of transmission data 4 5.3 Static error (settle point error). 4 5.4 Dynamic error 4 5.5 Follow-up error 5 5.6 Settling time requirements to the directional system. 5 5.7 Correcting the magnetic heading for magnetic variations. 5 5.8 Adjusting of magnetic deviations and
9、 heeling error. 5 5.9 Means of adjusting the deviation by vertical soft iron on the ship . 5 5.10 Protection of correcting devices. 6 5.11 Update rate 6 6 Type tests 6 6.1 General. 6 6.2 Transmission error tests 6 6.3 Fore-and-aft mark tests 6 6.4 Heading information tests 6 6.5 Static error test 7
10、6.6 Follow-up error test 7 6.7 Settling time test. 7 6.8 Tests for correcting the magnetic heading by magnetic variations 7 6.9 Tests for adjusting magnetic deviations 7 6.10 Tests for means of adjusting the deviation by vertical soft iron . 8 6.11 Dynamic accuracy. 8 6.12 Update rate test. 8 6.13 M
11、alfunction test. 8 7 Marking and identification . 8 Annex A (informative) Equivalent requirements in ISO 22090-2 and IMO Resolution MSC.116(73). 9 Bibliography . 10 ISO 22090-2:2004(E) iv ISO 2004 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide fe
12、deration of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that com
13、mittee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accord
14、ance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard require
15、s approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 22090-2 was prepared by Technica
16、l Committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, Subcommittee SC 6, Navigation. ISO 22090 consists of the following parts, under the general title Ships and marine technology Transmitting heading devices (THDs): Part 1: Gyro-compasses Part 2: Geomagnetic principles Part 3: GNSS principles -,-,- IN
17、TERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22090-2:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 1 Ships and marine technology Transmitting heading devices (THDs) Part 2: Geomagnetic principles 1 Scope This part of ISO 22090 specifies the construction, performance and testing of devices employing only magnetic means as transm
18、itting heading devices required by chapter V, SOLAS 1974 (as amended). A Transmitting Heading Device (THD) is an electronic device that provides information about the ships true heading. In addition to the general requirements contained in IMO Resolution A.694(17) to which IEC 60945 is associated an
19、d the relevant standard for the sensing part used, the THD equipment shall comply with the following minimum requirements. Where the IMO performance standards which apply to the sensing part do not specify a geographical operating area the THD shall operate a) at a minimum rate of turn 20 /s, and b)
20、 from 70 latitude south to 70 latitude north as a minimum. The THDs complying with the requirements contained in this part of ISO 22090 can be used for heading information as contained in Chapter V of the SOLAS Convention. In addition such THDs should meet the dynamic requirements contained in the H
21、SC Code, chapter 13 for the carriage of a suitable device providing heading information. NOTE 1 Several technologies can be used to detect and transmit heading information. It is illogical to standardize the detection of the heading separately from the transmission of the heading. Therefore, separat
22、e parts of this part of ISO 22090 refer to different technologies. The requirements of this part of ISO 22090 only apply to the principle of the Geomagnetic one. Other technologies are covered in other parts of ISO 22090. NOTE 2 All requirements that are extracted from the recommendation of IMO Reso
23、lution MSC. 116 (73) on performance standards for transmitting heading devices are printed in italics. A standard magnetic compass with a pickup sensor could be applied as a sensing part of this standard of geomagnetic principle. However the IMO performance resolution MSC.116(73) requires that the T
24、HD should be met for the dynamic requirements of the HSC code. Nevertheless, when the THD would be only used other than the HSC, the limit of rate of turn may be 6/s instead of 20/s . -,-,- ISO 22090-2:2004(E) 2 ISO 2004 All rights reserved 2 Normative references The following referenced documents a
25、re indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 449, Ships and marine technology Magnetic compasses, binnacles and azimuth readin
26、g devices Class A ISO 11606:2000, Ships and marine technology Marine electromagnetic compasses IEC 60945, Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems General requirements Methods of testing and required test results IEC 61162 (all parts), Maritime navigation and radiocommunicati
27、on equipment and systems Digital interfaces IMO Resolution A.424(XI): Performance standards for gyro-compasses IMO Resolution A.821(19): Performance standards for gyro-compasses for high-speed craft 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
28、 3.1 geomagnetic principle principle of the THDs depending, for its directional properties, upon the magnetism of the earth 3.2 heading any ships heading to be input to the THD function. NOTE It is defined by the direction of the vertical projection of the fore-and-aft line of the ship onto the hori
29、zontal plane. When measured relative to the true North, magnetic North or compass North, it is respectively defined as true heading, magnetic heading or compass heading, and is usually expressed in degrees as a three-figure group, starting from North, in a clockwise direction around the compass card
30、. 3.3 true heading horizontal angle between the vertical plane passing through the true meridian and the vertical plane passing through the crafts fore-and-aft datum line, measured from true north (000) clockwise through 360 3.4 magnetic compass instrument designed to seek the direction of magnetic
31、North in azimuth and to hold that direction permanently 3.5 magnetic sensor magnetic sensing part which detects the geomagnetic field concerning heading information with or without a magnetic compass and outputs the information to a processor 3.6 processor device which obtains the ships magnetic hea
32、ding information for a transmitting part by adjusting the magnetic deviations -,-,- ISO 22090-2:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 3 3.7 transmitting part device which receives heading information from the sensing part and converts this to the required accurate signal 3.8 sensing part sensing func
33、tion of detecting any heading information connected to the transmitting device 3.9 follow-up error error caused by the delay between the existence of a value to be sensed and the availability of the corresponding signal or data stream at the output of the system EXAMPLE The difference between the re
34、al heading of the turning vessel and the available information at the output of the system. NOTE A follow-up error disappears when the system is static. 3.10 transmission and resolution error error which is caused by the method used to transmit the original information to a receiving device NOTE Suc
35、h a method may have a limited capability to code any possible value of the information, e.g. step output with 1/6 resolution. This error is caused by the method used inside the THD and at its output to code the information. 3.11 static error error caused by any reason and which stays unchanged in va
36、lue during the operation of the system, measured under static conditions 3.12 dynamic error error caused by dynamic influences acting on the system, such as vibration, roll, pitch or linear acceleration NOTE This error may have an amplitude and usually a frequency related to the environmental influe
37、nces and the parameters of the system itself. 4 Performance requirements 4.1 Functionality Geomagnetic principles of THDs detect the horizontal component of the geomagnetic field, and generates a ships true heading signal for other devices. In one type of sensor which utilizes a magnetic compass, th
38、e performances and requirements of the compass shall conform to the ones referred to ISO 449, and the other type of sensor shall fulfil the performance requirements concerning the marine electromagnetic compasses in ISO 11606. 4.2 Information 4.2.1 All displays with the exception of the sensor, and
39、all outputs of heading, shall indicate true heading. 4.2.2 Manually entered values used for electronic correction shall be indicated by adequate means. ISO 22090-2:2004(E) 4 ISO 2004 All rights reserved 4.3 Fore-and-aft mark On the bottom part of the binnacle and/or the housing of the sensor system,
40、 a fore-and-aft mark shall be inscribed to facilitate installation in the fore-and-aft line of the ship. The units shall be installed on the fore-and- aft line of the ship. In magnetic-compass-type THDs, it shall be in the vertical plane passing through the centre of the compass card and the main lu
41、bber mark to within 0,5. 4.4 Heading information The THD shall provide true heading information to the other navigational equipment. At least one output shall be in accordance with the relevant international marine interface standard: IEC 61162 series as amended. 4.5 Electrical wiring Electrical wir
42、ing, such as that for the direct-current power supply and that for connecting the units, shall not produce any perceptible errors in the heading information. 4.6 Non-magnetic housing The housing of the magnetic sensor system shall be non-magnetic. 4.7 Alarm signal An alarm shall be provided to indic
43、ate malfunctions of the THD or a failure of the power supply. An alarm output shall be provided for any alarm conditions. 5 Accuracy 5.1 General The THD shall meet at least the following accuracy at the output of the device under sea conditions as specified in IMO Resolution A.424(XI) or A.821(19) a
44、s applicable. 5.2 Accuracy of transmission data The transmission error, including the resolution error, shall be less than 0,2. 5.3 Static error (settle point error) The static errors shall be less than 1,0 (95 %). 5.4 Dynamic error The dynamic error amplitude shall be less than 1,5 (95 %). The dyna
45、mic error frequency for test shall be less than 0,033 Hz equivalent to a period not shorter than 30 s if the amplitude of the dynamic error exceeds 0,5. -,-,- ISO 22090-2:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 5 5.5 Follow-up error The follow-up error for the rates of turn shall be less than 0,5 up to
46、 a rate of 10/s; and less than 1,5 at a rate of between 10/s and 20/s. 5.6 Settling time requirements to the directional system In magnetic-compass-type sensors, the directional system shall always settle in the original direction. Following an initial deflection of the card of 90 from the magnetic
47、meridian, the time taken to return finally to within 1 of the magnetic meridian, shall not exceed 57600/Hs at a temperature of 20 C 3 C, where H is the horizontal component of the magnetic flux density in microteslas (T) at the place of testing. 5.7 Correcting the magnetic heading for magnetic varia
48、tions In order to get true headings, correcting the magnetic heading for magnetic variations shall be carried out within the errors of 0,5. The means of correcting magnetic variation may be either automatic, or manual then automatic. The values used for electronic compensation should be indicated by adequate means and shall be stored such that values are automatically recovered when switching on. 5.8 Adjusting of magnetic deviations and heeling error It shall be possible to adjust the coefficients A, B, C, D so that the residual value of each coefficient is less than 1. 5.8.1 Check by bearing