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1、A Reference number ISO 4414:1998(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4414 Second edition 1998-08-15 Pneumatic fluid power General rules relating to systems Transmissions pneumatiques Rgles gnrales relatives aux systmes Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license
2、with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007 01:02:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 4414:1998(E) ISO 1998 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or util
3、ized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International Organization for Standardization Case postale 56 CH-1211 Genve 20 Switzerland Internetisoiso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ContentsPage 1Sc
4、ope 1 2Normative references .1 3 Definitions .2 4Requirements .3 4.1 General 3 4.2 Hazards 3 4.3 Safety requirements .3 4.4 System requirements .5 4.5 Site conditions 5 5System design 6 5.1 Circuit diagrams .6 5.2 Identification .7 5.3Installation, use and maintenance 11 5.4Use of standard parts .11
5、 5.5 Seals and sealing devices 11 5.6 Maintenance and operating data 12 5.7Operation and maintenance manuals 12 6Energy conversion components .12 6.1 Air motors and semi-rotary actuators .12 6.2 Cylinders 13 6.3Surge tanks and other auxiliary reservoirs .15 7Valves 16 7.1 Selection 16 7.2Mounting 16
6、 7.3 Manifolds 16 7.4Electrically operated valves 17 7.5 Valve function identity 18 7.6Relief valves .18 7.7Quick exhaust valves .18 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04
7、/05/2007 01:02:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISOISO 4414:1998(E) iii 8Conditioning components 18 8.1Filtration .18 8.2Pressure regulation 19 8.3 Lubrication .19 8.4 Shielding 20 8.5 Air dryers .21 9Piping 21 9.1 General requirements 21 9.2 Pipe and tube
8、 requirements .23 9.3 Support of piping 23 9.4Foreign matter .24 9.5Flexible hose assemblies .24 9.6 Quick-action couplings .25 9.7Removal of piping 25 10Control systems .26 10.1 Unintended movement .26 10.2 System protection 26 10.3 Components 26 10.4 Control systems with servo or proportional valv
9、es .27 10.5 Other design considerations 28 10.6 Location of controls 29 10.7 Emergency controls .30 11Diagnostics and monitoring .30 11.1 Pressure measurement .30 11.2 Electrical supply indicators .31 12Cleaning and painting .31 13Preparation for transportation 31 13.1 Identification of piping 31 13
10、.2 Packaging 31 13.3 Protection of openings .31 14Commissioning 31 14.1 Verification tests 31 14.2 Noise 32 14.3 Fluid leakage .32 14.4 Final data to be provided .32 14.5 Modifications 32 15Identification statement .33 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under li
11、cense with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007 01:02:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 4414:1998(E) ISO iv Annex A (informative) Items requiring supplier/purchaser agreement .34 Annex B (informative) List
12、of hazards 35 Annex C (informative) Cross reference list ISO 4414/EN 983 .37 Annex D (informative) Example of a parts list .41 Annex E (informative) Example of pneumatic system data form .42 Annex F (informative) Bibliography 49 Index 51 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provi
13、ded by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007 01:02:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISOISO 4414:1998(E) v Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
14、federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that c
15、ommittee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by th
16、e technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 4414 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 131, Fluid power systems, Subcommittee SC
17、 9, Installations and systems. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4414:1982), which has been technically revised. Annexes A to F of this International Standard are for information only. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under licens
18、e with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007 01:02:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 4414:1998(E) ISO vi Introduction In pneumatic fluid power systems, power is transmitted and controlled through air or a ne
19、utral gas under pressure within a circuit. The application of pneumatic fluid power systems requires a thorough understanding and precise communication between the supplier and purchaser. This International Standard was prepared to assist that understanding and communication and to document many of
20、the good practices learned from experience with pneumatic systems. Use of this International Standard assists: a)the identification and specification of the requirements for pneumatic systems and components; b)the identification of the respective areas of responsibility; c)the design of systems and
21、their components to comply with specific requirements; d)understanding of the safety requirements of a pneumatic system. General rules given in this International Standard have no legal status except those paragraphs that are included in contractual agreements between purchasers and suppliers. Devia
22、tion from those parts of this International Standard included in contractual agreements shall also be agreed to in writing by the purchaser and supplier. Attention shall be drawn by the purchaser and/or the supplier to applicable national and local codes or laws. General rules which contain the verb
23、 “shall“ are counsels of good engineering practice, universally applicable with rare exceptions. Use of the word “should“ in the document is not an indication of choice but an indication that the desirable engineering practices described may have to be modified due to the peculiarities of certain pr
24、ocesses, environmental conditions, or equipment size. Titles or parts of the text which are marked with an asterisk (*) indicate subclauses that discussion is needed between the supplier and purchaser to define the requirements and/or responsibilities. These are also listed in annex A. Copyright Int
25、ernational Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007 01:02:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISOISO 4414:1998(E) 1 Pneumatic
26、 fluid power General rules relating to systems 1 Scope This International Standard provides general rules relating to pneumatic systems used in industrial manufacturing processes. It is intended as a guide for both suppliers and purchasers, with a view to ensuring: a)safety; b)uninterrupted system o
27、peration; c)ease and economy of maintenance; d)long life of the system. This International Standard does not apply to air compressors and the systems associated with air distribution as typically installed in a factory. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through
28、 reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applyin
29、g the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 65:1981, Carbon steel tubes suitable for screwing in accordance with ISO 7-1. ISO 1219-1:1991, Fluid power systems and components Graphic symbols and
30、 circuit diagrams Part 1: Graphic symbols. ISO 1219-2:1995, Fluid power systems and components Graphic symbols and circuit diagrams Part 2: Circuit diagrams. ISO 5598:1985, Fluid power systems and components Vocabulary. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under l
31、icense with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007 01:02:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 4414:1998(E) ISO 2 ISO 5782-1:1997, Pneumatic fluid power Compressed air filters Part 1: Main characteristics to be i
32、ncluded in suppliers literature and product marking requirements. ISO 6301-1:1997, Pneumatic fluid power Compressed air lubricators Part 1: Main characteristics to be included in suppliers literature and product marking requirements. ISO 6953-1:1990, Pneumatic fluid power Air line pressure regulator
33、s Part 1: Main characteristics to be included in commercial literature and specific requirements. ISO 8778:1990, Pneumatic fluid power Standard reference atmosphere. IEC 204-1:1997, Electrical equipment of industrial machines Part 1: General requirements. IEC 529:1989, Degrees of protection provided
34、 by enclosures (IP code). 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the definitions given in ISO 5598 and the following definitions apply. 3.1 actuator: Component (e.g. motor or cylinder) that transforms fluid energy into mechanical energy. 3.2 commissioning: Procedure by which
35、a system is formally accepted by the purchaser. 3.3 component: Individual unit (e.g. cylinder, motor, valve or filter, but excluding piping) comprising one or more parts designed to be a functional part of a fluid power system. 3.4 control mechanism: Device that provides an input signal to a compone
36、nt (e.g. lever, solenoid). 3.5 emergency control: Control function that brings a system to a safe condition. 3.6 function plate: Surface that contains information describing either the performance of a manually operated device (e.g. on/off, up/down) or the status of a function performed by the syste
37、m (e.g. clamp, lift, advance). 3.7 neutral gas: Gas that has properties similar to air and does not react to the effects of pressure and/or temperature in a manner different to air. 3.8 operating device: Device that provides an input signal to a control mechanism (e.g. cam, electrical switch). 3.9 p
38、iping: Any combination of fittings, couplings or connectors with pipes, hoses or tubes which allow fluid flow between components. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05
39、/2007 01:02:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO ISO 4414:1998(E) 3 3.10 pneumatics: Science and technology which deals with the use of air or neutral gases as the fluid power medium. 3.11 purchaser: Party that stipulates the requirements of a machine, equ
40、ipment, system or component and judges whether the product satisfies those requirements. 3.12 supplier: Party that contracts to provide the product(s) to satisfy the purchasers requirements. 3.13 system: Arrangement of interconnected components which transmits and controls fluid power energy. 4 Requ
41、irements 4.1 General The requirements stated in 4.1.1 to 4.5 apply to all systems within the scope of this International Standard. 4.1.1 Instructions Pneumatic systems shall be installed and used in accordance with the instructions and recommendations of the system supplier. 4.1.2 Language* The supp
42、lier and purchaser shall agree on the language to be used for machine marking and applicable documentation. The supplier shall be responsible for ensuring that any translation has the same meaning as the original text. 4.2 Hazards* When agreed between purchaser and supplier, an assessment of the haz
43、ards listed in annex B shall be performed. This assessment may include the influence of the pneumatic fluid power system with other parts of the machine, system or environment. Standards listed in annex B may be used in this assessment. So far as is practicable, the hazards identified shall be elimi
44、nated by design and, where this is not practicable, the design shall incorporate safeguards against such hazards. 4.3 Safety requirements 4.3.1 Design considerations When designing pneumatic systems, all intended operations and use of the systems shall be considered. Copyright International Organiza
45、tion for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007 01:02:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 4414:1998(E) ISO 4 Pneumatic systems shall be designed and components
46、 selected, applied, mounted and adjusted to provide uninterrupted operation, extended life and safe operation. In the event of a failure, safety of personnel shall be the prime consideration, and damage to equipment and the environment minimized. Possible modes of failure and intended operations and
47、 use shall be considered. 4.3.2 Component selection All components in the system shall be selected or specified to provide for safety in use, and they shall operate within their rated limits when the system is put to its intended use. Components shall be selected or specified to operate reliably und
48、er all intended uses of the system. Particular attention shall be paid to the failure mode of components that could cause a hazard in the event of their failure or malfunction. 4.3.3 Unintended pressures All parts of the system shall be designed or otherwise protected against pressures exceeding the maximum working pressure of a system or any part of the system or the rated pressure of any specific component. Sy