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1、 Reference number ISO 17432:2004(E) ISO 2004 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17432 First edition 2004-12-15 Health informatics Messages and communication Web access to DICOM persistent objects Informatique de sant Messages et communication Accs au web pour les objets persistants DICOM Copyright Internati
2、onal Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 22:08:13 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 17432:2004(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedde
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5、e optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2004 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specifi
6、ed, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case
7、 postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2004 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standard
8、s 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 22:08:13 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 17432:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Forewordiv Introduction v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references .1 3 Terms and definitions.2 4 Symbols and abbreviat
9、ed terms2 5 Data communication Requirements3 5.1 Interaction3 5.2 HTTP request.3 5.3 HTTP Response.4 6 Persistent object types.5 6.1 General.5 6.2 Single frame image objects5 6.3 Multi-frame image objects5 6.4 Text objects .6 6.5 Other objects.6 7 Parameters.7 7.1 Parameters available for all DICOM
10、persistent objects 7 7.2 Parameters for DICOM single frame and multi-frame image persistent objects only .9 Annex A (informative) URL/URI transfer syntax13 Annex B (informative) Examples.15 Annex C (informative) Applications16 Annex D (informative) IANA Mapping.17 Copyright International Organizatio
11、n for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 22:08:13 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 17432:2004(E) iv ISO 2004 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International
12、Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been esta
13、blished has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardiza
14、tion. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for votin
15、g. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
16、patent rights. ISO 17432 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 215, Health informatics in liaison with DICOM and is equivalent to DICOM Part 18, Supplement 85. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/997
17、2545001 Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 22:08:13 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 17432:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved v Introduction The DICOM standard is well accepted in the medical imaging area, including radiology, cardiology, pathology, radiotherap
18、y as well as specialities using visible light imaging equipment (e.g. endoscopes, microscopes). The requesters of medical imaging studies and care providers require rapid and reliable access to reports and images. Within computerized environments such access is increasingly based on web technologies
19、. Access to relevant DICOM persistent objects is required without the need for duplication of such data objects. Clinicians need to have access either to the original data in native DICOM format that allows extensive manipulation using specialized software which makes use of the detailed DICOM meta-
20、data, or rendered into a generic format (e.g. JPEG, PDF) that can be presented with off-the-shelf applications. This International Standard specifies the means whereby a request for access to a DICOM persistent object is to be expressed as an HTTP URL/URI (see IETF RFC2396) request which includes a
21、pointer to a specific DICOM persistent object in the form of its instance UID. The request also specifies the format of the result to be returned in response to the request. Examples include: a) (MIME) content-type (e.g. application/dicom or image/jpeg for images, application/dicom or application/rt
22、f or xml for reports); b) content-encodings; c) reports as HL7/CDA Level 1. The parameters of the query URL as defined within this International Standard are sufficient for the HTTP server to act as a DICOM SCU (Service Class User) to retrieve the requested object from an appropriate DICOM SCP (Serv
23、ice Class Provider) using baseline DICOM functionality as defined in DICOM PS 3.4 and DICOM PS 3.7. Specifications of requirements for additional DICOM persistent objects and formats for the responses from the server will be produced in the future as required. Copyright International Organization fo
24、r Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 22:08:13 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license
25、 with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 22:08:13 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17432:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 1 Health informatics Messages and communication Web access to D
26、ICOM persistent objects 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a web-based service for accessing and presenting DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) persistent objects (e.g. images, medical imaging reports). This is intended for distribution of results and images to healthca
27、re professionals. It provides a simple mechanism for accessing a DICOM persistent object from HTML pages or XML documents, through HTTP/HTTPs protocol, using DICOM UIDs (Unique Identifiers). Data may be retrieved either in a presentation-ready form as specified by the requester (e.g. JPEG or GIF) or
28、 in a native DICOM format. This International Standard does not support facilities for web searching of DICOM images. It relates only to DICOM persistent objects (not to other DICOM objects or to non-DICOM objects). Access control beyond the security mechanisms generally available to web application
29、s is outside the scope of this International Standard. NOTE Systems claiming conformance to this International Standard shall function in accordance with all its mandatory clauses. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For d
30、ated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC 10918-2:1995, Information technology Digital compression and coding of continuous-tone still images: Compliance testing DICOM PS 3.3, Dig
31、ital Imaging and Communications in Medicine, Information Object Definitions DICOM PS 3.4, Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine, Service Class Specifications DICOM PS 3.5, Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine, Data Structures and Encoding DICOM PS 3.6, Digital Imaging and Communic
32、ations in Medicine, Data Dictionary DICOM PS 3.7, Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine, Message Exchange DICOM PS 3.10, Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine, Media Storage and File Format for Data Interchange DICOM PS 3.11, Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine, Media St
33、orage Application Profiles DICOM PS 3.14, Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine, Grayscale Standard Display Function DICOM PS 3.15, Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine, Security Profiles HL7 CDA, Health Level Seven, Clinical Document Architecture (CDA) Copyright International Org
34、anization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 22:08:13 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 17432:2004(E) 2 ISO 2004 All rights reserved IETF RFC2045 et seq., MIM
35、E Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension IETF RFC2396, Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax IETF RFC2616, Hypertext Transfer Protocol HTTP/1.1 IETF RFC3240, Application/dicom MIME Sub-type Registration 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and def
36、initions apply. 3.1 DICOM persistent object instance of a data object as defined by DICOM PS 3.3, which has been allocated a unique identifier in the format specified for SOP Instance UID in DICOM PS 3.3 and has been chosen as an object to be saved securely for some period of time NOTE Within the DI
37、COM Standard, a DICOM Persistent Object is referred to as a Composite Service Object Pair (SOP) Instance. 3.2 web client system system using internet technologies (web, e-mail) interested in retrieving DICOM persistent objects from a web enabled DICOM server, through HTTP/HTTPs protocol 3.3 web enab
38、led DICOM server system managing DICOM persistent objects and able to transmit them on request to the web client system 3.4 web access to DICOM persistent objects service enabling the web client system to retrieve DICOM persistent objects managed by a web enabled DICOM server, through HTTP/HTTPs pro
39、tocol 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms DICOM Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine HL7 Health Level Seven HTML HyperText Markup Language HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol HTTPs HyperText Transfer Protocol, secured MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions SOP Service Object Pair UID Unique (
40、DICOM) Identifier URL/URI Uniform Resource Locator/Identifier XML eXtensible Markup Language Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 22:08:13 MDTNo reproduction or networ
41、king permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 17432:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 3 5 Data communication requirements 5.1 Interaction The interaction shall be as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 Interaction diagram 5.2 HTTP request 5.2.1 Method The HTTP request shall use the GET method as defi
42、ned in IETF RFC2616. 5.2.2 Parameters of the HTTP request The parameters of the component of the request-URI to be sent to the web server through the HTTP GET method request shall be represented as defined in IETF RFC2396. NOTE 1 Other components of the request-URI depend on the configuration, e.g.
43、location and script language of the web enabled DICOM server. NOTE 2 The means by which the web client system obtains the value of the necessary parameters for web accessing of DICOM objects is out of the scope of this International Standard. 5.2.3 List of media types supported in the response The “
44、Accept” field of the GET method request shall specify the media type(s) acceptable to the web client system. The(se) media type(s) shall include at least the items of the list of MIME (see IETF RFC2045) types specified in Clause 6 devoted to the DICOM persistent object types. NOTE Typically the “Acc
45、ept” field will be sent by a web client as “*/*”. An optional parameter specifies the MIME type(s) preferred by the web client, as a subset of those specified in the “Accept” field. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technica
46、l Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 22:08:13 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 17432:2004(E) 4 ISO 2004 All rights reserved 5.2.4 List of character sets supported in the response The “Accept-charset” field of the GET method request shall sp
47、ecify the character set of the object to be retrieved. If the “Accept-charset” field of the GET method is not present, or the web enabled DICOM server does not support the specified character set, the character set of the response will be at the discretion of the web enabled DICOM server. NOTE Typic
48、ally, the user of a web client does not have control over the “Accept-charset” field. An optional parameter specifies the character set to be used in the returned object. 5.3 HTTP Response 5.3.1 General The response shall be an HTTP response message as specified in IETF RFC2616. NOTE The content of the message-body varies according to the MEDIA type as defined in 5.3.2.2 and 5.3.4.2. 5.3.2 Body of single DICOM MIME sub-type part response