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1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 4254-3 First edition 1992-02-15 “ The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) is the primary source and official sales agent for IS0 standards in the United States ANSI was granted an exclusive license to distribute and sell IS0 standards, technical reports, drafts an
2、d other priced publications within the U S A Under this license agreement IS0 has granted to ANSI the right to reproduce IS0 standards and drafts within the territories of the United States” Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry - Technical means for ensuring safety - Part 3: Tractors
3、Tracteurs et matkiels agricoles et forestiers - Disposififs techniques permettanf Anhydrous ammonia applicators - Pat-f 3: Tractors - Part 4: Forestry winches - Part 5: Power-driven soil-working equipment - Par? 6: Equipment for crop protection - Part 7: Combine harvesters, forage and cotton harvest
4、ers - Part 9: Equipment for sowing, planting and distributing ferfilizers 6 is0 1992 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, Including photocopying and microfilm, without permlssion In wrltlng from the publ
5、isher. International Organizatlon for Standardization Case Postale 56 ? CH-1211 Geneve 20 ? Switzerland Printed in Switzerland ii Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/26/2007
6、03:28:07 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 4254-3:1992(E) Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry - Technical means for ensuring safety - Part 3: Tractors 1 Scope This part of IS0 4254 provides guidelines regarding the pr
7、evention of accidents arising from the use of tractors and indicates appropriate parameters to be met when designing tractors It also specifies technical means of improving the degree of personal safety of operators and others involved in the course of normal running, mainten- ance and use of agricu
8、ltural tractors These are ad- ditional to the requirements of IS0 4254-l to which reference should also be made. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of IS0 4254. At the time of publication, the ed
9、itions indicated were valid All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of IS0 4254 are encouraged to investi- gate the possibility of applying the most recent edi- tions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of currently
10、valid International Standards IS0 730-1:1990, Agricultural wheeled tractors - Rear-mounted fhree-point linkage - Part 1: Caf- egories 1, 2 and 3. IS0 3600:1981, Tractors and machinery for agricul- ture and forestry - Operafor manuals and technical publications - Presentation. IS0 4252:1983, Agricult
11、ural tracfors - Access, exit and the operator s workplace - Dimensions IS0 4254-l. 1989, Tractors and machinery for agricul- lure and forestry - Technical means for ensuring safety - Part 1: General IS0 5353:1978, Earth-moving machinery, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and foresfry - Seat
12、 index point. IS0 8759-2.1985, Agricultural wheeled fractors - Front-mounted linkage and power fake-off - Part 2: Front linkage 3 Requirements 3.1 Three-point linkages The hazards of coupling implements with three-point linkages can be reduced by the use of semi- automatic implement couplers (quick-
13、coupling de- vices). 3.1.1 Three-point linkage at rear 3.1.1.1 Forward of a plane passing through the median plane of the pivot points of the lifting rods in a three-point coupling system, a minimum safety margin of 25 mm shall be maintained between the moving parts at each point of the lihing devic
14、e s travel This does not however apply for the extreme upper and lower range of travel 0,ln which are de- fined in a) below and illustrated in figure 1. A mini- mum clearance of 25 mm or a minimum angle of 30” shall be maintained between parts in shear where the angle can change (see frgure2) a) For
15、 the total movement range, n, the lower pos- ition A of the lower hitch point is limited by the dimension in definition 3 2.14 and 14 in figure2 of IS0 730-1:1990, while the upper pos- 1 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Tec
16、hnical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/26/2007 03:28:07 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 4254-3:1992(E) W ition 8 is limited by the maximum hydraulic travel. Travel n corresponds to travel n reduced upwards and downwards by O,ln, and constitutes
17、 the vertical distance between A and B . 3.1.2 Three-point linkage at front Within the distance of travel it , a minimum safety margin of 25 mm in relation to the adjacent parts shall be maintained around the profile of the lift- ing rods. 3.1.2.1 In any position of the power lift coupling system ra
18、nge of lift n , a minimum safety margin shall be maintained Where the angle can change, a minimum angle of 30” or a safety margin of 25 mm shall be maintained (see also figure 1). Figure 1 - Lift range Clearance envelope Figure 2 - Three-point linkage Copyright International Organization for Standar
19、dization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/26/2007 03:28:07 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 4254-3:1992(E) 3.1.2.2 For the total movement range, n, the lower position A of the lower h
20、itch point is limited by the dimension in definition 3 2.14 in IS0 730-1.1990 which is defined as 14 in figure 3 and table 3 of IS0 8759-2:1985, while the upper position B is limited by the maximum hydraulic travel. Travel n corre- sponds to travel n reduced upwards and downwards by O,ln, and consti
21、tutes the vertical distance be- tween A and B . 3.1.2.3 If three-point linkage coupling devices are used which do not require the presence of an oper- ator between the tractor and the implement carried (for example in the case of a semi-automatic imple- ment coupler), the provisions of 3.1.2.1 do no
22、t apply within a radius of 250 mm around the lower link points of the tractor. 3.1.3 Controls 3.1.3.1 Main controls The main controls and their linkage shall be ar- ranged or protected in such a way that the operator cannot reach them if he is standing on the ground between the tractor and the mount
23、ed implement 3.1.3.2 External controls When additional external controls are fitted, they shall be arranged in such a way that the operator can actuate them from a safe position, for instance where the three-point hydraulic lift controls or the additional controls for the lifting mechanism are lo- c
24、ated outside the vertical planes formed by the internal walls of the mudguards In addition, the three-point hydraulic lifting mech- anism shall be actuated by means of controls which - either restrict the amount of movement to a maximum of 100 mm each time the control is actuated the measurement poi
25、nts in this case are formed by the coupling points on the lower arms of the three-point coupling, - or operate on the operator-presence and contin- ual activation principle (dead man s control). 3.1.3.3 Main controls on narrow-track tractors The controls on narrow-track tractors ) are arranged in fr
26、ont of the transverse vertical plane through the seat index point (SIP) as defined in IS0 5353 3.1.3.4 Other arrangements Other arrangements are permitted if the manufac- turer provides evidence that they have an effect at least equivalent to the requirements set out in 3 1 3 1 to 3 1 3.3 3.2 Operat
27、or s workplace 3.2.1 When seated, no shearing or pinching points are permitted within reach of the operator s hands (reach B in figure 3) or feet For tractors designed for special applications the requirements in IS0 4254-l may not apply. In these cases the requirements in 3 2.2 shall apply. 3.2.2 T
28、he reach of the operator is divided into spherical volumes A and B (shown as reaches A and B respectively in figure 3) The spherical centre-point of the volumes is located 60 mm in front and 580 mm above the seat index point (SIP) (see figure3). Volume A is formed by a spherical radius of 550 mm, vo
29、lume B is the volume between this radius and a spherical radius of 1 000 mm Within volume A, a minimum clearance of 120 mm between power and inertia-operated, and other ad- jacent parts shall be maintained. Within volume B, a minimum clearance of 25 mm shall be maintained. Within both volumes, a min
30、imum angle of 30” shall be maintained where parts shear against each other. In the case of narrow-track tractors ), these require- ments do not apply to any points behind a plane which is located at an angle of 45” to the rear and which runs transverse to the travel direction through a point located
31、 230 mm behind the SIP (see figure 4) Warning decals shall indicate hazards, if any 1) A narrow-track tractor is an agricultural tractor with a smallest adjustable track gauge equal to or less than 1 150 mm. 3 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license wit
32、h ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/26/2007 03:28:07 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 4254-3:1992(E) Dimensions in millimetres SIP Figure 3 - Operator s reach Dimensions in millimetres SIP Figure 4 - Limitatlon to opera
33、tor s reach volumes for narrow-track tractors 3.3 Access to operator s seat and optional passenger s seat2) 3.3.1 Access to the operator s seat shall meet the requirements of IS0 4252 and shall not be restricted Access should minimize the probability of the oper- ator being inadvertently restrained;
34、 i.e catching or holding of the person or clothes should be avoided If any parts protrude from the standing area (e g. clutch pedal), provisions shall be made to enable one foot to be placed either in front of, rearward or at the side of such parts. These requirements also apply where an optional pa
35、ssenger seat is provided (see figure 5). In addi- tion, where a passenger seat is fitted and where parts could constitute a danger to the feet, provision shall be made for protective devices within a hemispherical radius of 600 mm starting from the forward edge of the seat cushion and pointing downw
36、ards Dangerous parts in reaches A and B shall be protected within a sphere centred 670 mm above the centre of the passenger seat front edge Dimensions in miliimetres -, , Reach A Figure 5 - Part of tractor end view showing reach volumes in relation to passenger seat 3.3.2 For narrow-track tractors )
37、, the exhaust sys- tem, whether vertical or horizontal, shall be pos- itioned so that its hot parts cannot be touched by the driver whilst gaining access to the tractor seat or sitting at the controls. 2) An optional passenger seat may not be acceptable in some conditions due to legal requirements 4
38、 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/26/2007 03:28:07 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 4254-3:1992(E) Alternatively, any system h
39、ot parts within reach of access or the driving seat shall be shielded to pro- tect the operator. The exhaust outlet shall be positioned so that ex- haust fumes pass above or behind the driver. 4 Access for servicing and fluid level checks Appropriate access steps and handholds shall be provided for
40、routine servicing and fluid level checks 5 Operator s manual The operator s manual shall meet the requirements of IS0 3600; it shall also include mention of the safety aspects of the tractor together with infor- mation on any special requirements to ensure its safe operation. The operator s manual s
41、hould also cover the fitting and use of additional accessories and/or optional extras and their routine maintenance 5 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/26/2007 03:28:07 MDT
42、No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 4254-3:1992(E) UDC 631.372-78 Descriptors: agricultural machinery, forest equipment, agricultural tractors, accident prevention, operator protection, safety devices, specifications, safety requirements. Price based on 5 Paces Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/26/2007 03:28:07 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,-