《ISO-6393-1998.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《ISO-6393-1998.pdf（16页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、A Reference number ISO 6393:1998(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6393 Second edition 1998-11-15 Acoustics Measurement of exterior noise emitted by earth-moving machinery Stationary test conditions Acoustique Mesurage du bruit mis lextrieur par les engins de terrassement Conditions dessai statiques Cop
2、yright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 02:38:19 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 6393:1998(E) ISO 1998 All rights reserved. Unl
3、ess otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International Organization for Standardization Case postale 56 CH-1211 Gen
4、ve 20 Switzerland Internetisoiso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical comm
5、ittees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
6、International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member
7、 bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 6393 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 1, Noise, in collaboration with ISO/TC 127, Earth moving mach
8、inery. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 6393:1985), which has been technically revised. Annex A forms a normative part of this International Standard. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technica
9、l Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 02:38:19 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISOISO 6393:1998(E) iii Introduction This International Standard is a special test code for specific types of earth-moving machinery. Specific procedures are describ
10、ed in this special test code to enable the sound power emission in a stationary test to be determined in a manner which is repeatable. Attachments (bucket, dozer, etc.) for the manufacturers production version are to be fitted, since this is the configuration most likely to exist when the machine is
11、 in actual use. This International Standard enables compliance with noise limits to be determined. It can also be used for evaluation purposes in noise reduction investigations. An additional special test code is given in ISO 6394. This other special test code is intended to be used to determine the
12、 noise emitted by earth-moving machinery, measured at the operators position while the machine is stationary, in terms of the equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level. Corresponding measurements of exterior noise and noise at the operators position under dynamic test conditions are desc
13、ribed in ISO 6395 and ISO 6396, respectively. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 02:38:19 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- C
14、opyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 02:38:19 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISOISO 6393:1998(E) 1 Aco
15、ustics Measurement of exterior noise emitted by earth-moving machinery Stationary test conditions 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for determining the exterior noise emitted by earth-moving machinery in terms of the A-weighted sound power level while the machine is stationary w
16、ith the engine operating at rated speed under no-load conditions. This International Standard is applicable to the following specific types of earth-moving machinery: excavators (hydraulic or rope-operated); crawler and wheel tractor-dozers; crawler and wheel loaders; and backhoe loaders. 2 Normativ
17、e references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based
18、 on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of curren
19、tly valid International Standards. ISO 3744:1994, Acoustics Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane. ISO 9249, Earth-moving machinery Engine test code Net power. IEC 60651, Sound level meters.1)
20、 IEC 60804, Integrating-averaging sound level meters.1) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 3744 and the following apply. For the convenience of users of this International Standard, some definitions are quoted from ISO 6165
21、:1997. 1) IEC 60651 and IEC 60804 will be replaced by IEC 61672. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 02:38:19 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without licen
22、se from IHS -,-,- ISO 6393:1998(E) ISO 2 3.1 time-averaged A-weighted sound pressure level, LpAeq,T A-weighted sound pressure level averaged on an energy basis over the whole measurement period, T 3.2 A-weighted sound power level, LWA A-weighted sound power level obtained from time-averaged A-weight
23、ed sound pressure levels averaged over the measurement surface on an energy basis 3.3 excavator self-propelled machine on crawler, wheels or legs, having an upper structure normally capable of a 360 swing with mounted equipment, primarily designed for excavating with a bucket, without moving the und
24、ercarriage during the work cycle NOTE An excavator work cycle normally comprises excavating, elevating, swinging and discharging material. ISO 6165:1997 See Figure 1. Figure 1 Excavator 3.4 tractor-dozer self-propelled crawler or wheeled machine with equipment having either a dozing attachment which
25、 cuts, moves and grades material through forward motion of the machine, or a mounted attachment used to exert a push or a pull force ISO 6165:1997 See Figure 2. Figure 2 Tractor-dozer Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Techni
26、cal Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 02:38:19 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISOISO 6393:1998(E) 3 3.5 loader self-propelled crawler or wheeled machine, having front-mounted equipment primarily designed for loading operation (bucket use), w
27、hich loads or excavates through forward motion of the machine NOTE A loader work cycle normally comprises filling, elevating, transporting and discharging material. ISO 6165:1997 See Figure 3. Figure 3 Loader 3.6 backhoe loader self-propelled crawler or wheeled machine, having a main frame designed
28、to carry both front-mounted equipment and rear-mounted backhoe equipment (normally with outriggers); when used in the backhoe mode, the machine is stationary and normally digs below ground level; when used in the loader mode (bucket use), the machine loads through forward motion NOTE A backhoe work
29、cycle normally comprises excavating, elevating, swinging and discharging material. A loader work cycle normally comprises filling, elevating, transporting and discharging material. ISO 6165:1997 See Figure 4. Figure 4 Backhoe loader 4 Instrumentation The instrumentation shall be capable of carrying
30、out measurements as described in 8.1. The preferred instrumentation system for acquiring the data is an integrating-averaging sound level meter complying with the Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/99725
31、45001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 02:38:19 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 6393:1998(E) ISO 4 requirements of IEC 60804 for a class 1 instrument. Alternative instrumentation, including the microphone and cable, shall meet the requirements of IEC 60651 for
32、 a class 1 instrument. NOTE The sensitivity to environmental conditions is especially relevant for this type of measurement. It is recommended to ask the manufacturer for evidence that related tests according to IEC 60651 were carried out with a positive result. 5 Test environment 5.1 General For th
33、e purposes of this International Standard, the test environment specified in ISO 3744:1994, clause 4 and annex A, applies. Additional requirements are given in 5.2 to 5.6. 5.2 Test site 5.2.1 General The following two types of test site surface, described in 5.2.2 and 5.2.3, are allowed: a) hard ref
34、lecting plane (concrete or sealed asphalt); b) combination of hard reflecting plane and sand. The hard reflecting plane shall be used for testing the following: rubber-tyred machines: all modes of operation; excavators: all modes of operation; crawler loaders: stationary hydraulic mode of operation.
35、 The combination of hard reflecting plane and sand shall be used for testing crawler dozers and crawler loaders with the machine operating on the sand surface and with the microphone on the hard reflecting plane. 5.2.2 Hard reflecting plane Test site surface a) The test area bordered by the micropho
36、nes shall consist of concrete or sealed asphalt. 5.2.3 Combination of hard reflecting plane and sand Test site surface b) The travel path on which the machine is placed shall consist of humid sand of grain size up to 2 mm. The minimum depth of the sand shall be 0,3 m. If 0,3 m is not deep enough for
37、 track penetration, the depth shall be increased accordingly. The surface between the machine and the microphones shall be a hard reflecting plane, as described in 5.2.2. This provides a reflecting plane rather than an absorptive surface for the measuring environment. A minimum size combination site
38、 can be used by having just a single reflecting plane with a sand path along the side. In this case, a set of measurements with three microphones shall be carried out on one side of the machine. Another set shall then be carried out for the other side after turning the machine 180. 5.3 Test site and
39、 environmental correction, K2 For test site surfaces which consist of a hard reflecting plane, such as concrete or sealed asphalt 5.2.1 a) and b), and with no sound-reflecting obstacles within a distance from the source equal to three times the greatest distance from the source centre to the lower m
40、easurement positions (measurement hemisphere radius), it may be assumed that the environmental correction K2 is less than or equal to 0,5 dB. It is, therefore, negligible and is disregarded. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA
41、 Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 02:38:19 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISOISO 6393:1998(E) 5 5.4 Background noise At each measurement position, background noise shall be at least 10 dB lower than the noise emitted by the machin
42、e (both time-averaged and A-weighted). 5.5 Climatic conditions When precipitation (i.e. rain, snow or hail) is falling or when the ground surface is covered with snow, it is recommended that measurements should not be carried out. The wind speed shall not exceed 5 m/s. 5.6 Signal devices Any signal
43、devices, such as forward warning horn or back-up alarm, shall not be activated during this test. 6 Measurement of time-averaged A-weighted sound pressure levels 6.1 Size of measurement surface The measurement surface to be used for the test shall be a hemisphere. The radius of the hemisphere shall b
44、e determined by the basic length, l, of the machine (see Figures 1 to 4). The basic length encloses the main body of the machine and excludes major attachments, such as dozer blades, buckets and boom. The radius shall be: 4 m when the basic length, l, of the machine to be tested is less than 1,5 m;
45、10 m when the basic length, l, of the machine to be tested is greater than 1,5 m but less than 4 m; 16 m when the basic length, l, of the machine to be tested is greater than 4 m. 6.2 Microphone positions on the hemispherical measurement surface Six measurement positions shall be used. Microphone po
46、sitions and their coordinates shall be as shown in Figure 5 and given in Table 1. 6.3 Positioning of the machine 6.3.1 Loaders, backhoe loaders and tractor-dozers The machine centreline shall coincide with the hemisphere centreline which is the intersection of the x- and y-axes shown in Figure 5. Th
47、e front of the machine shall face microphone positions Nos. 1 and 4. The midpoint of the basic length l (see Figures 2 and 3) is defined as the machine centreline for positioning purposes. 6.3.2 Excavators The machine centreline shall coincide with the hemisphere centreline which is the intersection
48、 of the x- and y-axes shown in Figure 5. The front of the machine shall face microphone positions Nos. 1 and 4. The centre of rotation of the upper structure of the excavator (see Figure 1) is defined as the machine centreline for positioning purposes. 6.4 Measurement time The total measurement time for each reading at each measurement position in a stabilized operating mode shall be in the range of 15 s to 30 s. Copyright International Organization