《ISO-4957-1999.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《ISO-4957-1999.pdf（38页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、Reference number ISO 4957:1999(E) ISO 1999 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4957 Second edition 1999-12-15 Tool steels Aciers outils ISO 4957:1999(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be
2、 edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is
3、 a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO membe
4、r bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 1999 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mec
5、hanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 ? CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 734 10 79 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.
6、iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO 1999 All rights reserved ISO 4957:1999(E) ISO 1999 All rights reservediii Contents 1Scope 1 2Normative references1 3Terms and definitions .2 4Requirements.3 5Inspection, testing and conformance of products.4 6Marking.5 7Ordering and designation.5 Annex A (informa
7、tive) Hardness-tempering temperature-curves 18 Annex B (normative) Supplementary or special requirements28 Annex C (informative) Designations of comparable steels.30 Bibliography32 ISO 4957:1999(E) iv ISO 1999 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a
8、 worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represente
9、d on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are draf
10、ted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
11、 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 4957 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 17,Steel, S
12、ubcommittee SC 4, Heat treatable and alloy steels. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4957:1980) which has been technically revised. Annex B forms a normative part of this International Standard, annexes A and C are for information only. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO 4957:19
13、99(E) ISO 1999 All rights reserved1 Tool steels 1Scope 1.1This International Standard covers the following grades of wrought tool steels: a)non-alloy cold-work tool steels; b)alloy cold-work tool steels; c)alloy hot-work tool steels; d)high-speed tool steels. If not stated otherwise, this Internatio
14、nal Standard applies to all types of hot-rolled, forged, cold-drawn or cold-rolled products which are supplied in one of the surface and heat-treatment conditions given in 4.1.2 and Table 1. Products according to this International Standard may be produced by powder metallurgy. NOTE 1The Tables 2, 4
15、, 6 and 8 cover only those steels which have gained certain international importance, which does not mean however, that they are available in all industrial countries. In addition, a number of other steels for tools are specified in regional, national or company standards. NOTE 2Where the heat resis
16、tance of the tools is of particular importance, as for example in the case of tools for hot forming glass, the material selection should be based on ISO 4955 or ISO 9722. 1.2In addition to this International Standard, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable. 2Normative
17、references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based o
18、n this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currentl
19、y valid International Standards. ISO 377:1997,Steel and steel products Location and preparation of samples and test pieces for mechanical testing. ISO 404:1992,Steel and steel products General technical delivery requirements. ISO 1035-1:1980,Hot-rolled steel bars Part 1: Dimensions of round bars. IS
20、O 1035-3:1980,Hot-rolled steel bars Part 3: Dimensions of flat bars. ISO 1035-4:1982,Hot-rolled steel bars Part 4: Tolerances. -,-,- ISO 4957:1999(E) 2 ISO 1999 All rights reserved ISO 4948-1:1982,Steels Classification Part 1: Classification of steels into unalloyed and alloy steels based on chemica
21、l composition. ISO 6506:19811),Metallic materials Hardness test Brinell test. ISO 6508:19862),Metallic materials Hardness test Rockwell test (scales A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - K). ISO 6929:1987,Steel products Definitions and classification. ISO/TR 9769:1991,Steel and iron Review of available me
22、thods of analysis. ISO 10474:1991,Steel and steel products Inspection documents. ISO 14284:1996,Steel and iron Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical composition. 3Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the terms and definitions given in
23、 ISO 4948-1 and ISO 6829 as well as the following apply. 3.1 product forms ISO 6929 3.2 unalloyed and alloyed steel ISO 4948-1 3.3 tool steels special steels suitable for working or processing of materials, for handling and measuring workpieces and, for this purpose, exhibiting high hardness and wea
24、r resistance and/or toughness 3.3.1 cold-work tool steels non-alloy or alloy tool steels for applications in which the surface temperature is generally below 200 C 3.3.2 hot-work tool steels alloy tool steels for applications in which the surface temperature is generally over 200 C 3.3.3 high-speed
25、tool steels steels used mainly for machining and for forming processes and which, because of their chemical composition, have the highest high-temperature hardness and temper resistance up to about 600 C 1)To be replaced by ISO 6506-1, ISO 6506-2 and ISO 6506-3. 2)To be replaced by ISO 6508-1, ISO 6
26、508-2 and ISO 6508-3. ISO 4957:1999(E) ISO 1999 All rights reserved3 4Requirements 4.1Manufacturing process 4.1.1General The manufacturing process of the steel and the products is left to the discretion of the manufacturer, with the restrictions given in 4.1.2. When he so requests, the purchaser sha
27、ll be informed what steel making process is being used. 4.1.2Heat-treatment condition and surface condition on delivery The heat-treatment and surface conditions of the products shall comply with the agreements when ordering. 4.1.2.1Heat-treatment condition The heat-treatment conditions are given in
28、 Table 1. Unless otherwise specified in the order, the tool steels (except C45U, Table 2, 35CrMo7, X38CrMo16 and 40CrMnNiMo8-6-4, Table 4, 55NiCrMoV7, Table 6) are delivered in the annealed condition. 4.1.2.2Surface condition Usual surface conditions are: a)the hot-rolled or forged condition ( = as
29、hot worked); b)the machined (ground, polished, turned, peeled or milled) condition; c)the cold-reduced condition. 4.2Chemical composition and mechanical properties 4.2.1Table 1 gives a survey of combinations of usual heat-treatment conditions at delivery and requirements according to Tables 2 to 9 (
30、chemical composition, hardness). 4.2.2For hardness-tempering temperature-curves of the steels see annex A. 4.2.3For hardness penetration depth of non-alloy cold-work tool steels, see Table 2, footnote d. 4.3Surface quality 4.3.1All products shall have a workmanlike finish and shall be clean and free
31、 from surface imperfections likely to have an adverse effect on their processing or designated application. 4.3.2Ground, polished or finished-machined products shall be free from surface imperfections and surface decarburization. 4.3.3Hot-rolled, forged, cold-drawn or rough-machined products shall b
32、e ordered with sufficient material to be removed from all surfaces by machining or grinding to allow for a)surface decarburization and b)surface imperfections. -,-,- ISO 4957:1999(E) 4 ISO 1999 All rights reserved As long as no International Standard for the machining allowances of tool steels is av
33、ailable, the allowances shall be agreed at the time of enquiry and order. 4.4Shape, dimensions and tolerances The shape, dimensions and tolerances of the products shall comply with the requirements agreed upon at the time of enquiry and order. The agreements shall, as far as possible, be based on co
34、rresponding International Standards or otherwise, on suitable national standards. For rolled flat and round bars, the following International Standards cover dimensions and/or tolerances for products included in this International Standard: ISO 1035-1, ISO 1035-3 and ISO 1035-4. NOTEBy agreement, th
35、e tolerances can be all plus or other disposition than equal plus/minus. 5Inspection, testing and conformance of products 5.1Inspection and testing procedures and types of inspection documents 5.1.1For each delivery, the issue of any inspection document in accordance with ISO 10474 may be agreed upo
36、n at the time of enquiry and order. 5.1.2If, in accordance with the agreements made at the time of enquiry and order, a test report is to be provided, this shall cover: a)the statement that the material complies with the requirements of the order; b)the results of the cast analysis for all elements
37、specified for the type of steel supplied. 5.1.3If, in accordance with the agreements in the order, an inspection certificate 3.1.A, 3.1.B or 3.1.C or an inspection report 3.2 (see ISO 10474) is to be provided, the specific inspections and tests described in 5.2 shall be carried out and their results
38、 shall be certified in the document. In addition the document shall cover a)the results of the cast analysis provided by the manufacturer for all elements specified for the steel type concerned; b)the results of all inspections and tests ordered by supplementary requirements (see annex B); c)the sym
39、bol letters of numbers connecting the inspection documents, the test pieces and products to each other. 5.2Specific inspection and testing 5.2.1Number of sample products 5.2.1.1Chemical composition The cast analysis is given by the manufacturer. For product analysis see B.2 in annex B. 5.2.1.2Mechan
40、ical properties One sample product per test unit shall be tested. 5.2.1.2.1For material delivered in the annealed or annealed and cold rolled or annealed and cold drawn condition, the test unit shall consist of products from the same cast and the same heat-treatment batch. ISO 4957:1999(E) ISO 1999
41、All rights reserved5 In the case of material heat treated in a continuous furnace, a heat-treatment batch is regarded as that quantity of products (of the same cast and dimensions) which without any interruptions, was under constant treatment conditions (same furnace temperature, atmosphere and tran
42、sportation speed) through the furnace. 5.2.1.2.2For material delivered in the quenched and tempered condition, the test unit shall consist of products from the same cast, heat-treatment and thickness. However, if the manufacturer verifies that the thickness has no significant effect on the hardness
43、in the quenched and tempered condition, then different thicknesses may be covered in a test unit. 5.2.1.3Inspection of the surface quality Unless otherwise agreed when ordering (see B.5), the number of products to be inspected for surface quality is left to the discretion of the inspector. 5.2.1.4Di
44、mensional inspection Unless otherwise agreed when ordering (see B.6) the number of products to be inspected for their shape and dimensions is left to the discretion of the inspector. 5.2.2Sampling 5.2.2.1The general conditions for selection and preparation of samples and test pieces shall be in acco
45、rdance with ISO 377 and ISO 14284. 5.2.2.2For the Brinell hardness test the surface of the sample product or of a test piece taken from the sample product in the delivery condition shall be prepared in accordance with the requirements of ISO 6506. 5.2.3Test methods 5.2.3.1The Brinell hardness test s
46、hall be made in accordance with ISO 6506. 5.2.3.2Unless otherwise agreed (see B.5), the surface quality shall be inspected visually. 5.2.4Retests For retests, ISO 404 shall apply. 6Marking The manufacturer shall mark the products or the bundles or boxes containing the products in a suitable way, so
47、that the identification of the cast, the steel type and the origin of the delivery is possible (see B.8). 7Ordering and designation The designation of the product in an order shall cover the following: a)The quantity to be delivered. b)The designation of the product form (e.g. bar) followed by 1)eit
48、her the designation of the dimensional standard and the dimensions and tolerances selected from it (see 4.4) or 2)the designation of any other document covering the dimensions and tolerances required for the product. ISO 4957:1999(E) 6 ISO 1999 All rights reserved c)If a surface condition other than
49、 “hot worked“ or a special surface quality is required 1)the surface condition (see 4.1.2.2); 2)the surface quality (see 4.3). d)A description of the steel comprising 1)the reference to this International Standard; 2)the designation of the steel type (see Tables 2, 4, 6 and 8); 3)the symbol for the heat-treatment condition on delivery (see Table 1) and, if the products are to be delivered in the quenched and tempered condition, the