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1、 Reference number ISO 14324:2003(E) ISO 2003 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14324 First edition 2003-07-01 Resistance spot welding Destructive tests of welds Method for the fatigue testing of spot welded joints Soudage par rsistance Essais destructifs des soudures Mthode pour les essais de fatigue sur a
2、ssemblages souds par points Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 01:23:36 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 14324:2003(E) P
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6、3 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the coun
7、try of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2003 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under li
8、cense with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 01:23:36 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 14324:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Forewordiv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references .1 3 Terms and defin
9、itions.1 4 Test specimens .3 4.1 Shape and dimensions.3 4.2 Test sheets 5 4.3 Fabrication of test specimen .5 5 Testing machine5 6 Test methods.5 6.1 Test jig5 6.2 Clamping of test specimens 5 6.3 Test procedure 8 6.4 Termination of test8 6.5 Determination of L-N data.9 7 Analysis and presentation o
10、f test results.10 8 Test report10 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 01:23:36 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 14324:200
11、3(E) iv ISO 2003 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body
12、interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotech
13、nical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by t
14、he technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent right
15、s. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 14324 was prepared in collaboration with the International Institute of Welding which has been approved by the ISO Council as an international standardizing body in the field of welding. Co
16、pyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 01:23:36 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14324:2003(E) ISO 2003
17、 All rights reserved 1 Resistance spot welding Destructive tests of welds Method for the fatigue testing of spot welded joints 1 Scope This International Standard specifies test specimens and procedures for fatigue testing spot welds, at ambient conditions, under repeated tensile loading to produce
18、either shear or cross-tension loading of the spot weld, in steel of sheet thicknesses of 0,5 mm to 6 mm. The test results are not, in general, directly applicable to the fatigue behaviour of a spot-welded component or structure. This procedure can be used for other materials provided proper test con
19、ditions (e.g., heating) have been determined. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any a
20、mendments) applies. ISO 669, Resistance welding Resistance welding equipment Mechanical and electrical requirements ISO 14271, Vickers hardness testing of resistance spot, projection and seam welds (low load and microhardness) ISO 14272, Specimen dimensions and procedure for cross tension testing re
21、sistance spot and embossed projection welds ISO 14273, Specimen dimensions and procedure for shear testing resistance spot, seam and embossed projection welds ISO 14329, Resistance welding Destructive tests of welds Failure types and geometric measurements for resistance spot, seam and projection we
22、lds 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 cross-tension fatigue test fatigue test that entails the application of a repeated tensile load to the cross-tension fatigue test specimen mounted between the jaws of the fatigue-testing mac
23、hine 3.2 endurance limit maximum load range at which the test specimen can endure a designated number of load cycles without failing 3.3 fatigue life N number of cycles that can be applied at a specified load before failure occurs Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by
24、IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 01:23:36 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 14324:2003(E) 2 ISO 2003 All rights reserved 3.4 fatigue limit1) maximum load range at which the test specimen c
25、an endure an infinite number of load cycles 3.5 L-N curve1) curve drawn by plotting the load range as ordinate and the fatigue life (or fatigue endurance if the test is terminated before failure) as abscissa, also called the load range-number of load cycles curve NOTE It is normal practice to use lo
26、garithmic axes. 3.6 load amplitude La half of the load range La = 0,5L 3.7 load ratio R minimum load divided by the maximum load R = Lmin/Lmax 3.8 load range L difference between the maximum and minimum loads L = Lmax Lmin 3.9 maximum load Lmax highest algebraic value of the repeated load 3.10 mean
27、load Lm average of the maximum and minimum loads Lm = 0,5(Lmax + Lmin) 3.11 minimum load Lmin lowest algebraic value of the repeated load 3.12 repeated load L load varying simply and periodically between constant maximum and minimum values 1) Since test results are usually scattered, it may be neces
28、sary to establish the L-N curve and the fatigue limit using statistics. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 01:23:36 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted withou
29、t license from IHS -,-,- ISO 14324:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 3 3.13 shear fatigue test fatigue test that entails the application of a repeated tensile load (hereafter called the load) to the shear fatigue test specimen mounted between clamping jaws of the fatigue-testing machine 3.14 test
30、 sheets metal sheets for spot welding 3.15 test specimen spot welded test sheets 4 Test specimens 4.1 Shape and dimensions 4.1.1 Shear fatigue test Specimen width b, overlap a, and free length between clamps lf of the test plates and test specimen used in the shear fatigue test shall be as shown in
31、Figure 1 and Table 1. For joints between plates of different thickness, the dimensions given refer to the thinner plate. Shim plates of appropriate thickness should be used to centre the load. Key 1 shim plate NOTE Clamping length lc should exceed specimen width b. a Spot weld Figure 1 Design of she
32、ar fatigue test specimen (t1 u t2) Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 01:23:36 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 14324:20
33、03(E) 4 ISO 2003 All rights reserved Table 1 Dimensions of shear fatigue test specimens Dimensions in millimetres Thickness Specimen width Overlap Free length between clamps t1 b a lf 0,5 u t1 u 1,5 45 0,5 35 160 1,5 3,2 mm and u 6 mm, in either type of specimen. 4.3.2 In order to prevent bending of
34、 the shear fatigue test specimen when clamping it to the testing machine, either suitable shim plates or offset clamps should be used. The distance between the end of each shim plate and the centre of the spot weld shall be one-half of the value lf given in Table 1. 5 Testing machine The testing mac
35、hine shall have the following capabilities: a) the clamping jaws of the testing machine shall be capable of securely holding the test specimen or the jig so that it does not slip during testing; moreover, any discrepancy between the centre lines of the jaws shall be minimized; b) it shall be capable
36、 of sufficiently withstanding the maximum load used and of keeping to the accuracy prescribed in f) for the test duration; c) the testing arrangement should be such that the development of fatigue cracking in either side of the specimen can be monitored visually or by using suitable equipment; d) te
37、sting machines with load or displacement control shall be capable of indicating or recording either the mean load and the load range, or the maximum load and the minimum load, together with the number of applied load cycles; e) the testing machine shall not automatically restart if stoppages occur d
38、ue to interruption of the electrical supply or other reasons; f) the maximum error in the load shall be either 3 % of the indicated load or 0,5 % of the rated capacity of the testing machine. 6 Test methods 6.1 Test jig The shape and dimensions of a jig used in the cross-tension test are shown in Fi
39、gure 3. The chamfered side of the clamping plates shall be positioned on the spot welded side of the test specimen. 6.2 Clamping of test specimens At the time of clamping the test specimen, the loading axis of the testing machine and the centre line of the test specimen should coincide. Also, the te
40、st specimen shall be firmly mounted in the testing machine, so that it does not loosen during the test. However, the method of clamping shall not impose appreciable forces on the spot weld in the test specimen. When clamping the test specimen, shim plates shall be used to avoid misalignment of the t
41、est specimen as shown in Figures 1 and 4. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 01:23:36 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 1
42、4324:2003(E) 6 ISO 2003 All rights reserved Dimensions in millimetres a) Fitting part for fatigue test machine main body (2 pieces) b) Clamping plate (4 pieces) Figure 3 Shapes and dimensions of a jig used in cross-tension fatigue test Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provide
43、d by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 01:23:36 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 14324:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 7 a) undesired oscillation b) acceptable S-type oscillation Key
44、1 low friction surface 2 guide 3 transverse oscillations 4 shim plates Figure 4 Unacceptable and acceptable types of transverse oscillations arising during fatigue testing of spot welds in thin sheet Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Lice
45、nsee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 01:23:36 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 14324:2003(E) 8 ISO 2003 All rights reserved 6.3 Test procedure 6.3.1 When commencing the test, the specified load range should be reached as q
46、uickly as possible. During this time, the load should not exceed the specified maximum load. 6.3.2 During the test, the maximum load and the minimum load shall be maintained constant. 6.3.3 Transverse oscillations can occur when testing lap welded specimens in thin sheet. Care shall be taken to ensu
47、re that if such oscillations do occur, they are only of the S-type (see Figure 4), so that the spot weld is at the oscillation node. This can be achieved by use of a suitable guide to prevent out-of-plane deflections, as shown in Figure 4. The material and design of the guide shall be such that no d
48、amage to the spot weld occurs. 6.3.4 Ideally, the test shall be conducted without interruption. However, if for any reason a test is stopped, records shall be kept of the endurance when the test stopped and the period of time before testing resumed. 6.4 Termination of test The test shall be terminated when: a) the specimen fails; failure is defined as the development o