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1、IS0 b 93 4853903 05273q2 466 I NT ER NAT I O NAL STANDARD IS0 6 Second edition 1993-02-01 Photography - Black-and-white pictorial still camera negative film/process systems - Determination of IS0 speed Photographie - Systmes filmltraitement ngatifs noir et blanc pour photographie picturale - Dtermin
2、ation de la sensibilit IS0 Reference number IS0 6:1993(E) Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/24/2007 23:32:12 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from
3、 IHS -,-,- IS0 b 93 M 485LS03 0527143 3T2 IS0 6:1993(E) Foreword IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical committees
4、. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0 collaborates closely with the Intern
5、ational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on ali matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bo
6、dies casting a vote. International Standard IS0 6 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 42, Photography. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (is0 6:1974). The primary change is to eliminate the restriction that the IS0 speed of all black-and-white films be determined in a
7、 specified developer and fixing bath. It also updates references, procedures and the format in accordance with more recent speed standards for other film types. Annexes A and B of this International Standard are for information only. 0 IS0 1993 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
8、 reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without per- mission in writing from the publisher. International Organization for Standardization Case Postale 56 CH-I 21 1 Genve 20 Switzerland Printed in Switzerland ii Copyright I
9、nternational Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/24/2007 23:32:12 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 b 93 Y853903 0527344 239 IS0 6:1993(E) Introduction Bl
10、ack-and-white films will generally provide excellent results in several different developers and processing conditions. At the same time, it is realized that the speed of a film depends on the process used. Therefore, this International Standard specifies a method for determining the photo- graphic
11、speed of film/process combinations. This means a particular film may have several IS0 speeds associated with it depending on the pro- cesses used. For this reason, it is important that manufacturers indicate the processing conditions for which IS0 speed values are quoted. This International Standard
12、 recognizes that black-and-white films do not generally have a unique speed if several different processes are rec- ommended. This conflicts with the tradition of associating a specific speed value with a particular product. In the future, the process used for deter- mining speed values should be un
13、equivocally described to avoid misinter- pretation. Since users often do not know how these films will be processed, manufacturers have an obligation to provide a speed value for this situation which will ensure good results. Usually they will take ad- vantage of the overexposure tonal latitude of t
14、he film and give it a con- servative speed value to protect users from underexposure effects in case the film is put through a process which yields low speed. It is recognized that the speed at which a film can be exposed is de- pendent on the extent of development, scene luminance range, subject ma
15、tter, printing paper, etc. This International Standard specifies that film/process speed is determined when the film is processed to obtain a specified contrast level. The relative IS0 speed ranking of various films in different process systems will generally differ. The IS0 speeds will pro- vide co
16、rrect exposures for average scenes with exposure meters con- forming to IS0 2720 or IS0 2721 when the film is processed as specified in this International Standard. iii Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1
17、/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/24/2007 23:32:12 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 b 93 W 4853903 0527345 375 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 6:1993(EI Photography - Black-and-white pictorial still camera negative film/process systems - Determination of IS0 spee
18、d 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the method for determining the IS0 speed of black-and-white nega- tive camera films used for pictorial still photography. This International Standard applies to films processed in conventional chemicals and equipment, but also to those processed using
19、special procedures such as those involving activators or heat for development. This International Standard does not apply to motion- picture, aerial photography, graphic arts, radiographic or micrographic applications, nor to negatives prod- uced in diffusion transfer systems. 2 Normative references
20、 The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publi- cation, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Stand
21、ard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most re- cent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of cur- rently valid International Standards. IS0 5-2:1991, Photography - Density measurements - Part 2: Geometric conditions for trans
22、mission density, IS0 5-3:1984, Photography - Density measurements - Part 3: Spectral conditions. IS0 7589:1984, Photography - Illuminants for sensitometry - Specifications for daylight and incan- descent tungsten. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitio
23、ns apply. 3.1 exposure, H: The time integral of illuminance on the film, measured in lux seconds. Amounts of exposure are often expressed in logarith- mic terms (log, 2 5 to - 3,56 - 3,46 - 3,36 - 3,26 -3,16 - 3,06 - 2,96 - 2,86 - 2,76 - 2.66 - 2.56 - 2,46 - 2,36 - 2.26 - 2,16 - 2.06 - 1 . 9 6 - 1,8
24、a - 1,76 - 1,66 - 1,56 - 1,46 - 1,36 - 1 . 2 6 - 1,16 S 3 200 2 500 2 O00 1600 1 250 1 O00 800 640 500 400 320 250 200 160 125 1 O0 80 64 50 40 32 25 20 16 12 s“ 36“ 35“ 34“ 33“ 32“ 31 O 30“ 29“ 28“ 27“ 26“ 25“ 24“ 23“ 22“ 2 1 O 20“ 1 9“ 18“ 17“ 16“ 15“ 14“ 13“ 12“ Since IS0 speed is dependent on th
25、e exposing and processing conditions, these should be indicated when quoting IS0 speed values. 6.3 Accuracy The calibration of the equipment and processes in- volved in determining film speed shall be adequate to ensure that the error in log, H , is less than 0.05. 7 Product marking and labelling Sp
26、eed o f a product, determined in accordance with this International Standard and expressed on the scales of table 1, may be designated IS0 speed and denoted in one of the following forms: a) by its arithmetic speed , e.g. IS0 100; b) by its logarithmic speed, e.g. IS0 21; c) by both its arithmetic a
27、nd its logarithmic speed, e.g. IS0 100/21. However, since the speed is dependent on the illuminant, exposure time and process used, these conditions should be clearly indicated whenever prac- tical when quoting values to avoid misinterpretation. 4 Copyright International Organization for Standardiza
28、tion Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/24/2007 23:32:12 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- _ IS0 b 93 4853903 0527349 810 M I 5 IS0 6:1993(E) Annex A (i n f o r m a t ive) Suggested method o
29、f determining log, H, The value of loglo H, can be determined by plotting loglo H, at a point where the density is 0,lO above base plus fog density, against AD, the difference in density between this point and a point where the base 10 logarithm of the exposure is 1,30 units greater. This is then re
30、peated for a development series. Draw a smooth curve through the points. Determine the loglo H corresponding to AD = 0,80 which is designated log10 H,. 1250 I 1000 I 800 I 640 I 500 I 400; I 320 I 250 I 200 I 260 I I I I -3.25 -3,05 -2.85 -2.65 LogioH Lo910Hrn -2.45 -2,25 Figure A.l - Method of dete
31、rmining loglo H , Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/24/2007 23:32:12 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 b 93 m Li5L03 0527L50 532
32、 m IS0 6:1993(E) Annex B (informative) Bibliography l IS0 5-1:19$4, Photography - Density measurements - Part I: Terms, symbols and notations. Z IS0 554:1976, Standard atmospheres for con- ditioning and/or testing - Specifications. C S IS0 2720:1974, Photography - General pur- pose photographic expo
33、sure meters Iphotoelec- trie type) - Guide to product specification. 6 4 IS0 2721:1982, Photography - Cameras - Automatic controls of exposure. 5 IS0 5800:1987, Photography - Colour negative films for still photography - Determination of IS0 speed. 6 IS0 6846: 1992, Photography - Black-and-white con
34、tinuous-tone papers - Determination of IS0 speed and IS0 range for printing. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/24/2007 23:32:12 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted w
35、ithout license from IHS -,-,- _._ - IS0 b 93 4851903 052715L 479 W IS0 6:1993(E) UDC 771.534.51 Descriptors: photography. black-and-white photography, photographic film, photographic emulsions, tests, determination, sensitivity (photography). Price based on 6 pages Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/24/2007 23:32:12 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,-