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1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 8848 First edition 1990-12-15 - Small craft - Remote steering systems Navires de plaisance - Appareils ZI gouverner command maximum travel : 115 mm each side of mid-travel position. Figure 1 3.2 The steering system selected shall be installed in accordance with this Intern
2、ational Standard. 3.3 Boats suitable for twin outboard motors shall be so designated, and it shall also be specified whether the boat is suitable for motor-mounted steering systems, boat-mounted steering systems or both. If the boat is suitable for boat-mounted steering systems, it shall also be spe
3、cified whether well mounting, transom mounting or both (see figure2) may be used. 3.4 All threaded fasteners use of which affects safe operation of the steering system shall incorporate locking means. 3.5 Threaded fasteners use of which affects safe operation of the steering system and which are in-
4、 tended to be mounted or adjusted when installing the steering system in the boat, and which may be expected to be disturbed by installation or adjust- ment procedures, shall be locked by a locking de- vice provided with instructions for correct assembly Output ram and complying with the requirement
5、s in 3.5.1 to X5.3. 3.5.1 Loose lock-washers, fasteners with metallic distorting threads and adhesive are prohibited. 3.52 Plain, threaded jam nuts are prohibited ex- cept that they may be used to permit adjustment and shall be designed so that total separation of parts or other complete loss of ste
6、ering will not occur should they loosen. NOTE 2 For assemblies not intended to be disassem- bled for installation, the choice of locking means is within the discretion of the system manufacturer. 3.5.3 A locking device shall be so designed that its presence can be determined by visual inspection or
7、feel by a layman after installation. 3.6 Connection fittings including quick-disconnect fittings relying upon a spring or springs to maintain the connection shall not be used. -,-,- IS0 8848:1990(E) Dimensions in millimetres Swivel axis to be 102-% square off face of transom (motor well k transom mo
8、unting) NOTE - If the swivel is mounted in the motor well side fitting, the motor well shall provide for 380 mm mid-travel position from the swivel axis to the motor axis. Swivel axis to be 12 max. above top of motor mounting face (motor well and transom mounting) 7/8-14 UNF-2B thread; min. length 1
9、6 on cable support tube Motor mounting face of the clamp bra Motor mounting 380 mid-travel position swivel axis to motor axis Articulation 15 min. 380 mid-travel position swivel axis to motor axis a) Motor well mounting b) Transom mounting and NOTE - Minimum travel : 100 mm each side of mid-travel p
10、osition; maximum travel : 115 mm each side of mid-travel position. Figure 2 - Boat-mounted steering system 4 Outboard motor and inboard-outdrive requirements 4.1 The steering stops on the outboard motor shall permit at least 30 of angular movement to either side of the centreline. 4.2 Outboard motor
11、s shall meet the applicable di- mensional requirements indicated in figure 3 and figure 4. 4.3 The necessary fittings to attach an outboard motor to the steering output ram shown in figure 1 shall be supplied with the outboard motor. 4.4 The outboard motor shall be designed so that, with any combina
12、tion of motor turn and tilt, there shall be no damaging interference between the mo- tor, its accessories, and both the boat-mounted sys- tem installed as shown in figure2 and the motor-mounted system, provided the motor is de- signed for both systems. Appropriate written infor- mation and installat
13、ion instructions shall be provided, clearly indicating the type of steering system(s) that should be used. 4.5 Outboard motors shall be designed so that the geometry ensures that a static load of 3300 N, ap- plied at the steering-arm connection point normal to the steering arm in its normal plane of
14、 operation, throughout the maximum steering arc, will not result in steering output ram loadings greater than those specified in 7.2.1. 4.6 The steering arm of the outboard motor shall be provided with a 318-24 UNF thread, or a plain hole of 9,65 mm to 9,9 mm diameter at the connection point. ISQ 88
15、48:1990(E) 4.7 Inboard-outdrives shall be designed with proper geometry to ensure that a torque of 680 Nm applied about the outdrive steering axis will not re- sult in a steering component loading greater than that specified in 7.21. 5 Steering system requirements 5.1 Motor-mounted steering systems
16、shall meet the dimensional requirements indicated in figure I, figure 3 and figure 4. Ti 5.2 Boat-mounted steering systems for outboard motor installations shall meet the dimensional re- quirements indicated in figure 1 and figure 2. When a joint as shown in figure 2 is replaced by a uni- versal joi
17、nt with two movement axes, the axis per- pendicular to the transom face shall be located 0 to 13 mm above the motor clamp bracket horizontal mounting face. The second axis shall be 100 mm to 115 mm from the inner surface of the transom and shall be not more than 28,5 mm from the first axis toward th
18、e motor. 5.3 Steering cables shall be marked at the engine end with a steering system length which shall be the length from the steering-wheel shaft centre to the hole centre in the steering output ram at the mid- travel position. 5.4 Installation instructions for steering helms shall include recomm
19、endations for the maximum diameter and deepest wheel dish (see figure 5) that may be used with the helm. In addition, the maxi- mum diameter and deepest wheel dish information shall be permanently marked on the helm assembly to be visible when the helm is installed with the wheel removed. Dimensions
20、 in millimetres Steering axis f-Steering arm Transom mating surface 1 Figure 4 - Motor-mounted steering tilt axis / 718-14 UNF-2A L + 0,25 thread both ends Tube o int. 16 o Wheel level line L Diameter i NOTE - The standard quoted diameter is taken as the actual diameter minus 50 mm. Dish Dimensions
21、in millimetres Motor axis Figure 5 - Steering-wheels NOTE - The tube may be threaded equal length on both ends or reversible for port steering installations. Figure 3 - Motor-mounted steering tube 4 IS0 8848:1990(E) Motor centreline 6.2 If installing motor-mounted steering systems in outboard motor-
22、boats, steering cables or other force-transmission means shall be selected so that, as installed and at mid-travel position, the output ram or equivalent component connection point shall reach at least 270 mm beyond the motor centreline as indicated in figure 6. Mid-travel position Connection point
23、6.3 If installing boat-mounted steering systems in outboard motor-boats, steering cables or other force-transmission means shall be selected so that, as installed and at mid-travel position, the output Figure 6 - Motor-mounted steering system ram or equivalent component connection point will reach a
24、t least to the motor centreline. The cable shall be attached to the boat to position the cable- anchor swivel with respect to the transom-motor centreline as specified in figure 2. 5.5 Steering systems and components shall be capable of meeting the applicable test requirements specified in clause 7.
25、 5.6 Plastics and elastomers which may be exposed to sunlight shall be chosen to resist degradation by ultraviolet radiation. 5.7 Plastics and elastomers which may be in- stalled in engine compartments shall be chosen to resist degradation by saline atmospheres, fuel, oil and heat. 6.4 Inboard-outdr
26、ive or water-jet drive installations shall be such that with any combination of drive turn and tilt, there shall be no damaging interference between the inboard-outdrive or jet drive, its acces- sories and any part of the boat or steering system. 6.5 Cables shall be installed with as few bends as pr
27、acticable. Bends should have as large a radius as practicable and the radius shall not be smaller than the manufacturers recommended minimum. 6.6 Steering-wheels and helm shafts shall be se- lected to fit each other. Current fit configurations are shown in figure 7. 6 Installation 6.7 Steering syste
28、ms and components as installed shall be capable of meeting the test requirements in 7.1. 6.1 Except for installations specifically intended for boats or outboard motors with special requirements, either the motor-mounted or the boat-mounted steering system shall be used. 6.8 If the steering cable pa
29、sses through the side of an outboard motor well below the static float plane, the cable access port shall be appropriately sealed. 5 IS0 8848:1990(E) NOTE - Hub keyway: 4,79 mm min. and 5,07 mm max. c .- E I - -1 22.2 o- I a) Clearance to shoulder b) Hub Dimensions in millimetres (v 09 00 I 00 C c)
30、Steering shaft and wheel fit Figure 7 - Steering shafts and steering-wheel hubs -,-,- IS0 8848:1990(E) 7 Test requirements 7.1 As-installed tests These tests are intended to establish the accepta- bility of the design strength of steering systems as installed in a boat to the interface with the outb
31、oard motor. 7.1.1 Steering systems shall withstand a static load in either direction of 3300 N applied at the con- nection hole of the steering output ram along the axis of the steering output ram without deformation that, following the test, will cause any loss in steer- ing capability or any dimen
32、sional change that re- sults in non-compliance with figure 2. The permanent deformation shall not exceed 6,35 mm measured along the axis of the output ram. 7.1.2 Steering systems shall withstand a single tangential load in either direction of 450 N applied as appropriate: - at any point on the steer
33、ing-wheel rim, - at the centre-point of any handgrip of an external spoke steering-wheel, or - at the point of maximum leverage on other steering devices, and a subsequent separate single axial load of 670 N, in each direction, distributed over not more than 100 mm of the rim, spoke or handgrip, at
34、any location maintaining minimum retained system per- formance. Upon application of the indicated loads there shall be no fracture of the mounting surface or boat structure, nor deformation such that the re- quired loads cannot be achieved. A test for minimum retained system performance shall be per
35、formed on the steering system in its condition at the end of the load tests. Repairs to the system are not allowed prior to testing for minimum retained system performance. Failure to maintain minimum retained system performance or the sep- aration of components necessary for steering con- trol incl
36、uding separation of any portion of the helm, transom, or motor well mounts from the boat as a result of the application of the load forces specified in this clause all constitute failure. 7.2 Component tests These tests are intended to establish minimum ac- ceptable design criteria for components of
37、 steering systems. 7.2.1 Steering cable and output assembly tests 7.2.1.1 Each steering output and cable assembly (including boat-mounted system hardware) and each integral fitting shall withstand an axial load of 9000 N in tension and compression, applied at the connection hole of the steering outp
38、ut ram through- out its travel range, without severance of compo- nents. 7.2.1.2 A separate cantilever load of 900 N shall be applied at the centreline of the hole in the steering output ram, with at least 190 mm of the ram unsup- ported, without more than I,25 mm of permanent deflection at the ram
39、hole. 7.2.1.3 The output ram of a push-pull steering cable shall withstand a cyclic load of + 1670 N applied as shown in figure8, without causing separation of components. This load shall be applied for 50000 reversals through the cable cross-hole. 7.2.2 Helm assembly tests Helm assemblies shall inc
40、ur no loss of operating function after the following tests, when equipped with the largest diameter and deepest dish steering-wheel for which the helm is rated. Helms for two-cable systems shall comply with each cable installed individually. Test position 1 Figure 8 - Output ram fatigue test IS0 884
41、8:1990(E) 7.2.2.1 Axial load test A 670 N push-pull load distributed over not more than 100 mm of the 7.2.3.3 At the completion of the thermal con- ditioning and ultraviolet exposure, the wheel shall be maintained at a temperature of 20 “C to 24 “C for at least 3 h. It shall then, in sequence, withs
42、tand the mechanical tests in 7.2.3.3.1 to 7.2.3.3.3. - steering-wheel rim, 7.2.3.3.1 Axial load test - handgrip of an external spoke steering-wheel, or - handgrip at the point of maximum leverage on other steering devices, shall be applied, at any single location, in a direction parallel to the stee
43、ring shaft axis for 10 cycles for a duration of 5 s per loading. 7.2.2.2 Tangential load test A 450 N load in each direction shall be applied - at any point on the steering-wheel rim, - at the centre- point of any handgrip of an external spoke steerin g-wheel ! or - at the point of maximum leverage
44、on any other steering devices, at any single location, tangential to the plane of the steering-wheel rim or in the plane of motion of other steering devices, at any point in its total steering range, for 10 cycles for a duration of 5 s per loading. 7.2.3 Steering-wheel tests NOTE 3 The thermal condi
45、tioning (7.2.3.1) and ultra- violet exposure (7.2.3.2) may be omitted on wheels of all metal and/or wood construction and wheels whose plas- tics parts are not structural. 7.2.3.1 Steering-wheels shall be subjected to three cycles of thermal conditioning before mechanical tests are performed. One cy
46、cle of thermal con- ditioning is defined as - 3 h at 21 “C + 2 OC, - - 3 h at -34 “C + 2 OC, - - 3 h at 21 “C + 2 “C, - - 3 h at 71 “C + 2 “C. - 7.2.3.2 At the completion of thermal conditioning, the steering-wheels shall be subjected to 110 h of exposure to ultraviolet rays of one RS sunlamp or equ
47、ivalent UV lamps at a distance of 480 mm and a temperature of 60 “C. A 670 N push-pull load, distributed over not more than 100 mm of the - steering-wheel rim, or - handgrip of an external spoke steering-wheel, shall be applied, at any single location, in a direction parallel to the steering shaft a
48、xis for 10 cycles for a duration of 5 s per loading without fracture or per- manent deformation in excess of 25,4 mm at the rim, or spoke handgrip. 7.2.3.3.2 Tangential load test A 450 N load in each direction shall be applied - at any point on the steering-wheel rim, or - at the centre-point of any
49、 handgrip of an external spoke steering-wh eel, at any single location, tangentially in the plane of the steering-wheel rim or in the piane of motion of other steering devices, for 10 cycles for a duration of 5 s per loading without fracture. 7.2.3.3.3 Impact load tests The fixture shown in figure9 and the following pro- cedure shall be used. The impact test apparatus to be used (see figure9) shall be a completely filled 250 mm diameter leather bag, containing lead, producing a force of 785 N in total and suspend