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1、 Reference number ISO 22718:2006(E) ISO 2006 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22718 First edition 2006-02-01 Cosmetics Microbiology Detection of Staphylococcus aureus Cosmtiques Microbiologie Dtection de Staphylococcus aureus Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under l
2、icense with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 02:09:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 22718:2006(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this
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5、 that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2006 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized
6、 in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41
7、 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2006 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 02:09:54 MDTNo repr
8、oduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 22718:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Principle. 2 5 Diluents and culture media 2 5.1 General. 2 5.2 Diluent for th
9、e bacterial suspension (tryptone sodium chloride solution). 3 5.3 Culture media 3 6 Apparatus and glassware 6 7 Strains of microorganisms 6 8 Handling of cosmetic products and laboratory samples . 6 9 Procedure 7 9.1 General recommendation 7 9.2 Preparation of the initial suspension in the enrichmen
10、t broth 7 9.3 Incubation of the inoculated enrichment broth. 7 9.4 Detection and Identification of Staphylococcus aureus. 7 10 Expression of the results (detection of Staphylococcus aureus) . 8 11 Neutralization of the antimicrobial properties of the product 9 11.1 General. 9 11.2 Preparation of ino
11、culum 9 11.3 Validation of the detection method. 9 12 Test report . 10 Annex A (informative) Other media 11 Annex B (informative) Neutralizers of antimicrobial activity of preservatives and rinsing liquids. 14 Bibliography. 15 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS
12、under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 02:09:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 22718:2006(E) iv ISO 2006 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a
13、 worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represente
14、d on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are draf
15、ted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Sta
16、ndard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 22718 was prepared
17、by Technical Committee ISO/TC 217, Cosmetics. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 02:09:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- I
18、SO 22718:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved v Introduction Microbiological examinations of cosmetic products shall be carried out according to an appropriate microbiological risk analysis in order to ensure their quality and safety for consumers. Microbiological risk analysis depends on several pa
19、rameters such as: potential alteration of cosmetic products; pathogenicity of micro-organisms; site of application of the cosmetic product (hair, skin, eyes, mucous membranes, etc.); type of users (adults, children under 3 years). For cosmetics and other topical products, the detection of skin patho
20、gens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans may be relevant. The detection of other kinds of micro-organism might be of interest since these micro-organisms (including indicators of faecal contamination e.g. Escherichia coli) suggest hygienic failure during manufa
21、cturing process. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 02:09:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright International Organi
22、zation for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 02:09:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22718:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved 1 Cosme
23、tics Microbiology Detection of Staphylococcus aureus 1 Scope This International Standard gives general guidelines for the detection and identification of the specified micro-organism Staphylococcus aureus in cosmetic products. Micro-organisms considered as specified in this International Standard mi
24、ght differ from country to country according to national practices or regulations. In order to ensure product quality and safety for consumers, it is advisable to perform an appropriate microbiological risk analysis to determine the types of cosmetic product to which this International Standard is a
25、pplicable. Products considered to present a low microbiological risk include those with low water activity, hydro-alcoholic products, extreme pH values, etc. The method described in this International Standard is based on the detection of Staphylococcus aureus in a non-selective liquid medium (enric
26、hment broth), followed by isolation on a selective agar medium. Other methods may be appropriate dependent on the level of detection required. NOTE For the detection of Staphylococcus aureus, subcultures can be performed on non-selective culture media followed by suitable identification steps (e.g.
27、using identification kits). Because of the large variety of cosmetic products within this field of application, this method may not be appropriate for some products in every detail (e.g. certain water immiscible products). Other International Standards (ISO 18415 10) may be appropriate. Other method
28、s (e.g. automated) may be substituted for the tests presented here provided that their equivalence has been demonstrated or the method has been otherwise validated. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
29、 only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 21148:2005, Cosmetics Microbiology General instructions for microbiological examination EN 12353, Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics Preservation of micr
30、obial strains used for the determination of bactericidal and fungicidal activity 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 product portion of an identified cosmetic product received in the laboratory for testing 3.2 sample portion of th
31、e product (at least 1 g or 1 ml) that is used in the test to prepare the initial suspension Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 02:09:54 MDTNo reproduction or network
32、ing permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 22718:2006(E) 2 ISO 2006 All rights reserved 3.3 initial suspension suspension (or solution) of the sample in a defined volume of an appropriate enrichment broth 3.4 sample dilution(s) dilution(s) of the initial suspension 3.5 specified micro-organism
33、 aerobic mesophilic bacteria or yeast that is undesirable in a cosmetic product and is recognized as a skin pathogen species that may be harmful for human health or as indication of hygienic failure in the manufacturing process 3.6 Staphylococcus aureus Gram-positive cocci, mainly joined in grape-li
34、ke clusters, smooth colonies generally pigmented in yellow NOTE 1 The main characteristics for identification are: growth on specific selective medium, catalase positive, coagulase positive. NOTE 2 Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen bacterium for humans that can be also present on th
35、e skin of healthy people without causing disorder for them. It is undesirable in cosmetic products due to its potential pathogenicity. 3.7 enrichment broth non-selective liquid medium containing suitable neutralizers and/or dispersing agents and validated for the product under test 4 Principle The f
36、irst step of the procedure is to perform an enrichment by using a non-selective broth medium to increase the number of micro-organisms without the risk of inhibition by the selective ingredients that are present in selective/differential growth media. The second step (isolation) of the test is perfo
37、rmed on a selective medium followed by identification tests. The possible inhibition of microbial growth by the sample shall be neutralized to allow the detection of viable micro-organisms 1. In all cases and whatever the methodology, the neutralization of the antimicrobial properties of the product
38、 shall be checked and validated 2, 3, 4. 5 Diluents and culture media 5.1 General General instructions are given in ISO 21148. When water is mentioned in this document, use distilled water or purified water as specified in ISO 21148. The enrichment broth is used to disperse the sample and to increas
39、e the initial microbial population. It may contain neutralizers if the specimen to be tested has antimicrobial properties. The efficacy of the neutralization shall be demonstrated (see Clause 11). Information relative to suitable neutralizers is given in Annex B. The following enrichment broth is su
40、itable for checking the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in accordance with this International Standard provided that it is validated in accordance with Clause 11. Other diluents and culture media may be used if they can be demonstrated to be suitable for use. Copyright International Organization f
41、or Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 02:09:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 22718:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved 3 5.2 Diluent for the bacterial suspen
42、sion (tryptone sodium chloride solution) 5.2.1 General The diluent is used for the preparation of bacterial suspension used for the validation procedure (see Clause 11). 5.2.2 Composition tryptone, pancreatic digest of casein 1,0 g sodium chloride 8,5 g water 1 000 ml 5.2.3 Preparation Dissolve the
43、components in water by mixing whilst heating. Dispense into suitable containers. Sterilize in the autoclave at 121 C for 15 min. After sterilization and cooling down, the pH shall be equivalent to 7,0 0,2 when measured at room temperature. 5.3 Culture media 5.3.1 General Culture media may be prepare
44、d using the descriptions provided below or from dehydrated culture media according to the instructions from the manufacturer. The instructions provided by the supplier of the media should be followed. NOTE Ready to use media may be used when their composition and/or growth yields are comparable to t
45、hose of the formulas given herein. 5.3.2 Agar medium for validation (see Clause 11) soybean-casein digest agar medium (SCDA) or tryptic soy agar (TSA) 5.3.2.1 Composition pancreatic digest of casein 15,0 g papaic digest of soybean meal 5,0 g sodium chloride 5,0 g agar 15,0 g water 1 000 ml 5.3.2.2 P
46、reparation Dissolve the components or the dehydrated complete medium in the water by mixing while heating. Dispense the medium into suitable containers. Sterilize in the autoclave at 121 C for 15 min. After sterilization and cooling down, the pH shall be equivalent to 7,3 0,2 when measured at room t
47、emperature. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 02:09:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 22718:2006(E) 4 ISO 2006 All ri
48、ghts reserved 5.3.3 Enrichment broth 5.3.3.1 Eugon LT 100 broth 5.3.3.1.1 General This medium contains ingredients which neutralize inhibitory substances present in the sample: lecithin and polysorbate 80, and dispersing agent: octoxynol 9. 5.3.3.1.2 Composition pancreatic digest of casein 15,0 g papaic digest of soybean meal 5,0 g L-cystine 0,7 g sodium chloride 4,0 g sodium sulfite 0,