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1、 Reference number ISO 16156:2004(E) ISO 2004 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16156 First edition 2004-02-01 Machine-tools safety Safety requirements for the design and construction of work holding chucks Scurit des machines-outils Prescriptions de scurit pour la conception et la construction des mandrins
2、 porte-pices Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 02:52:32 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16156:2004(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may
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4、sibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
5、 parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2004 All rights reserved. Unless ot
6、herwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyri
7、ght office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2004 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco H
8、Q/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 02:52:32 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16156:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
9、member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, govern
10、mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Di
11、rectives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member b
12、odies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 16156 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 39, Machine tools, Subcomm
13、ittee SC 8, Work holding spindles and chucks. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 02:52:32 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16156:2004(E)
14、iv ISO 2004 All rights reserved Introduction This International Standard was prepared to provide one means of conforming to the Essential Health and Safety Requirements of the Machinery Directive and associated EFTA Regulations. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IH
15、S under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 02:52:32 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16156:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 1 Machine-tools safety Safety requirements for the design and con
16、struction of work holding chucks 1 Scope This International Standard sets out the requirements and/or measures to remove the hazards and limit the risk on work holding chucks which are defined in 3.1. It covers all the hazards relevant to this component, as listed in Clause 4. The requirements conce
17、rn designers, manufacturers, suppliers and importers of work holding chucks. It also includes information which the manufacturer shall provide for the user. It is primarily directed to components which are manufactured after its date of issue. 2 Normative references The following referenced document
18、s are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 1940-1:2003, Mechanical vibration Balance quality requirements for rotors in a
19、 constant (rigid) state Part 1: Specification and verification of balance tolerances ISO 3089:1991, Self-centring manually-operated chucks for machine tools Acceptance test specifications (geometrical tests) ISO 3442:1991, Self-centring chucks for machine tools with tow-piece jaws (tongue and groove
20、 type) Sizes for interchangeability and acceptance test specifications ISO 9401:1991, Machine tools Jaw mountings on power chucks EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology EN 292-2:1991, Safety of machinery Basic concepts,
21、 general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles and specifications + Amendment 1:1995 EN 982:1996, Safety of machinery Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components Hydraulics EN 983:1996, Safety of machinery Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their compon
22、ents Pneumatics EN 1005-2:2003, Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 2: Manual handling of machinery and component parts of machinery Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/200
23、7 02:52:32 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16156:2004(E) 2 ISO 2004 All rights reserved 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 work holding chuck clamping device with movable jaws to hold
24、 a workpiece designated hereinafter by “chuck” NOTE Some chucks may be equipped with grooves or slots. 3.2 manually operated chuck chuck in which workpieces are clamped with the aid of manual energy (e.g. by means of a key) 3.3 power-operated chuck chuck in which workpieces are clamped with the aid
25、of pneumatic, hydraulic or electric energy 3.4 centrifugally compensated chuck chuck in which there is a system which permits compensation of the loss of clamping force due to centrifugal force 3.5 base jaw radial moving part of the chuck which receives the top jaw 3.6 top jaw element mounted on a b
26、ase jaw for the clamping of workpieces 3.7 clamping force algebraic sum of the individual radial forces applied by the chuck jaws on the workpiece 3.8 static clamping force clamping force of the chuck before the chuck has been rotated 3.9 maximum static clamping force maximum clamping force obtained
27、 when the maximum permissible input force (or input torque) is applied to a particular design 3.10 dynamic clamping force actual clamping force when the chuck is rotating 3.11 clamping cylinder cylinder which actuates the chuck with the aid of pneumatic or hydraulic energy 3.12 centrifugal force for
28、ce generated by rotation that tends to move all parts away radially from the axis of rotation of the chuck Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 02:52:32 MDTNo reproduction or networkin
29、g permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16156:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 3 NOTE The centrifugal force (Fc) is expressed in newtons (N). 2 2 2 c 30 m vn m rm r F r = = where m is the mass, in kilograms, of the moving parts (usually jaws); r is the distance, in metres, of the centre o
30、f gravity of the moving parts (usually jaws) from the axis of rotation; is the angular velocity, in radians per second, of the centre of gravity of the moving parts (usually jaws); v is the peripheral velocity, in metres per second, of the centre of gravity of the moving parts (usually jaws); n is t
31、he rotational speed, in minutes to the power minus one. 3.13 input force force acting on the chuck, applied from an external energy source which actuates the chuck mechanism 3.14 input torque torque acting on the chuck, applied from an external energy source which actuates the chuck mechanism 3.15 r
32、otational balance equilibrium of all masses around the axis of rotation (any differences between the axis of rotation and the centre of gravity will cause imbalance) 3.16 maximum rotational speed nmax maximum rotational speed, in minutes to the power minus one, specified by the manufacturer for chuc
33、k with standard jaws in compliance with the manufacturers instructions (see 6.2) 3.17 working rotational speed nw rotational speed, in minutes to the power minus one, under machining conditions (nw u nmax) 4 List of hazards Significant hazards are crushing, entanglement, drawing-in or trapping, impa
34、ct, and ejection of any exchangeable or moveable part. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 02:52:32 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16156
35、:2004(E) 4 ISO 2004 All rights reserved 5 Safety requirements and/or measures 5.1 General The appropriate means listed below shall be used during the design and construction of chucks in order to protect any person from being exposed to hazards: a) the chuck and its proper actuating equipment (e.g.
36、cylinder) shall be compatible (see 6.1.9); b) the balance quality factor G shall be provided by the manufacturers accompanying documents (see ISO 1940-1); c) base jaws of chucks shall be positively prevented (e.g. by locking pins) from being flung out by centrifugal force (see EN 292-1:1991, 3.23.6)
37、; d) chucks with mass greater than 20 kg shall be equipped with means (e.g. threaded holes) for their handling (see 6.1.1). Verification: by checking the relevant drawings, inspection and type test certificate. 5.2 Special requirements For compensated chucks, nmax shall be stated by the manufacturer
38、. For non-compensated chucks, nmax shall not exceed the speed corresponding to a calculated loss of 67 % of the total measured static clamping force with the manufacturers standard jaws, e.g. hard top jaw of stated mass and at a stated radius of gyration positioned on the base jaws. Verification: by
39、 checking the relevant technical file. 5.2.1 Power operated chuck The chuck or chucking equipment (cylinders) shall be equipped with devices to ensure that the clamping force is effectively applied (e.g. travel sensors before stroke end). In the event of energy supply failure to the actuators/cylind
40、ers, devices (e.g. check valves) shall be provided to ensure that the pressure is maintained for a period stated by the manufacturer (see EN 982 and/or EN 983). Verification: by checking the relevant drawings and/or inspection. 5.2.2 Chuck wrench and similar equipment The chuck wrench or similar equ
41、ipment for manual jaw locking or manually tightening all types of chuck shall be designed so that they do not remain located in the rotating chucks. Wrenches, similar equipment, or their locating points within chucks shall either be spring loaded to be self-removing when released, or shall prevent (
42、by interlocking) the rotation of the spindle when inserted. Verification: by checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams and test report on the chuck or wrench. 5.2.3 Chucks with grooves or slots Chucks fitted with grooves or slots open to the outer periphery shall be equipped with safety
43、 devices (e.g. pins) to prevent stops, counter balances or similar devices from being flung out of slots by centrifugal force. Verification: by checking the relevant drawings and/or inspection. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=A
44、ramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 02:52:32 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16156:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 5 6 Information for use 6.1 General The following information shall be provided in the instruction handbook (see EN 292-2:1
45、991, Clause 5 and especially 5.5). 6.1.1 Safety instructions for the proper use of the chuck including handling (see EN 1005-2) function, maximum rotational speed nmax, dimensions, necessary adjustments and fixing elements, permissible clamping ranges and pressure/forces of power drives. 6.1.2 Metho
46、d for determination of clamping forces to allow the user to assess the suitability of the chuck for the machining operation. 6.1.3 Information on clamping force variation when the chuck is running with a standard jaw (e.g. hard top jaw) to allow the user to determine the dynamic clamping forces. 6.1
47、.4 Maximum permissible mass of the jaw/top jaw at its maximum radius and at maximum rotational speed. 6.1.5 Maximum distance between the centre of gravity of the clamping jaw and the end face of the chuck. 6.1.6 Methods of determination for special top-jaw clamping forces. 6.1.7 Instructions for mai
48、ntenance including lubrication and intervals between checks of static clamping forces. 6.1.8 Information for component interchangeability, with reference to ISO 3089, ISO 3442 and ISO 9401. 6.1.9 Description of the conditions to be fulfilled at the interface between the work holding chuck and its actuating equipment. 6.1.10 Information on the chuck mass, expressed in kilograms. 6.1.11 The compliance of the chuck and its accesso