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1、 Reference number ISO 7176-5:2008(E) ISO 2008 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7176-5 Second edition 2008-06-01 Wheelchairs Part 5: Determination of dimensions, mass and manoeuvring space Fauteuils roulants Partie 5: Dtermination des dimensions, de la masse et de lespace de manoeuvre ISO 7176-5:2008(E) PD
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5、T PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
6、ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reserved ISO 7176-5:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iii C
7、ontents Page Foreword. v Introduction vii 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Wheelchair classes and occupant mass groups. 22 4.1 General. 22 4.2 Classes of electrically powered wheelchairs. 22 4.3 Occupant mass groups 22 5 Test apparatus 22 6 Selection of the test whe
8、elchair 26 7 Preparation of the test wheelchair 27 7.1 General. 27 7.2 Wheelchair equipment 27 7.3 Wheelchair adjustment. 27 7.4 Final check 32 7.5 Positioning 32 7.6 Loading of the wheelchair . 32 7.7 Records 34 7.8 Use of hand space gauge and foot space gauges 34 7.9 Wheel rotation. 34 7.10 Asymme
9、trical design of test wheelchair 35 8 Required measurements 35 8.1 General. 35 8.2 Full overall length. 36 8.3 Overall width . 36 8.4 Handgrip height 36 8.5 Stowage length . 36 8.6 Stowage width. 37 8.7 Stowage height . 37 8.8 Rising. 37 8.9 Total mass . 37 8.10 Mass of heaviest part . 37 8.11 Pivot
10、 width. 38 8.12 Reversing width 38 8.13 Turning diameter. 38 8.14 Ground clearance . 39 8.15 Required width of angled corridor 39 8.16 Required doorway entry depth 39 8.17 Required corridor width for side opening 39 9 Disclosure of information 41 9.1 General. 41 9.2 Wheelchairs with handrims . 41 9.
11、3 Wheelchairs without handrims 41 10 Test report . 42 10.1 Requirements 42 10.2 Recommendations 43 -,-,- ISO 7176-5:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reserved Annex A (informative) Technical dimensions45 Annex B (informative) Pivot width and reversing width.59 Annex C (informative) Turning diameter69 A
12、nnex D (informative) Wheelchair longitudinal axis and wheelchair centre-point74 Annex E (informative) Guidelines and recommendations for wheelchair design and performance.75 Bibliography .79 ISO 7176-5:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved v Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardiz
13、ation) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
14、 represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standar
15、ds are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Intern
16、ational Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 7176-5 w
17、as prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 173, Assistive products for persons with disability, Subcommittee SC 1, Wheelchairs. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 7176-5:1986) which has been technically revised. ISO 7176 consists of the following parts, under the general
18、title Wheelchairs: Part 1: Determination of static stability Part 2: Determination of dynamic stability of electric wheelchairs Part 3: Determination of effectiveness of brakes Part 4: Energy consumption of electric wheelchairs and scooters for determination of theoretical distance range Part 5: Det
19、ermination of dimensions, mass and manoeuvring space Part 6: Determination of maximum speed, acceleration and deceleration of electric wheelchairs Part 7: Measurement of seating and wheel dimensions Part 8: Requirements and test methods for static, impact and fatigue strengths Part 9: Climatic tests
20、 for electric wheelchairs Part 10: Determination of obstacle-climbing ability of electrically powered wheelchairs Part 11: Test dummies Part 13: Determination of coefficient of friction of test surfaces Part 14: Power and control systems for electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters Requirements
21、 and test methods ISO 7176-5:2008(E) vi ISO 2008 All rights reserved Part 15: Requirements for information disclosure, documentation and labelling Part 16: Resistance to ignition of upholstered parts Requirements and test methods Part 19: Wheeled mobility devices for use as seats in motor vehicles P
22、art 21: Requirements and test methods for electromagnetic compatibility of electrically powered wheelchairs and motorized scooters, and battery chargers Part 22: Set-up procedures Part 23: Requirements and test methods for attendant-operated stair-climbing devices Part 24: Requirements and test meth
23、ods for user-operated stair-climbing devices Part 26: Vocabulary ISO 7176-5:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved vii Introduction The purpose of this part of ISO 7176 is to provide technical definitions together with appropriate measurement procedures for measuring important dimensions and masses of
24、 manual wheelchairs and electrically powered wheelchairs including scooters, which can be used to estimate the appropriateness for a given environment. A new approach is used for the pre-selection of the reference size from a wheelchair model with a range of various dimensions by introducing referen
25、ce dimensions of the intended occupant. This new approach ensures repeatable and comparable test results. The information in this part of ISO 7176 is intended for three main reader groups: prescribers and occupants of wheelchairs; architects and public authorities; manufacturers, wheelchair provider
26、s, clinicians and test laboratories. Features that are important to wheelchair occupants, architects and public authorities, such as overall dimensions and the estimation of the space needed and general manoeuvrability, are contained in Clause 8. Values for the different features are disclosed in th
27、e wheelchairs specification sheet. The values can be used to determine, before purchase, the wheelchairs suitability in relation to specific requirements and needs. The technical features of a wheelchair which are of importance to manufacturers, wheelchair providers, clinicians and test laboratories
28、, such as items to be considered when manufacturing, setting up, adjusting, repairing or testing wheelchairs, are included in Annex A. Technical Report ISO/TR 13570-11 is also available, giving a simplified explanation of the different parts of ISO 7176. Technical Report, ISO/TR 13570-22, is under c
29、onsideration. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7176-5:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1 Wheelchairs Part 5: Determination of dimensions, mass and manoeuvring space 1 Scope This part of ISO 7176 specifies methods for the determination of wheelchair dimensions and mass. This includes specific methods f
30、or the determination of outside dimensions when the wheelchair is occupied by a reference occupant and the required manoeuvring space needed for wheelchair manoeuvres commonly carried out in daily life. This part of ISO 7176 specifies requirements for the disclosure of the dimensions and masses and
31、contains five informative annexes. Annex A specifies methods for the determination of technical dimensions that can be important to the performance of the wheelchair. Annex B provides detailed information about pivot width and reversing width. Annex C provides detailed information about the turning
32、diameter. Annex D provides details on determining the wheelchair longitudinal axis and wheelchair centre-point. Annex E provides technical guidelines and recommendations for many of the measurements specified to facilitate improved understanding, design and construction of wheelchairs. This part of
33、ISO 7176 is applicable to manual wheelchairs and electrically powered wheelchairs (including scooters). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the
34、latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 7176-7, Wheelchairs Part 7: Measurement of seating and wheel dimensions ISO 7176-11, Wheelchairs Part 11: Test dummies ISO 7176-13, Wheelchairs Part 13: Determination of coefficient of friction of test surfaces ISO 717
35、6-15, Wheelchairs Part 15: Requirements for information disclosure, documentation and labelling ISO 7176-22:2000, Wheelchairs Part 22: Set-up procedures ISO 7176-26, Wheelchairs Part 26: Vocabulary -,-,- ISO 7176-5:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of th
36、is document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 7176-26 and the following apply. 3.1 castor wheel misalignment lateral distance between the ground contact point of the castor wheel and that point where the castor stem axis intersects with the ground See Figure 1. NOTE 1 Measurement is in accorda
37、nce with A.22. NOTE 2 A non-zero value usually indicates a misalignment. The value is positive if the ground contact point of the castor wheel is medial to the point of intersection of the castor stem axis with the ground, zero if in the desired neutral position and negative if the ground contact po
38、int of the castor wheel is lateral to the point of intersection of the castor stem axis with the ground. NOTE 3 Sketches a), b) and c) in front view; d) in top view. a) shifted wheel b) conical wheel c) tilted axle d) oblique axle Key 1 castor wheel misalignment Figure 1 Castor wheel misalignment (e
39、xaggerated) -,-,- ISO 7176-5:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3 3.2 fixed wheel wheel that cannot change its axial orientation relative to the wheelchair during motion EXAMPLE Drive wheel, manoeuvring wheel or guide wheel. 3.3 front wheel track distance between the ground contact points of the f
40、ront wheels See Figure 2. NOTE 1 Measurement is in accordance with A.15. NOTE 2 Sketch in front view. Key 1 front wheel track Figure 2 Front wheel track (example) -,-,- ISO 7176-5:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3.4 full occupied length distance between the most forward and most rearward poin
41、t of the wheelchair including lower leg support assemblies and a reference occupant See Figure 3. NOTE 1 Measurement is in accordance with A.8. NOTE 2 This measurement applies where the wheelchair has fixed leg supports and/or foot supports or where the leg supports and/or foot supports are removabl
42、e but not removed. Key 1 full occupied length 2 reduced occupied length 3 occupied width 4 occupied height Figure 3 Dimensions of the wheelchair when occupied ISO 7176-5:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 5 3.5 full overall length distance between the most forward and most rearward point of the wh
43、eelchair when assembled and ready for use with any leg supports, foot supports and any anti-tipping devices fitted See Figure 4. NOTE 1 Measurement is in accordance with 8.2. NOTE 2 This measurement applies where the wheelchair has fixed leg supports and/or foot supports or where the leg supports an
44、d/or foot supports are removable but not removed. Key 1 full overall length 2 reduced overall length 3 overall width 4 overall height Figure 4 Overall wheelchair dimensions ISO 7176-5:2008(E) 6 ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3.6 ground clearance minimum clearance between the occupied wheelchair and th
45、e ground See Figure 5. NOTE Measurement is in accordance with 8.14. Key 1 typical critical points 2 ground clearance a Wheels, adjustable leg/foot supports and anti-tip devices are not considered. Figure 5 Ground clearance (example) 3.7 ground contact point midpoint of the area where the wheel conta
46、cts the ground See Figure 6. NOTE 1 One means of identifying the ground contact point is to place four feeler gauges of equal thickness, and with at least one straight edge, on the test plane (an example of a feeler gauge is a piece of tin or other rigid material, 0,5 mm 0,2 mm thick). Push two of t
47、hem from the front and rear under the wheels with their straight edges horizontal and perpendicular to the wheelchair longitudinal axis and push the other two of them, from both sides, under the wheels with their straight edges parallel to the wheelchair longitudinal axis. Push all feeler gauges unt
48、il they contact the wheel. The ground contact point is located in the middle of the rectangle created by the straight edges of the four feeler gauges. NOTE 2 Sketch a) in side view; b) in front view; c) in 3/4 view with wheelchair removed. ISO 7176-5:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 7 a) b) c) Key 1 area of contact between wheel and ground 2 front feeler gauge 3 rear feeler gauge 4 right feeler gauge 5 left feeler gauge 6 ground contact point Figure 6 Identification of ground contact point 3.8 handgrip height vertical distance from the ground to the