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1、 Reference number ISO 6396:2008(E) ISO 2008 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6396 Second edition 2008-03-15 Earth-moving machinery Determination of emission sound pressure level at operators position Dynamic test conditions Engins de terrassement Dtermination du niveau de pression acoustique dmission au p
2、oste de conduite Conditions dessai dynamique ISO 6396:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on t
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5、orm the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, withou
6、t permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All right
7、s reserved ISO 6396:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Instrumentation. 2 5 Test environment 2 6 Measurement of time-averaged A-weighted sound pressure levels. 2 6.1 Operator stature 2 6
8、.2 Operator presence 2 6.3 Microphone 2 7 Set-up and operation of machine, and operators position set-up 3 7.1 Set-up and operation of machine 3 7.2 Setting-up operators position for machines with cab . 4 8 Acoustic measurements 4 8.1 Measurement procedure 4 8.2 Determination of measurement result 4
9、 9 Information to be recorded 4 10 Information to be reported. 5 10.1 Information 5 10.2 Declaration of sound emission data and uncertainty. 6 Annex A (normative) Declaration of sound emission data and uncertainty 7 Bibliography. 8 -,-,- ISO 6396:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reserved Foreword ISO
10、(the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical comm
11、ittee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrote
12、chnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the memb
13、er bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifyi
14、ng any or all such patent rights. ISO 6396 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 2, Safety requirements and human factors, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 1, Noise. This second edition cancels and repla
15、ces the first edition (ISO 6396:1992), which has been technically revised. -,-,- ISO 6396:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved v Introduction This International Standard is a specific test code for earth-moving machinery as defined in ISO 6165. A simulated dynamic test condition, rather than an actu
16、al work cycle, is used. Simulated dynamic test conditions provide noise emission data which are repeatable and representative. Actual work cycle tests are complex and repeatability can be a problem. Specific procedures are described in this International Standard to enable the time-averaged A-weight
17、ed emission sound pressure level in dynamic test conditions to be determined in a manner which is repeatable. Attachments (bucket, dozer, etc.) for the manufacturers production version are intended to be fitted since this is the configuration most likely to exist when the machine is in actual use. T
18、his International Standard enables compliance with noise limits to be determined, if applicable. It can also be used for evaluation purposes in noise reduction investigations. A complementary test code is given in ISO 6395. This other specific test code is intended to be used to determine the noise
19、emitted by earth-moving machinery in terms of the A-weighted sound power level, with the machine under dynamic test conditions. Corresponding measurements of noise emitted to the environment and noise at the operators position under stationary test conditions are described in ISO 6393 and ISO 6394,
20、respectively. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6396:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1 Earth-moving machinery Determination of emission sound pressure level at operators position Dynamic test conditions 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for determining the emission sound pressure
21、level of earth-moving machinery at the operators position, measured in terms of the time-averaged A-weighted emission sound pressure level while the machine is operating under dynamic test conditions. It is applicable to earth-moving machinery as defined in ISO 6165 and as specified in ISO 6395:2008
22、, Annex A. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3411, Earth
23、-moving machinery Physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator space envelope ISO 6165, Earth-moving machinery Basic types Identification and terms and definitions ISO 6395:2008, Earth-moving machinery Determination of sound power level Dynamic test conditions ISO 9249, Earth-moving machine
24、ry Engine test code Net power ISO 11201, Acoustics Noise emitted by machinery and equipment Measurement of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane IEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics Sound lev
25、el meters Part 1: Specifications 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 11201, ISO 6165 and the following apply. 3.1 time-averaged A-weighted sound pressure level LpA,T A-weighted sound pressure level averaged on an energy basis over the who
26、le measurement period, T -,-,- ISO 6396:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved 4 Instrumentation The instrumentation shall be capable of being used to carry out measurements as described in Clause 8. The preferred instrumentation system for acquiring the data is an integrating-averaging sound level
27、meter complying with the requirements of IEC 61672-1 for a class 1 instrument. 5 Test environment For the purposes of this International Standard, the test environment specified in ISO 6395 applies. 6 Measurement of time-averaged A-weighted sound pressure levels 6.1 Operator stature The operator sha
28、ll have a stature between that of the small operator and the large operator as defined in ISO 3411. See also 6.2.2.2. 6.2 Operator presence 6.2.1 Ride-on machines 6.2.1.1 Operators position The operator shall be in the driving position and observers shall not be in close proximity or in the cab duri
29、ng sound measurement. The operator shall wear neither abnormally sound-absorptive clothing nor any hat or scarf (other than a protective helmet used for safety reasons, or a helmet or frame used to support a microphone) which might influence the noise measurement. 6.2.1.2 Seat adjustment The seat sh
30、all be set at, or as near as possible to, the midpoint of its horizontal and vertical adjustment. Any seat suspension shall be adjusted to the operators weight. 6.2.2 Pedestrian-controlled machines 6.2.2.1 Operators position The operator shall be in the usual working position specified by the manufa
31、cturer and observers shall not be in close proximity to the operator during sound measurement. The operator shall wear neither abnormally sound- absorptive clothing nor any hat or scarf (other than a protective helmet used for safety reasons, or a helmet or frame used to support a microphone) which
32、might influence the noise measurement. 6.2.2.2 Standing operator The standing operator shall have a stature of 1 715 mm 50 mm. 6.3 Microphone 6.3.1 Microphone orientation The microphone shall be oriented horizontally, with its reference direction as specified by the microphone manufacturer pointing
33、in the direction in which a person occupying the operators position would normally look. -,-,- ISO 6396:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3 6.3.2 Microphone position As a preliminary sound pressure level data check point, the microphone shall be located 200 mm 20 mm from the median plane of the h
34、ead of the operator and in line with the eyes, on the left side and on the right side of the head of the operator, during the maximum governor engine speed (high idle) condition and with the machine in a static mode, as a preliminary sound pressure level data check point. Whichever side yields the h
35、ighest reading shall be used for the dynamic check. If both initial sound pressure level checks are the same, the right side location shall be used. 6.3.3 Microphone mounting The microphone can conveniently be mounted on a frame or on the helmet, or on a shoulder harness worn by the operator. 6.3.4
36、Microphone vibration precautions Care shall be taken to isolate the microphone from vibrations which could affect the measurements. If the microphone is moved during the measurements, care shall be exercized to avoid introducing acoustical noise (for example, noise due to the microphone rubbing agai
37、nst the operators clothing) or electrical noise (for example, due to a flexing cable) that could interfere with the measurements. 6.3.5 Precautions against microphone-reflected noise 6.3.5.1 Care shall be taken to minimize the effect of reflected noise which could affect microphone measurements. The
38、 recommendations given in 6.3.5.2 and 6.3.5.3 will minimize the effect of reflected noise. 6.3.5.2 Once the microphone location has been determined, a positional tolerance should be maintained of 50 mm from this location in any direction during the test. 6.3.5.3 The microphone should be placed a min
39、imum of 100 mm from the side of the head and a minimum of 50 mm above the clothing on the shoulder during the test. 7 Set-up and operation of machine, and operators position set-up 7.1 Set-up and operation of machine The set-up and operation of the machine shall be as specified in ISO 6395:2008, Cla
40、use 7. Based on the type of machine, measurements are made in a travel mode, a stationary work cycle mode, or a combination of travel/stationary work cycle modes. The positioning of the machine and travel length shall be as specified in ISO 6395:2008, 6.1 and 6.3. The machine operation and travel pa
41、th shall be as specified in ISO 6395:2008, Annexes B to L. -,-,- ISO 6396:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reserved 7.2 Setting-up operators position for machines with cab 7.2.1 Cab with air-conditioning and/or pressurized ventilation system(s) Measurements shall be taken with the doors and windows clo
42、sed and the air-conditioning and/or ventilation system(s) in operation. If there is more than one operating speed available, the air conditioning and/or the pressurized ventilation system(s) shall be operated at the second speed for systems with up to four speeds. For systems with more than four spe
43、eds, the third speed shall be used and, for systems with infinitely variable speeds, the mid-range speed. If the air-conditioning and/or ventilation systems have a recirculate and outside air position control, the control shall be set for outside air. 7.2.2 Cab without air-conditioning or pressurize
44、d ventilation system(s) Measurements shall be taken with the doors and windows closed, then repeated with the doors and windows open. The higher measurement result from the two sets of data obtained shall be used as the reported value. 8 Acoustic measurements 8.1 Measurement procedure The time-avera
45、ged A-weighted emission sound pressure level at the operators position shall be determined in accordance with ISO 11201. For each mode of operation, as defined in ISO 6395:2008, Annexes B to L, for the particular machine, the time-averaged A-weighted emission sound pressure level shall be measured a
46、t the microphone position at least three times. From these measurements, emission sound pressure levels (at least three) are calculated in accordance with ISO 11201 for the combined work cycle (see ISO 6395:2008, Annexes B to L) of the particular machine. In order to meet the requirements of 8.2, me
47、asurements of additional work cycles may be necessary. 8.2 Determination of measurement result If two of the three A-weighted values so obtained do not differ by more than 1 dB, further measurements are unnecessary. If this is not the case, continue taking measurements until two values within 1 dB o
48、f one another are obtained. The time-averaged A-weighted emission sound pressure level to be reported is the arithmetic mean of the two highest values that are within 1 dB of each other. 9 Information to be recorded The following information shall be recorded. a) Machinery under test: machine manufacturer; machine model number; machine serial number; -,-,- ISO 6396:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 5 type of fan-drive system(s), test method(s) used, as specified in ISO 6395:2008, 7.3 a), b) and c), inc